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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Flyvbjerg Henrik) ;pers:(Palm Fredrik)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Flyvbjerg Henrik) > Palm Fredrik

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1.
  • Laustsen, Christoffer, et al. (författare)
  • Antioxidant treatment attenuates lactate production in diabetic nephropathy
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0363-6127 .- 1522-1466 .- 1931-857X. ; 312:1, s. F192-F199
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The early progression of diabetic nephropathy is notoriously difficult to detect and quantify before the occurrence of substantial histological damage. Recently, hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]pyruvate has demonstrated increased lactate production in the kidney early after the onset of diabetes, implying increased lactate dehydrogenase activity as a consequence of increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide substrate availability due to upregulation of the polyol pathway, i.e., pseudohypoxia. In this study, we investigated the role of oxidative stress in mediating these metabolic alterations using state-of-the-art hyperpolarized magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Ten-week-old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: healthy controls, untreated diabetic (streptozotocin treatment to induce insulinopenic diabetes), and diabetic, receiving chronic antioxidant treatment with TEMPOL (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl) via the drinking water. Examinations were performed 2, 3, and 4 wk after the induction of diabetes by using a 3T Clinical MR system equipped with a dual tuned (13)C/(1)H-volume rat coil. The rats received intravenous hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]pyruvate and were imaged using a slice-selective (13)C-IDEAL spiral sequence. Untreated diabetic rats showed increased renal lactate production compared with that shown by the controls. However, chronic TEMPOL treatment significantly attenuated diabetes-induced lactate production. No significant effects of diabetes or TEMPOL were observed on [(13)C]alanine levels, indicating an intact glucose-alanine cycle, or [(13)C]bicarbonate, indicating normal flux through the Krebs cycle. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that diabetes-induced pseudohypoxia, as indicated by an increased lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, is significantly attenuated by antioxidant treatment. This demonstrates a pivotal role of oxidative stress in renal metabolic alterations occurring in early diabetes.
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2.
  • Laustsen, Christoffer, et al. (författare)
  • High Intrarenal Lactate Production Inhibits the Renal Pseudohypoxic Response to Acutely Induced Hypoxia in Diabetes
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Tomography. - : GRAPHO PUBLICATIONS. - 2379-1381 .- 2379-139X. ; 5:2, s. 239-247
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Intrarenal hypoxia develops within a few days after the onset of insulinopenic diabetes in an experimental animal model (ie, a model of type-1 diabetes). Although diabetes-induced hypoxia results in increased renal lactate formation, mitochondrial function is well maintained, a condition commonly referred to as pseudohypoxia. However, the metabolic effects of significantly elevated lactate levels remain unclear. We therefore investigated in diabetic animals the response to acute intrarenal hypoxia in the presence of high renal lactate formation to delineate mechanistic pathways and compare these findings to healthy control animals. Hyperpolarized C-13-MRI and blood oxygenation level-dependent 1H-MRI was used to investigate the renal metabolism of [1-C-13] pyruvate and oxygenation following acutely altered oxygen content in the breathing gas in a streptozotocin rat model of type-1 diabetes with and without insulin treatment and compared with healthy control rats. The lactate signal in the diabetic kidney was reduced by 12%-16% during hypoxia in diabetic rats irrespective of insulin supplementation. In contrast, healthy controls displayed the well-known Pasteur effect manifested as a 10% increased lactate signal following reduction of oxygen in the inspired air. Reduced expression of the monocarboxyl transporter-4 may account for altered response to hypoxia in diabetes with a high intrarenal pyruvate-to-lactate conversion. Reduced intrarenal lactate formation in response to hypoxia in diabetes shows the existence of a different metabolic phenotype, which is independent of insulin, as insulin supplementation was unable to affect the pyruvate-to-lactate conversion in the diabetic kidney.
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3.
  • Laustsen, Christoffer, et al. (författare)
  • Insufficient insulin administration to diabetic rats increases substrate utilization and maintains lactate production in the kidney
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Physiological Reports. - : Wiley. - 2051-817X. ; 2:12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Good glycemic control is crucial to prevent the onset and progression of late diabetic complications, but insulin treatment often fails to achieve normalization of glycemic control to the level seen in healthy controls. In fact, recent experimental studies indicate that insufficient treatment with insulin, resulting in poor glycemic control, has an additional effect on progression of late diabetic complications, than poor glycemic control on its own. We therefore compared renal metabolic alterations during conditions of poor glycemic control with and without suboptimal insulin administration, which did not restore glycemic control, to streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats using noninvasive hyperpolarized (13)C-pyruvate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) (1)H-MRI to determine renal metabolic flux and oxygen availability, respectively. Suboptimal insulin administration increased pyruvate utilization and metabolic flux via both anaerobic and aerobic pathways in diabetic rats even though insulin did not affect kidney oxygen availability, HbA1c, or oxidative stress. These results imply direct effects of insulin in the regulation of cellular substrate utilization and metabolic fluxes during conditions of poor glycemic control. The study demonstrates that poor glycemic control in combination with suboptimal insulin administration accelerates metabolic alterations by increasing both anaerobic and aerobic metabolism resulting in increased utilization of energy substrates. The results demonstrate the importance of tight glycemic control in insulinopenic diabetes, and that insulin, when administered insufficiently, adds an additional burden on top of poor glycemic control.
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