| 1. |
- Gracia-Marco, Luis A., et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal variation in physical activity and sedentary time in different European regions. The HELENA study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Sports Sciences. - : Routledge. - 0264-0414 .- 1466-447X. ; 31:16, s. 1831-1840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report aims (1) to examine the association between seasonality and physical activity (PA) and sedentary time in European adolescents and (2) to investigate whether this association was influenced by geographical location (Central-North versus South of Europe), which implies more or less extreme weather and daylight hours. Valid data on PA, sedentary time and seasonality were obtained in 2173 adolescents (1175 females; 12.5-17.5 years) included in this study. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured by accelerometers. ANCOVA was conducted to analyse the differences in PA and sedentary time across seasons. Results showed that girls had lower levels of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and average PA, and spent more time in sedentary activities in winter compared with spring (all P < 0.05). Stratified analyses showed differences in PA and sedentary time between winter and spring in European girls from Central-North of Europe (P < 0.05 for sedentary time). There were no differences between PA and sedentary time across seasonality in boys. In conclusion, winter is related with less time spent in MVPA, lower average PA and higher time spent in sedentary activities in European adolescent girls, compared with spring. These differences seem to mainly occur in Central-North Europe.
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| 2. |
- George, A.R., et al.
(författare)
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The permeability of tackified, stitched, and braided carbon fiber textiles : Experimental characterization and design modeling
- 2009
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Ingår i: International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition (Proceedings). - 9781934551059 ; 54
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Liquid composite molding (LCM) has greatly benefited from advances in textile preforming. Large and complex part-shapes can be assembled and held in place until resin injection and curing. The three most common preform stabilization techniques are tackification (binders), stitching, and braiding. The often complex geometrical arrangement and inhomogeneous and anisotropic nature of these textile preforms has complicated attempts to model the processing and final properties of such materials, thus hindering their applicability. This paper focuses on the experimental characterization of the permeability of advanced carbon fiber textile preforms. Permeability knowledge allows the simulation of resin flow during processing in LCM. The inplane permeability is determined by the multiple cavity parallel flow technique. Non-crimped fabric (NCF) with various configurations and binder amounts, tailored fiber-placement (TFP) stitched fabric in a variety of orientations, and both biax and triax braided samples are characterized. Previous literature includes measurements of glass-fiber based preforms, and simple carbon weaves and NCF's. But no permeability data has been published for these particular state-of-the-art materials. Strategies to model the design of a preform using similar materials are also presented.
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| 3. |
- Vernet, Nicolas, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental determination of the permeability of engineering textiles : Benchmark II
- 2014
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Ingår i: Composites. Part A, Applied science and manufacturing. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1359-835X .- 1878-5840. ; 61, s. 172-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this second international permeability benchmark, the in-plane permeability values of a carbon fabric were studied by twelve research groups worldwide. One participant also investigated the deformation of the tested carbon fabric. The aim of this work was to obtain comparable results in order to make a step toward standardization of permeability measurements. Unidirectional injections were thus conducted to determine the unsaturated in-plane permeability tensor of the fabric. Procedures used by participants were specified in the guidelines defined for this benchmark. Participants were asked to use the same values for parameters such as fiber volume fraction, injection pressure and fluid viscosity to minimize sources of scatter. The comparison of the results from each participant was encouraging. The scatter between data obtained while respecting the guidelines was below 25%. However, a higher dispersion was observed when some parameters differed from the recommendations of this exercise.
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| 4. |
- Heinonen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of the Equivalence of National Dew-Point Temperature Realizations in the -50 C to + 20 C Range
- 2012
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Ingår i: International journal of thermophysics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0195-928X .- 1572-9567. ; 33:8-9, s. 1422-1437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the field of humidity quantities, the first CIPM key comparison, CCT-K6 is at its end. The corresponding European regional key comparison, EUROMET.T-K6, was completed in early 2008, about 4 years after the starting initial measurements in the project. In total, 24 NMIs from different countries took part in the comparison. This number includes 22 EURAMET countries, and Russia and South Africa. The comparison covered the dew-point temperature range from -50 C to +20 C. It was carried out in three parallel loops, each with two chilled mirror hygrometers as transfer standards in each loop. The comparison scheme was designed to ensure high quality results with evenly spread workload for the participants. It is shown that the standard uncertainty due to the long-term instability was smaller than 0.008 C in all loops. The standard uncertainties due to links between the loops were found to be smaller than 0.025 C at -50 C and 0.010 C elsewhere. Conclusions on the equivalence of the dew-point temperature standards are drawn on the basis of calculated bilateral degrees of equivalence and deviations from the EURAMET comparison reference values (ERV). Taking into account 16 different primary dew-point realizations and 8 secondary realizations, the results demonstrate the equivalence of a large number of laboratories at an uncertainty level that is better than achieved in other multilateral comparisons so far in the humidity field.
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| 5. |
- Hofstra, Harmen, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges and Experiences
- 2013
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Ingår i: Transparency for Sustainability in the Food Chain: Challenges and Research Needs-EFFoST Critical Reviews #2. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 9780124171954 ; , s. 21-65
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the identification of transparency challenges evolving from a discrepancy between needs, state-of-the-art, and experiences that will be discussed, the Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) has utilized a broad range of approaches, including literature analysis, best practice analysis, chain analysis, work group discussions, expert discussions, surveys, web consultations, and simulation studies to reach results that serve the objectives.In this chapter, the focus is on the layer approach, the integrated view follows thereafter. The layer approach distinguishes between. a.upper levels linked to the recipients of transparency andb.lower levels linked to the actors in the food value chain and their production and distribution processes.The different layers identify different communication needs. The lowest level provides the ". infrastructure" for data communication. It is closely related to information technology and the identification of the path that a product takes from production to consumption. This is linked to the tracking and tracing functionality which makes it feasible to communicate additional information as "backpack" on the tracking and tracing information base.The next layer serves the collection of information about the various domains (food safety, food quality, chain integrity) of interest. This layer represents the classical information collection and communication approach. The third layer involves the transformation of information into signals or further to simple-to-understand messages like "this food is safe" which serve the transparency needs of the various stakeholders (consumers, enterprises, and policy) depending on the situation they are in (scenario).
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| 6. |
- Jonauskaite, Domicele, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative analysis of colour–emotion associations in 16–88-year-old adults from 31 countries
- 2024
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Ingår i: British Journal of Psychology. - : John Wiley and Sons Ltd. - 0007-1269 .- 2044-8295. ; 115:2, s. 275-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As people age, they tend to spend more time indoors, and the colours in their surroundings may significantly impact their mood and overall well-being. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence to provide informed guidance on colour choices, irrespective of age group. To work towards informed choices, we investigated whether the associations between colours and emotions observed in younger individuals also apply to older adults. We recruited 7393 participants, aged between 16 and 88 years and coming from 31 countries. Each participant associated 12 colour terms with 20 emotion concepts and rated the intensity of each associated emotion. Different age groups exhibited highly similar patterns of colour–emotion associations (average similarity coefficient of.97), with subtle yet meaningful age-related differences. Adolescents associated the greatest number but the least positively biased emotions with colours. Older participants associated a smaller number but more intense and more positive emotions with all colour terms, displaying a positivity effect. Age also predicted arousal and power biases, varying by colour. Findings suggest parallels in colour–emotion associations between younger and older adults, with subtle but significant age-related variations. Future studies should next assess whether colour–emotion associations reflect what people actually feel when exposed to colour.
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| 7. |
- Olofsson, Kurt, et al.
(författare)
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New TailCast manufacturing process
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new material- and manufacturing concept has been developed in the ongoing EU research project COMETA. The concept is called Tailored Reinforcement for Epoxy Casting (TailCast). TailCast uses a pre-consolidated grid structure made of continuous fibers, which is loaded as an insert into a conventional casting process. The resulting material- and product structure can hence be designed to incorporate a tailored reinforcement package of continuous fibers, short fibers and particles. This paper deals with material- and process developments towards a low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) as well as the manufacture of a flange demonstrator for COMETA. The gained low composite CTE will furthermore reduce the sensitivity to humidity, which is important for this application.
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