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- Alfonsson, Sven, 1977-
(författare)
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Impulsivity, Negative Mood, and Disordered Eating in Obesity
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bariatric surgery is a life-altering procedure that leads to substantial weight loss for most patients with obesity. Psychiatric conditions that may interfere with eating behavior and other behavioral prescriptions after surgery are common. Disordered eating is an established risk factor for inferior weight loss but the effects of negative mood and impulsivity are largely unknown. This thesis aims to investigate the prevalence of and associations between these potential risk factors and eating behavior in bariatric surgery patients.Study I assessed the prevalence of adult Attention Deficits/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in bariatric surgery patients. Symptoms of adult ADHD were elevated compared to the normal population and associated with symptoms of disordered eating, anxiety, and depression.Study II investigated whether treatment with Behavioral Activation (BA) could ameliorate binge eating and other symptoms of disordered eating in patients with obesity and Binge Eating Disorder. The results showed that BA was effective in increasing activity levels and improving mood but not in ameliorating binge eating in these patients.Study III was a prospective study on disordered eating, symptoms of depression and anxiety, symptoms of adult ADHD, and alcohol risk consumption before surgery and at follow-up after 12 months. After controlling for age, no variable measured before surgery could predict weight loss after surgery. Disordered eating after surgery was associated with inferior weight loss in men and a subgroup of older female participants.The present thesis concludes that symptoms of adult ADHD are common among bariatric surgery patients and associated with disordered eating. There is no indication that symptoms of adult ADHD are associated with short-term inferior weight loss after surgery. However, adult ADHD may be a risk factor for postsurgical alcohol abuse. The treatment study showed no direct association among activity, mood, and binge eating. BA, while effective in improving mood, was found not to be an effective treatment for BED, at least in the short group format investigated.
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| 2. |
- Asmundson, Gordon, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive behaviour therapy in full flight
- 2004
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Ingår i: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 33:3, s. 113-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Björnsdotter, Annika, 1970-
(författare)
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Evaluation of Family Check-Up and iComet : Effectiveness as well as Psychometrics and Norms for Parent Rating Scales
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis compromise four studies, three regarding psychometrics and norms of parent rating scales, and one study regarding effectiveness of two different interventions. A normative sample consisting of 1443 parents with children aged 10 to 13 years old, was used in the Study I, II and III. In Study IV, 231 self-referred parents with children aged 10-13 years old with externalizing behavior problem (EBP) were randomized to either Family Check-Up (FCU) or iComet.The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) used in Study I proved to be a reliable and valid instrument with high internal consistency, clear factor structure and high correlation with other similar instruments. In addition, the results support the online use of SDQ as well as using norms obtained through traditional administration even when the SDQ has been administrated online. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) investigated in Study II was shown to have adequate reliability and construct validity. The specific use of expressive suppression or cognitive reappraisal as a parental emotion regulation strategy was correlated as expected to the couple’s satisfaction, family warmth, and the employment of adequate discipline strategies. Swedish norms for self-rated ERQs are also presented. Study III investigated the Parental Knowledge and Monitoring Scale (PKMS), which was shown to be a useful instrument for assessing parental knowledge and its sources. Family climate appears to moderate important relationships between parental knowledge and conduct problems with implications for such things as family interventions. Finally, a person-oriented analysis was used in Study IV to subtype the children according to combinations of prosocial behavior and EBP, such as different levels of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and/or oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) behaviors. Despite being a heterogeneous group of children with EBP, they were meaningfully grouped into significantly different profiles. Both FCU and iComet resulted in post-treatment measurement within non-clinical range for three of the five profiles. The two profiles that included high levels of ADHD behaviors at baseline assessment continued to have residual symptoms post intervention.
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| 6. |
- Björnsdotter, Annika, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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The Importance of Parental Knowledge
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Poor parenting is an important risk factor for development of conduct problems in children and adolescents. Inadequate parental monitoring is an example of a negative parenting behavior that has been shown to predict child conduct problems Findings from previous research on parental monitoring has been mixed due to the use of inconsistent and vague definitions. However, later research suggests that it is "parental knowledge" rather than "parental monitoring" that is associated with child and adolescent conduct problems. In the present study, we used an existing questionnaire that measures three possible sources of parental knowledge: child disclosure, parental solicitation and parental control. Our aims were to 1) examine the factor structure of a parenting monitoring/knowledge scale, 2) analyze if a high level of child disclosure and parental control as well as a low level of parental solicitation were associated to low conduct problems, 3) examine if a measure of family warmth correlates with child disclosure, and 4) whether parental knowledge mediates the relation between parental warmth and conduct problems. Parents of a national probability sample of 2800 children aged 10-13 years old were asked to complete a survey including these different scales. A total of 1446 parents completed the questionnaires. Brief description Analysis of the importance of parental knowledge regarding child disruptive behavior using an existing questionnaire that measures parental knowledge through three possible sources: child disclosure, parental solicitation and parental control.
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| 7. |
- Björnsdotter, Annika, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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The Parental Knowledge and Monitoring Scale : Psychometrics and relations to conduct problems
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study investigated psychometrics (internal consistency, factor structure) of the Parental Knowledge and Monitoring Scale (PKMS) when used for parents of children aged 10-13 years. We also evaluated PKMS associations to child conduct problems and potential moderators (family warmth, and conflict). Totally 1442 parents participated. The internal consistencies ranged from alpha .70 to .90. A confirmatory factor analysis of the sources of parental knowledge resulted in a fairly acceptable fit for a 4-factor model (Parental Solicitation, Parental Control, Child Disclosure, and Secrecy: RMSEA=.076, CFI=.99, GFI=.94). The subscales correlated positively (Secrecy negatively) with Parental Knowledge. Secrecy was associated with conduct problems in a hierarchical regression analysis. Family warmth and conflict significantly moderated the association of parental knowledge to conduct problems.
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| 8. |
- Dahlberg, Anton
(författare)
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Capturing and addressing preschool children’s emotional and behavioural problems : Using parents’, teachers’ and children’s perspectives
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Emotional and behavioural problems (EBP) are among the most common mental health problems in preschool children. EBP are also associated with poor parent mental health. Untreated, EBP can persist or worsen over time. In order to capture and address preschool children’s EBP, we need scientifically valid instruments that can access the perspectives of informants from different contexts of the child. We also need cut-off values for questionnaires assessing EBP that are representative of the population. Parenting support is a recommended intervention for addressing EBP in preschool children. Most parenting support programmes have a solid evidence-base and show positive effects on child EBP and parent wellbeing. However, we need a better understanding of the children’s emotional and relational experiences, especially in relation to their parents. Further, although the implementation of evidence-based interventions is a complex matter with substantial impact on intervention success, few studies assess the implementation process of parenting programmes. The studies constituting this thesis focused on preschool children. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was assessed for capturing EBP. Study I assessed the construct validity of the SDQ and its five subscales, when rated by fathers and preschool teachers. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to evaluate construct validity. Results indicated that the SDQ can be used as an instrument to measure EBP in preschool children, rated by parents and preschool teachers. In study II, we established Swedish norms for the SDQ for preschool children. Results suggested lower SDQ cut-offs for Swedish preschool children compared with other countries, and higher cut-offs for boys compared with girls. In study III, preschool children whose parents participated in a parenting programme were interviewed regarding their emotional and relational experiences at home. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The children provided accounts of negative and positive interactions with their parents, elaborately describing a coercive cycle with escalating conflicts and lack of problem resolution. In study IV, the implementation of the parenting programme Triple P in a preschool setting was assessed using the RE-AIM framework. Results indicated a successful implementation that relied on customisation of the programme; assessment of the process from parent, staff, and organisation levels; interdisciplinary collaboration; and continuous work on securing maintenance over time. This thesis provides pieces to a complex puzzle of understanding and addressing child mental health problems, particularly EBP. Assessing EBP from different perspectives and promoting children’s voices are essential, as well as actively working with the implementation of evidence-based programmes.
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| 9. |
- de Man Lapidoth, Joakim
(författare)
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Binge eating and obesity treatment : prevalence, measurement and long-term outcome
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Eating disorders and binge eating has repeatedly been shown to be common in surgical and behavioural weight loss treatments. Due to methodological variations and shortcomings in previous research, there is insufficient information about how eating disorders and binge eating are associated with outcome in weight loss treatments. There is therefore no consensus on how eating pathology should be adressed in weight loss treatments, which has led to large differences in the clinical practice. The main aim of this thesis was to address the issues of eating disorders and binge eating in weight loss treatments, and to investigate how binge eating is associated with long-term treatment outcome.
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