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| 2. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 6. |
- Drake, TM, et al.
(författare)
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Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in children: an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMJ global health. - : BMJ. - 2059-7908. ; 5:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, there is a lack of data available about SSI in children worldwide, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of SSI in children and associations between SSI and morbidity across human development settings.MethodsA multicentre, international, prospective, validated cohort study of children aged under 16 years undergoing clean-contaminated, contaminated or dirty gastrointestinal surgery. Any hospital in the world providing paediatric surgery was eligible to contribute data between January and July 2016. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI by 30 days. Relationships between explanatory variables and SSI were examined using multilevel logistic regression. Countries were stratified into high development, middle development and low development groups using the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI).ResultsOf 1159 children across 181 hospitals in 51 countries, 523 (45·1%) children were from high HDI, 397 (34·2%) from middle HDI and 239 (20·6%) from low HDI countries. The 30-day SSI rate was 6.3% (33/523) in high HDI, 12·8% (51/397) in middle HDI and 24·7% (59/239) in low HDI countries. SSI was associated with higher incidence of 30-day mortality, intervention, organ-space infection and other HAIs, with the highest rates seen in low HDI countries. Median length of stay in patients who had an SSI was longer (7.0 days), compared with 3.0 days in patients who did not have an SSI. Use of laparoscopy was associated with significantly lower SSI rates, even after accounting for HDI.ConclusionThe odds of SSI in children is nearly four times greater in low HDI compared with high HDI countries. Policies to reduce SSI should be prioritised as part of the wider global agenda.
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| 7. |
- Adamczyk, Barbara, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Pregnancy-Associated Changes of IgG and Serum N-Glycosylation in Camel (Camelus dromedarius).
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of proteome research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1535-3907 .- 1535-3893. ; 15:9, s. 3255-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) is an agriculturally important species of high economic value but of low reproductive efficiency. Serum and IgG N-glycosylation are affected by physiological and pathogenic changes and might therefore be a useful diagnostic tool in camel livestock management. This study presents the first comprehensive annotation of the N-glycome from dromedary camel serum as well as their single-domain and conventional antibodies and its subsequent application for camel pregnancy diagnostics. N-glycans were released by PNGaseF, labeled with 2-aminobenzamide (2-AB), and analyzed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with fluorescent detection (HILIC-UPLC-FLD), enzymatic sequencing and mass spectrometry (MS). The use of a high-throughput robotic platform for sample preparation allowed the rapid generation of glycomics data from pregnant (n = 8) and nonpregnant (n = 8) camels of the Majaheem and Wadha breed. IgG N-glycans dominate the glycan profile of camel serum and present a mixture of core-fucosylated and noncore-fucosylated N-glycans which can contain N-glycolylneuraminic and N-acetylneuraminic acid. Significant pregnancy-associated but breed-independent increases in galactosylation, core-fucosylation, sialylation, and decreases in serum O-acetylation were observed. The monitoring of IgG and serum N-glycosylation presents an attractive complementary test for camel pregnancy diagnostics and presents an interesting tool for biomarker discovery in camel health and breeding.
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| 8. |
- Belal, Amany, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Hydroxyapatite/Vitamin B-12 Nanoformula for Treatment of Bone Damage: Preparation, Characterization, and Anti-Arthritic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities in Chemically Induced Arthritic Rats
- 2023
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Ingår i: Pharmaceuticals. - : MDPI. - 1424-8247. ; 16:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The usage of nanomaterials for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment can improve bioavailability and enable selective targeting. The current study prepares and evaluates the in vivo biological effects of a novel hydroxyapatite/vitamin B-12 nanoformula in Complete Freunds adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. The synthesized nanoformula was characterized using XRD, FTIR, BET analysis, HERTEM, SEM, particle size, and zeta potential. We synthesized pure HAP NPs with 71.01% loading weight percentages of Vit B12 and 49 mg/g loading capacity. Loading of vitamin B-12 on hydroxyapatite was modeled by Monte Carlo simulation. Anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of the prepared nanoformula were assessed. Treated arthritic rats showed lower levels of RF and CRP, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-17, and ADAMTS-5, but higher IL-4 and TIMP-3 levels. In addition, the prepared nanoformula increased GSH content and GST antioxidant activity while decreasing LPO levels. Furthermore, it reduced the expression of TGF-beta mRNA. Histopathological examinations revealed an improvement in joint injuries through the reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration, cartilage deterioration, and bone damage caused by Complete Freunds adjuvant. These findings indicate that the anti-arthritic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of the prepared nanoformula could be useful for the development of new anti-arthritic treatments.
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| 10. |
- Mahdy, Nasser M., et al.
(författare)
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Origin, dynamics, and chemical evolution of garnet-bearing leucogranitic magma, Eastern Desert of Egypt : Controls on the rare-metal enrichment in the A-type magmatism
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemie der Erde. - 0009-2819 .- 1611-5864. ; 83:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Egypt hosts numerous rare-metal granites, i.e., highly evolved granites enriched in rare metals (Ta, Nb, Be, Sn, Zr, Th, and REE). However, the processes involved in the rare-metal enrichment are not fully understood. We present new data on the textural characteristics and chemical composition of rare-metal mineralization associated with microgranite dikes in the Ras Abdah area of the Egyptian Eastern Desert. These dikes are garnet-bearing leucogranites (GLG) composed of perthitic alkali-feldspars and quartz. When compared to other Egyptian A-type granites, microgranite dikes are alkaline rocks with particularly higher HREE contents. Zircon, huttonite, fergusonite (Y), and Fe-Ti-Zn oxides (magnetite, Zn-bearing ilmenite and pyrophanite) are largely associated with the altered domains, which are also enriched in Nb, Zr, Y, Ta, Th, and REE. However, similarities between the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the altered and unaltered domains of the GLG dikes favor the hypothesis of a unique magmatic signature. Moreover, the chemical and textural features of rare-metal minerals indicate that the alteration of primary minerals was caused by deuteric fluids or aqueous residual melt exsolved from the parental granitic magma (autometasomatism). Garnet compositions are rich in the spessartine component (up to 84 %), which is typical of garnet in highly evolved pegmatitic rocks. Furthermore, garnet exhibits no major element zoning but shows chemical fluctuations in trace element concentrations, suggesting correspondingly abrupt changes in melt composition due to sequential magma pulsing. This magma emplacement may cause crystal nucleation and oscillatory crystallization followed by magmatic segregation. Overall, parental magma type, dike injection, and magmatic-hydrothermal processes all play a role in the unusual enrichments of rare metals.
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