| 1. |
- Bale, S. D., et al.
(författare)
-
The FIELDS Instrument Suite for Solar Probe Plus
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Space Science Reviews. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0038-6308 .- 1572-9672. ; 204:1-4, s. 49-82
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- NASA's Solar Probe Plus (SPP) mission will make the first in situ measurements of the solar corona and the birthplace of the solar wind. The FIELDS instrument suite on SPP will make direct measurements of electric and magnetic fields, the properties of in situ plasma waves, electron density and temperature profiles, and interplanetary radio emissions, amongst other things. Here, we describe the scientific objectives targeted by the SPP/FIELDS instrument, the instrument design itself, and the instrument concept of operations and planned data products.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bedri, Sahl Khalid, et al.
(författare)
-
Plasma protein profiling reveals candidate biomarkers for multiple sclerosis treatment
- 2019
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1932-6203. ; 14:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment options have improved significantly over the past decades, but the consequences of MS can still be devastating and the needs for monitoring treatment surveillance are considerable. In the current study we used affinity proteomics technology to identify potential biomarkers which could ultimately be used to as facilitate treatment decisions. We profiled the intra-individual changes in the levels of 59 target proteins using an antibody suspension bead array in serial plasma samples from 44 MS patients during treatment with natalizumab followed by fingolimod. Nine proteins showed decreasing plasma levels during natalizumab treatment, with PEBP1 and RTN3 displaying the most significant changes. Protein levels remained stable during fingolimod treatment for both proteins. The decreasing PEBP1 levels during natalizumab treatment could be validated using ELISA and replicated in an independent cohort. These results support the use of this technology as a high throughput method of identifying potentially useful biomarkers of MS treatment.
|
|
| 3. |
- Chen, W. Z., et al.
(författare)
-
Spectral and structural characterization of amidate-bridged platinum-thallium complexes with strong metal-metal bonds
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 45:11, s. 4526-4536
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reactions of [Pt(NH3)(2)((NHCOBu)-Bu-t)(2)] and TlX3 (X = NO3-, Cl-, CF3CO2-) yielded dinuclear [{Pt(ONO2)(NH3)(2-)((NHCOBu)-Bu-t)}Tl(ONO2)(2)(MeOH)] (2) and trinuclear complexes [{PtX(RNH2)(2)((NHCOBu)-Bu-t)(2)}(2)Tl](+) [X = NO3- (3), Cl- (5), CF3CO2- (6)], which were spectroscopically and structurally characterized. Strong Pt-Tl interaction in the complexes in solutions was indicated by both Pt-195 and Tl-205 NMR spectra, which exhibit very large one-bond spin-spin coupling constants between the heteronuclei ((1)J(PtTl)), 146.8 and 88.84 kHz for 2 and 3, respectively. Both the X-ray photoelectron spectra and the Pt-195 chemical shifts reveal that the complexes have Pt centers whose oxidation states are close to that of Pt-III. Characterization of these complexes by X-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the Pt and Tl atoms are held together by very short Pt-Tl bonds and are supported by the bridging amidate ligands. The Pt-Tl bonds are shorter than 2.6 angstrom, indicating a strong metal-metal attraction between these two metals. Compound 2 was found to activate the C-H bond of acetone to yield a platinum(IV) acetonate complex. This reactivity corresponds to the property of Pt-III complexes. Density functional theory calculations were able to reproduce the large magnitude of the metal-metal spin-spin coupling constants. The couplings are sensitive to the computational model because of a delicate balance of metal 6s contributions in the frontier orbitals. The computational analysis reveals the role of the axial ligands in the magnitude of the coupling constants.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kritikos, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Novel bis(diethylenetriamine)thallium(III) complex. Synthesis and characterization in pyridine solution and in solid
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Inorganica Chimica Acta. - 0020-1693 .- 1873-3255. ; 331, s. 224-231
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new complex of thallium(ill) with the nitrogen donor ligand diethylenetriamine (dien) has been prepared and characterized by multinuclear NMR (H-1, C-13. Tl-205), infrared and Raman spectroscopy. and X-ray diffraction. In solution, the symmetric s-facial isomer of [Tl(dien)(2)](3+) is formed. This is a fluxional molecule even at low temperature (235 K): therefore, the different rotamers cannot be observed separately. A complete characterization of the complex is given from its non-trivial NMR spectra. The crystal structure of [Tl(dien)(2)](ClO4)(3).H2O shows u-facial geometry. where the coordination environment around thallium can be described as a distorted trigonal prism.
|
|
| 5. |
- Liu, Yu, 1990-
(författare)
-
Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Metallurgical Processes - with a Special Focus on Bubble Dynamics
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Gas stirring is commonly used in the steelmaking processes to reinforce chemical reactions, kinetic transfer, and inclusion removal, etc. This dissertation concentrates on multiphase flows with gas bubbling to study fluid dynamics and thermodynamics in metallurgical processes. A study of bubble behavior has been carried out using a multiscale approach as follows: Prototype scale (macro) → Plume scale → Single bubble scale → Reaction scale (micro).Initially, previous works on physical modeling and mathematical modeling in relation to the gas bubbling in the ladle have been reviewed. From that, several aspects that can be improved were found:For physical modeling, such as mixing and homogenization in ladles, the general empirical rules have not been analyzed sufficiently;The mathematical models focusing on inclusion behaviors at the steel-slag interface need to be improved;The phenomena governing the transfer of elements, vacuum degassing, and the combination of fluid dynamics and thermodynamics, such as in desulfurization, need to be investigated further.The kinetics transfer with regards to temperature and element homogenization is one of the most extensive research fields in steel metallurgy. For the analysis on prototype scale, the optimal plug configuration has been studied for a 50t ladle. For stirring using bottom-blowing, a separation angle between dual plugs of 160 degree is mostly recommended, and the optimal dual-plug radial position is around 0.65R. Moreover, the influence of the tracer’s natural convection on its homogenization pattern cannot be neglected, especially for ‘soft bubbling’ conditions using low gas flow rates.Subsequently, in studies of the statistical behavior of gas bubbling in the plume, mathematical modeling using an Euler-Euler approach and an Euler-Lagrange approach have been compared. With respect to the bubble coalescence and breakup, the Euler-Lagrange approach is more accurate in predicting the flow pattern for gas injection using a porous plug. With regards to the effect of plug design on the statistical behavior of gas bubbling, gas injection using a slot plug promotes kinetic reactions close to the open eye due to the concentrated plume structure, and gas bubbling using a porous plug promotes a good inclusion removal because of the increased amount of bubbles.Focusing on single bubble behavior, under the same flow rate, as the top gauge pressure is reduced, the bubble diameter increases and the bubble generation frequency decreases. During the bubble ascent, a large bubble gradually reaches stable conditions by means of shedding several small bubbles. In a steel-argon system, under a flow rate in the range of 5.0(mL‧min-1)STP to 2000(mL‧min-1)STP, the bubble diameter is in the range of 6.0mm to 20.0mm. Under laminar conditions, the maximum bubble width is 65mm when the surrounding pressure is 0.2bar, and the steady bubble width is around 58mm under a pressure of 2.0bar.Finally, a coupling method, named Multi-zone Reaction Model, has been developed to predict the conditions in the EAF refining process. Using a combined injection of O2 and argon, and the same injected mass of O2, the decarburization rate increases due to an efficient kinetic mass transfer of carbon in the molten steel. Furthermore, using CO2 to replace argon, as the ratio of the CO2 content in the injection increases, the maximum hot spot temperature, the increment rate of average temperature, and the decarburization rate decrease dramatically.The research step from multiphase fluid dynamics to its coupling with high temperature thermodynamics is a large advancement in this study. Moreover, the research process using open source software to replace the commercial software is also an important technical route. This can help the transparent development of future modules for reacting flow in metallurgical processes.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ma, G. B., et al.
(författare)
-
2,2 '-Bipyridinium bis(perchlorate)
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica Section C. - 0108-2701 .- 1600-5759. ; 56, s. 1473-1475
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The title compound, [H(2)bipy](ClO4)(2) or C10H10N22+. 2ClO(4)(-), was obtained at the interface between an organic (2,2'-bipyridine in methanol) and an aqueous phase (perchloric acid in water). The compound crystallizes in space group P(1) over bar and comprises discrete diprotonated trans-bipyridinium cations, [H(2)bipy](2+), and ClO4- anions. The cations and anions are connected through N-H . . .O and C-H . . .O hydrogen bonds [distances N . . .O 2.817 (4) and 2.852 (4) Angstrom, and C . . .O 3.225 (6)-3.412 (5)Angstrom]. The C-C bond distance between the two rings is 1.452 (5) Angstrom. The bipyridinium cation has a trans conformation and the N-C-C-N torsion angle is 152.0 (3)degrees.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ma, G. B., et al.
(författare)
-
Equilibrium and structure of thallium(III)-ethylenediamine complexes in pyridine solution and in solid
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Inorganica Chimica Acta. - 0020-1693 .- 1873-3255. ; 320:02-jan, s. 92-100
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formation of three [TI(en)(n)](3+) complexes (n = 1-3) in a pyridine solvent has been established by means of Tl-205 and H-1 NMR. Their stepwise stability constants based on concentrations, K-n = [Tl(en)(n)(3+)]/{[Tl(en)(n-1)(3+)](.)[en]}, at 298 K in 0.5 M NaClO4 ionic medium in pyridine, were calculated from Tl-205 NMR integrals: log K-1 = 7.6 +/- 0.7; log K-2 = 5.2 +/- 0.5 and log K-3 = 2.64 +/- 0.05. Linear correlation between both the Tl-205 NMR shifts and spin-spin coupling Tl-205-H-1 versus the stability constants has been found and discussed. A single crystal with the composition [Tl(en)(3)](ClO4)(3) was synthesized and its structure determined by X-ray diffraction. The Tl3+ ion is coordinated by three ethylenediamine ligands via six N-donor atoms in a distorted octahedral fashion.
|
|
| 8. |
- Ma, G. B., et al.
(författare)
-
Formation and structure of novel ternary complexes of thallium(III)cyanide-amine (ethylenediamine and triethylenetetramine) in solution and in solid
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Inorganica Chimica Acta. - 0020-1693 .- 1873-3255. ; 344, s. 117-122
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel ternary Tl(III) complex [Tl(en)(2)(CN)](2+) has been synthesized and characterized in solution by NMR and in solid by Raman spectroscopy. This complex has been prepared in the solid state, [Tl(en)(2)(CN)](ClO4)(2) (1), and the related [Tl(tren)(CN)(2)](ClO4) (2), and their crystal structures determined by X-ray diffraction. A linear cyano-bridged supramolecular complex exists in [Tl(en)(2)(CN)](ClO4)(2). In [Tl(tren)(CN)(2)](ClO4), the thallium ion exists in a distorted octahedral geometry cis coordinated cyanides.
|
|
| 9. |
- Ma, G. B., et al.
(författare)
-
Novel monomeric phenanthroline-thallium(III) complexes multinuclear NMR characterization in organic solvents
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Chinese Chemical Letters. - 1001-8417 .- 1878-5964. ; 13:7, s. 695-698
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel complex of monomeric thallium(III) with the nitrogen donor ligand phenanthroline (phen) has been prepared and characterized by multinuclear NMR (H-1, C-13, Tl-205). The three complexes exist in equilibria in DMSO and acetonitrile solution which was proved by the Tl-205 NMR spectra. The H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra of tris-phen Tl(III) complex have been measured, where the spin-spin coupling between Tl (I = 1/2) and C-13 or H-1 signals were observed with the H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy in acetonitrile. The coupling constants are presented and the chemical shifts of complexes are discussed in detail.
|
|
| 10. |
- Ma, G. B., et al.
(författare)
-
Small platinum-thallium clusters stabilized by ethylenediamine, (NC)(5)Pt-Tl(en)(n-1) (n=1-3) - Characterization in solution and in the solid state
- 2001
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. - 1434-1948 .- 1099-1948. ; :5, s. 1311-1319
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three neutral binuclear platinum-thallium compounds containing a direct and naked (unsupported by ligands) metal-metal bond have been prepared in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The compounds have the formula [(NC)(5)Pt-Tl(en)(n-1)] (n = 1-3, for compounds 1, 2 and 3, respectively) and were found to exist in solution by means of multinuclear NMR (Pt-195, Tl-205, C-13 and H-1) and Raman spectroscopy. The compounds exhibit very large single bond Pt-195-Tl-205 spin-spin coupling constants of 48-66 kHz. In addition, the solid state analogues of 1 and 3, [(NC)(5)Pt-Tl(DMSO)(4)](DMSO) and [(NC)(5)Pt-Tl(en)(2)]-(DMSO)(2), were synthesized and their structures determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The metal-metal bond lengths of Pt-Tl are 2.6131(4) Angstrom and 2.6348(5) Angstrom in compounds I and 3, respectively. Crystal data for compound 1: monoclinic, space group Cc (No. 9), Z = 4, a = 17.2367(14), b = 9.5560(11), c = 17.7941(15) Angstrom, beta = 100.551(10)9 V = 2881.4(5) Angstrom (3), T = 110(1) K; and for compound 3: monoclinic, space group P2(1) (No. 4), Z = 2, a 9.3167(14), b 12.3007(13), c = 11.4586(16) Angstrom, beta = 112.318(16)degrees, V =1214.8(3) Angstrom (3), T = 110(1) K.
|
|
