| 1. |
- Holmes, Emily A., et al.
(författare)
-
Applications of time-series analysis to mood fluctuations in bipolar disorder to promote treatment innovation : a case series.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment innovation for bipolar disorder has been hampered by a lack of techniques to capture a hallmark symptom: ongoing mood instability. Mood swings persist during remission from acute mood episodes and impair daily functioning. The last significant treatment advance remains Lithium (in the 1970s), which aids only the minority of patients. There is no accepted way to establish proof of concept for a new mood-stabilizing treatment. We suggest that combining insights from mood measurement with applied mathematics may provide a step change: repeated daily mood measurement (depression) over a short time frame (1 month) can create individual bipolar mood instability profiles. A time-series approach allows comparison of mood instability pre- and post-treatment. We test a new imagery-focused cognitive therapy treatment approach (MAPP; Mood Action Psychology Programme) targeting a driver of mood instability, and apply these measurement methods in a non-concurrent multiple baseline design case series of 14 patients with bipolar disorder. Weekly mood monitoring and treatment target data improved for the whole sample combined. Time-series analyses of daily mood data, sampled remotely (mobile phone/Internet) for 28 days pre- and post-treatment, demonstrated improvements in individuals' mood stability for 11 of 14 patients. Thus the findings offer preliminary support for a new imagery-focused treatment approach. They also indicate a step in treatment innovation without the requirement for trials in illness episodes or relapse prevention. Importantly, daily measurement offers a description of mood instability at the individual patient level in a clinically meaningful time frame. This costly, chronic and disabling mental illness demands innovation in both treatment approaches (whether pharmacological or psychological) and measurement tool: this work indicates that daily measurements can be used to detect improvement in individual mood stability for treatment innovation (MAPP).
|
|
| 2. |
- Moore, Derek G., et al.
(författare)
-
Infants perceive human point-light displays as solid forms
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Cognition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-0277 .- 1873-7838. ; 104, s. 377-396
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While five-month-old infants show orientation-specific sensitivity to changes in the motion and occlusion patterns of human point-light displays, it is not known whether infants are capable of binding a human representation to these displays. Furthermore, it has been suggested that infants do not encode the same physical properties for humans and material objects. To explore these issues we tested whether infants would selectively apply the principle of solidity to upright human displays. In the first experiment infants aged six and nine months were repeatedly shown a human point-light display walking across a computer screen up to 10 times or until habituated. Next, they were repeatedly shown the walking display passing behind an in-depth representation of a table, and finally they were shown the human display appearing to pass through the table top in violation of the solidity of the hidden human form. Both six- and nine-month-old infants showed significantly greater recovery of attention to this final phase. This suggests that infants are able to bind a solid vertical form to human motion. In two further control experiments we presented displays that contained similar patterns of motion but were not perceived by adults as human. Six- and nine-month-old infants did not show recovery of attention when a scrambled display or an inverted human display passed through the table. Thus, the binding of a solid human form to a display in only seems to occur for upright human motion. The paper considers the implications of these findings in relation to theories of infants’ developing conceptions of objects, humans and animals. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 3. |
- Axelsson, Emma L., et al.
(författare)
-
The role of bodies in infants’ categorical representations of humans and non-human animals
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Infant and Child Development. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1522-7227 .- 1522-7219. ; 27:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate whether bodies are useful cues in infants' category formations, 7-month-old infants were familiarized to images of humans or non-human animals followed by test pairs comprising a familiar category image and a hybrid image with a novel category body. Infants familiarized to humans did not demonstrate a novelty preference for hybrid stimuli with non-human animal bodies. Infants familiarized with non-human animals demonstrated a novelty preference for hybrid stimuli with human bodies, suggesting that there is an asymmetry in infants' category formations of bodies. Compared with infants familiarized to non-human animals, the infants familiarized to humans had a higher proportional fixation count to bodies during familiarization, but the lack of preference for novel category bodies at test suggests that 7-month-old infants' representations of the features of human bodies are likely still developing and they are more likely to form a summary-based categorical representation of non-human animals.
|
|
