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From Inquilines to Gall Inducers : Genomic Signature of a Life-Style Transition in Synergus Gall Wasps

Gobbo, Erik (author)
Naturhistoriska riksmuseet,Enheten för bioinformatik och genetik,Fredrik Ronquists grupp
Lartillot, Nicolas (author)
Hearn, Jack (author)
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Stone, Graham N. (author)
Abe, Yoshihisa (author)
Wheat, Christopher W. (author)
Stockholms universitet,Zoologiska institutionen
Ide, Tatsuya (author)
Ronquist, Fredrik, 1962- (author)
Naturhistoriska riksmuseet,Enheten för bioinformatik och genetik,Fredrik Ronquists grupp
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2020-09-28
2020
English.
In: Genome Biology and Evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1759-6653. ; 12:11, s. 2060-2073
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) induce complex galls on oaks, roses, and other plants, but the mechanism of gall induction is still unknown. Here, we take a comparative genomic approach to revealing the genetic basis of gall induction. We focus on Synergus itoensis, a species that induces galls inside oak acorns. Previous studies suggested that this species evolved the ability to initiate gall formation recently, as it is deeply nested within the genus Synergus, whose members are mostly inquilines that develop inside the galls of other species. We compared the genome of S. itoensis with that of three related Synergus inquilines to identify genomic changes associated with the origin of gall induction. We used a novel Bayesian selection analysis, which accounts for branch-specific and gene-specific selection effects, to search for signatures of selection in 7,600 single-copy orthologous genes shared by the four Synergus species. We found that the terminal branch leading to S. itoensis had more genes with a significantly elevated dN/dS ratio (positive signature genes) than the other terminal branches in the tree; the S. itoensis branch also had more genes with a significantly decreased dN/dS ratio. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that the positive signature gene set of S. itoensis, unlike those of the inquiline species, is enriched in several biological process Gene Ontology terms, the most prominent of which is “Ovarian Follicle Cell Development.” Our results indicate that the origin of gall induction is associated with distinct genomic changes, and provide a good starting point for further characterization of the genes involved.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi -- Evolutionsbiologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences -- Evolutionary Biology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

codon models
Bayesian selection analysis
gene set enrichment analysis
gene duplication
gall induction
Cynipidae
Livets mångfald

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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