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- Hansen, Eric M., 1965-, et al.
(author)
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Does Feeling Empathy Lead to Compassion Fatigue or Compassion Satisfaction? : The Role of Time Perspective
- 2018
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In: Journal of Psychology. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0022-3980 .- 1940-1019. ; 152:8, s. 630-645
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research has shown that feeling empathy sometimes leads to compassion fatigue and sometimes to compassion satisfaction. In three studies, participants recalled an instance when they felt empathy in order to assess the role time perspective plays in how empathizers perceive the consequences of empathy. Study 1 revealed that college students perceive empathy as having more negative consequences in the short term, but more positive consequences in the long term. Study 2 showed that service industry professionals perceive the consequences of feeling empathy for customers who felt bad as less negative, and the consequences of feeling empathy for people who felt good as less positive, in the long as opposed to the short term. Because Studies 1 and 2 confounded time perspective with event specificity a third study was conducted in which event specificity was held constant across time perspectives. The same pattern of results emerged. The results of these studies indicate that perceptions of the effects of feeling empathy, whether positive or negative, become less extreme over time. These findings shed light on the relation between empathy and compassion fatigue and satisfaction by suggesting that situations that initially are experienced as stressful can over time make the empathizer stronger.
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| 2. |
- Lönnermark, Anders, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Self-heating and Off-gassing from Biomass Pellets during Storage
- 2012
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The use of biomass pellets is increasing. As a consequence,large indoor storage facilities are needed along the transportation line. Theincreased production volumes, transportation, handling and storage of pellets resultin increased risks. A number of fire incidents due to spontaneous ignition inwood pellets storages and accidents due to CO intoxication have been reported.Increased efforts concerning safety and quality assurance are, therefore,important. The aim of the present work is to provide methods for estimatingrisks for self-heating of and off-gassing from pellets stored in bulk. Theexperimental work ranges from small-scale characterizations to large-scalestorage tests and includes several different types of pellets. One aim has been to develop smallscale screening methods to assess the propensity for self-heating andoff-gassing, thereby trying to define the specific type of “activity” occurringin the pellets as well as characterising it. In addition to using said methods,isothermal calorimetry (micro calorimeter) and Oxipres (oxygen depletion), theformation of different gases (e.g. aldehydes) was analyzed. Thirteen samples from different types of pellets havebeen ranked relative to each other. Effects of processes like aging can also beseen in the results. The results clearly reveal that different activity levelsof the pellets can be measured using small scale screening methods and thatthere are certain correlations between off-gassing and heat development, althoughthese are not yet fully understood.
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