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Large herbivore migration plasticity along environmental gradients in Europe : life-history traits modulate forage effects

Peters, Wibke (author)
Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States & Bavarian State Institute of Forestry (LWF), Freising, Germany
Hebblewhite, Mark (author)
Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
Mysterud, Atle (author)
Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Eacker, Daniel (author)
Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
Jarnemo, Anders, 1968- (author)
Högskolan i Halmstad,Rydberglaboratoriet för tillämpad naturvetenskap (RLAS)
Linnell, John D. C. (author)
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Trondheim, Norway
Focardi, Stefano (author)
stituto dei Sistemi Complessi, CNR, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
Urbano, Ferdinando (author)
Eurodeer Project, freelance consultan
De Groeve, Johannes (author)
Department of Geography, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
Gehr, Benedikt (author)
Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Heurich, Marco (author)
Department of Conservation and Research, Bavarian Forest National Park, Grafenau, Germany
Jarnemo, Anders, 1968- (author)
Högskolan i Halmstad,Rydberglaboratoriet för tillämpad naturvetenskap (RLAS)
Kjellander, Petter (author)
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Institutionen för ekologi,Department of Ecology,Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science (SLU), Riddarhyttan, Sweden
Kröschel, Max (author)
Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany & Forest Research Institute of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
Morellet, Nicolas (author)
CEFS, University de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet Tolosan, France
Pedrotti, Luca (author)
Parco Nationale dello Stelvio, Glorenza (BZ), Italy
Reinecke, Horst (author)
Department of Wildlife Sciences & Institute for Wildlife biology of Göttingen and Dresden, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Sandfort, Robin (author)
Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
Sönnichsen, Leif (author)
Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland & Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW), Berlin, Germany
Sunde, Peter (author)
Deptartment of Bioscience – Wildlife Ecology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Cagnacci, Francesca (author)
Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy & Organismic and Evolutionary Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
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 (creator_code:org_t)
 
2018-10-30
2018
English.
In: Oikos. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0030-1299 .- 1600-0706. ; 128, s. 416-429
Related links:
https://www.zora.uzh...
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
https://doi.org/10.1...
https://res.slu.se/i...
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  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • The most common framework under which ungulate migration is studied predicts that it is driven by spatio–temporal variation in plant phenology, yet other hypotheses may explain differences within and between species. To disentangle more complex patterns than those based on single species/ single populations, we quantified migration variability using two sympatric ungulate species differing in their foraging strategy, mating system and physiological constraints due to body size. We related observed variation to a set of hypotheses. We used GPS-collar data from 537 individuals in 10 roe Capreolus capreolus and 12 red deer Cervus elaphus populations spanning environmental gradients across Europe to assess variation in migration propensity, distance and timing. Using time-to-event models, we explored how the probability of migration varied in relation to sex, landscape (e.g. topography, forest cover) and temporally-varying environmental factors (e.g. plant green-up, snow cover). Migration propensity varied across study areas. Red deer were, on average, three times more migratory than roe deer (56% versus 18%). This relationship was mainly driven by red deer males which were twice as migratory as females (82% versus 38%). The probability of roe deer migration was similar between sexes. Roe deer (both sexes) migrated earliest in spring. While territorial male roe deer migrated last in autumn, male and female red deer migrated around the same time in autumn, likely due to their polygynous mating system. Plant productivity determined the onset of spring migration in both species, but if plant productivity on winter ranges was sufficiently high, roe deer were less likely to leave. In autumn, migration coincided with reduced plant productivity for both species. This relationship was stronger for red deer. Our results confirm that ungulate migration is influenced by plant phenology, but in a novel way, that these effects appear to be modulated by species-specific traits, especially mating strategies. © 2018 The Authors. Oikos © 2018 Nordic Society Oikos

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi -- Ekologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences -- Ecology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

behavioral plasticity
forage maturation hypothesis
partial migration

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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