| 1. |
- Accordini, S., et al.
(författare)
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Prenatal and prepubertal exposures to tobacco smoke in men may cause lower lung function in future offspring: a three-generation study using a causal modelling approach
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 58:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mechanistic research suggests that lifestyle and environmental factors impact respiratory health across generations by epigenetic changes transmitted through male germ cells. Evidence from studies on humans is very limited. We investigated multigeneration causal associations to estimate the causal effects of tobacco smoking on lung function within the paternal line. We analysed data from 383 adult offspring (age 18-47 years; 52.0% female) and their 274 fathers, who had participated in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS)/Respiratory Health in Northern Europe, Spain and Australia (RHINESSA) generation study and had provided valid measures of pre-bronchodilator lung function. Two counterfactual-based, multilevel mediation models were developed with: paternal grandmothers' smoking in pregnancy and fathers' smoking initiation in prepuberty as exposures; fathers' forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC), or FEV1/FVC z-scores as potential mediators (proxies of unobserved biological mechanisms that are true mediators); and offspring's FEV1 and FVC, or FEV1/FVC z-scores as outcomes. All effects were summarised as differences (Delta) in expected z-scores related to fathers' and grandmothers' smoking history. Fathers' smoking initiation in prepuberty had a negative direct effect on both offspring's FEV1 (Delta z-score -0.36, 95% CI -0.63--0.10) and FVC (-0.50, 95% CI -0.80--0.20) compared with fathers' never smoking. Paternal grandmothers' smoking in pregnancy had a negative direct effect on fathers' FEV1/FVC -0.57, 95% CI -1.09--0.05) and a negative indirect effect on offspring's FEV1/FVC (-0.12, 95% CI -0.21--0.03) compared with grandmothers' not smoking before fathers' birth nor during fathers' childhood. Fathers' smoking in prepuberty and paternal grandmothers' smoking in pregnancy may cause lower lung function in offspring. Our results support the concept that lifestyle-related exposures during these susceptibility periods influence the health of future generations.
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| 2. |
- Tjalvin, G., et al.
(författare)
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Maternal preconception occupational exposure to cleaning products and disinfectants and offspring asthma
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 149:1, s. 422-431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Emerging research suggests health effects in offspring after parental chemical exposures before conception. Many future mothers are exposed to potent chemicals at work, but potential offspring health effects are hardly investigated. Objective: We sought to investigate childhood asthma in relation to mother's occupational exposure to cleaning products and disinfectants before conception. Methods: The multicenter Respiratory Health In Northern Europe/Respiratory Health In Northern Europe, Spain and Australia generation study investigated asthma and wheeze starting at age less than 10 years in 3318 mother-offspring pairs. From an asthma-specific Job-Exposure Matrix and mothers' occupational history, we defined maternal occupational exposure to indoor cleaning agents (cleaning products/detergents and disinfectants) starting before conception, in the 2-year period around conception and pregnancy, or after birth. Never-employed mothers were excluded. Exposed groups include cleaners, health care workers, cooks, and so forth. Associations were analyzed using mixed-effects logistic regression and ordinary logistic regression with clustered robust SEs and adjustment for maternal education. Results: Maternal occupational exposure to indoor cleaning starting preconception and continuing (n = 610) was associated with offspring's childhood asthma: odds ratio 1.56 (95% CI, 1.05-2.31), childhood asthma with nasal allergies: 1.77 (1.13-2.77), and childhood wheeze and/or asthma: 1.71 (95% CI, 1.19-2.44). Exposure starting around conception and pregnancy (n = 77) was associated with increased childhood wheeze and/or asthma: 2.25 (95% CI, 1.03-4.91). Exposure starting after birth was not associated with asthma outcomes (1.13 [95% CI, 0.71-1.80], 1.15 [95% CI, 0.67-1.97], 1.08 [95% CI, 0.69-1.67]). Conclusions: Mother's occupational exposure to indoor cleaning agents starting before conception, or around conception and pregnancy, was associated with more childhood asthma and wheeze in offspring. Considering potential implications for vast numbers of women in childbearing age using cleaning agents, and their children, further research is imperative.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Juan, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective study on the role of smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, indoor painting and living in old or new buildings on asthma, rhinitis and respiratory symptoms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - SAN DIEGO USA : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied associations between tobacco smoke, home environment and respiratory health in a 10 year follow up of a cohort of 11,506 adults in Northern Europe. Multilevel logistic regression models were applied to estimate onset and remission of symptoms. Current smokers at baseline developed more respiratory symptoms (OR = 1.39–4.43) and rhinitis symptoms (OR = 1.35). Starting smoking during follow up increased the risk of new respiratory symptoms (OR = 1.54–1.97) and quitting smoking decreased the risk (OR = 0.34–0.60). ETS at baseline increased the risk of wheeze (OR = 1.26). Combined ETS at baseline or follow up increased the risk of wheeze (OR = 1.27) and nocturnal cough (OR = 1.22). Wood painting at baseline reduced remission of asthma (OR 95%CI: 0.61, 0.38–0.99). Floor painting at home increased productive cough (OR 95%CI: 1.64, 1.15–2.34) and decreased remission of wheeze (OR 95%CI: 0.63, 0.40–0.996). Indoor painting (OR 95%CI: 1.43, 1.16–1.75) and floor painting (OR 95%CI: 1.77, 1.11–2.82) increased remission of allergic rhinitis. Living in the oldest buildings (constructed before 1960) was associated with higher onset of nocturnal cough and doctor diagnosed asthma. Living in the newest buildings (constructed 1986–2001) was associated with higher onset of nocturnal breathlessness (OR = 1.39) and rhinitis (OR = 1.34). In conclusion, smoking, ETS and painting indoor can be risk factors for respiratory symptoms. Wood painting and floor painting can reduce remission of respiratory symptoms. Smoking can increase rhinitis. Living in older buildings can be a risk factor for nocturnal cough and doctor diagnosed asthma. Living in new buildings can increase nocturnal dyspnoea and rhinitis. © 2020 The Authors
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