| 1. |
- Hultman, C M, et al.
(författare)
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Perinatal risk factors for infantile autism
- 2002
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Ingår i: Epidemiology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1044-3983 .- 1531-5487. ; 13:4, s. 417-423
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Etiologic hypotheses in infantile autism suggest a strong genetic component, as well as possible environmental risks linked to early fetal development. We evaluated the association of maternal, pregnancy, delivery, and infant characteristics and risk of infantile autism. Methods. We conducted a case-control study nested within a population-based cohort (all Swedish children born in 1974-1993). We used prospectively recorded data from the Swedish Birth Register, which were individually linked to the Swedish Inpatient Register. Cases were 408 children (321 boys and 87 girls) discharged with a main diagnosis ion infantile autism from any hospital in Sweden before 10 years of age in the period 1987-1994, plus 2,040 matched controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. The risk of autism was associated with daily smoking in early pregnancy (OR = 1.4; CI = 1.1-1.8), maternal birth outside Europe and North America (OR - 3.0; CI = 1.7-5.2), cesarean delivery (OR = 1.6; CI = 1.1-2.3), being small for gestational age (SGA; OR = 2.1; CI = 1.1-3.0), a 5-minute Apgar score below 7 (OR = 3.2, CI = 1.2-8.2), and congenital malformations (OR = 1.8, CI = 1.1-3.1). No association was found between autism and head circumference, maternal diabetes, being a twin, or season of birth. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that intrauterine and neonatal factors related to deviant intrauterine growth or fetal distress are important in the pathogenesis of autism.
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| 2. |
- Hultman, M., et al.
(författare)
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Branding the hotel industry : The effect of step-up versus step-down brand extensions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 124, s. 560-570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study investigates how customer perceptions of parent brands influence the perceived value of brand extensions in the hotel industry and how these relationships are moderated by the nature of the brand extension in question. Drawing on brand equity logic, the study proposes that perceived positive brand attributes, awareness, attitudes, and loyalty toward the parent brand positively relate to higher perceived value of the brand extension, and that these positive relationships grow stronger in cases of step-down extensions rather than step-up extensions. Survey results from UK hotel customers reveal that only perceived parent brand attributes and attitudes seem to have a positive impact on perceived value of the extension and subsequent (re)visit intentions. The moderation results further reveal that the positive relationships turn stronger in cases of step-down extensions and insignificant during step-up extensions. Managers are therefore cautioned to apply step-up extensions too frivolously, as such extensions seem largely ineffective in generating consumer value and subsequent behavioral intentions, whereas the effectiveness is heightened in cases of step-down extensions.
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| 3. |
- Mostaghel, Rana, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Marketing and supply chain coordination and intelligence quality : A product innovation performance perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 101, s. 597-606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on a sample of 148 Swedish firms, this study investigates the complementary relationships between internal and external coordination and external intelligence quality to explain product innovation performance. The results show that, with increasing manufacturing-marketing coordination, higher market intelligence quality or higher supply chain intelligence quality are positively associated with product innovation performance. The complementary roles of internal and external coordination and intelligence quality have theoretical and practical implications.
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| 4. |
- Papadopoulou, C., et al.
(författare)
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Managerial Perspectives on Export Pricing Adaptation Decisions : An Experimental Investigation: An Abstract
- 2023
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Ingår i: Optimistic Marketing in Challenging Times. - : Springer Nature. - 9783031246869 - 9783031246876 ; , s. 67-68
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One of the main challenges of an international marketing strategy is how to control the enormous diversity beyond borders and design optimal cross-border strategies. Firms seeking international presence and opportunities for expansion need to take strategic decisions regarding the degree of adaptation of their marketing mix in their business arrangements in the host country. Specifically, price adaptation, relative to the other elements of the international marketing mix, has received the least attention in international marketing studies, despite having a fundamental role in the marketing program. Some possible explanations to the lack of research attention include the dearth of appropriate and sophisticated theoretical international pricing frameworks, the heterogenous nature of pricing, and the downgrade of its importance. This study investigates whether, how and under what conditions psychic distance affects managers’ decisions regarding international marketing adaptation strategies. Drawing on the construal level theory, we develop a model that suggests promotion orientation and cognitive style as the boundary conditions, and construal level mindset as the underlying mediating mechanism of this effect. Using an experimental vignette study with 233 export managers from originating from analytic (Greece) and holistic (Taiwan) cognitive style markets we find that psychic distance has a significant positive effect on price adaptation, but that this effect is attenuated among managers with a more holistic cognitive style. Results further reveal that the positive effect of psychic distance becomes weaker when managers are characterized by higher promotion orientation and confirm that construal level mindset mediates the effect of psychic distance on adaptation decisions. The article contributes to the international marketing literature by uncovering boundary conditions and an underlying mechanism for the effects of psychic distance. Moreover, results provide important managerial implications for business strategic planning, cross border strategy, recruitment and training. Finally, rich intercultural insights are offered which will encourage researchers to further investigate the global applicability of mindset in international marketing.
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