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- Horev, L., et al.
(författare)
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Preservatives in cosmetics in the Israeli market conform well to the EU legislation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. - : Wiley. - 1468-3083 .- 0926-9959. ; 29:4, s. 761-766
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundPreservatives are important and frequent skin sensitizers, found in a wide range of products for personal and occupational use. According to the European legislation, some cosmetic ingredients are restricted in terms of quantity and a detailed list of ingredients must be present on the product or packaging. ObjectivesTo examine the use of preservatives in common cosmetics on the Israeli market. Materials/MethodsSixty different Israeli brand cosmetics, including shampoos, liquid soaps, body creams and hand creams were randomly selected. Ingredient labels were examined. The products were investigated by the chromotropic acid method for release of formaldehyde and by high performance liquid chromatography for the presence of formaldehyde, DMDM hydantoin and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) and MI content. ResultsAll products but one contained a detailed list of ingredients printed on the package. According to labelling, the most prevalent preservatives in Israeli shampoos and liquid soaps were DMDM hydantoin and MCI/MI. Hand creams and body creams contained mainly parabens but also iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, phenoxyethanol and DMDM hydantoin. Formaldehyde in doses from 4 to 429ppm, and DMDM hydantoin were detected in 38 and 16 (63% and 27%) of the products, respectively. MCI/MI was detected in 11 (18%) of the products, with highest prevalence in rinse- off products (55%). Excluding one hand cream which measured 106ppm MI, the amount of formaldehyde, DMDM hydantoin, MCI/MI and MI was within the allowed concentrations by the European directive in all cases. ConclusionsIn Israel, adaptation of the European directive prevails, as shown by the measurements we performed on randomly selected products.
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- Isaksson, Marléne, et al.
(författare)
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‘Mislabelled’ make-up remover gave facial eczema in female patients
- 2015
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Ingår i: Forum for Nordic Dermato-Venerology. - 1402-2915. ; 20:1, s. 10-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Incorrectly labelled cosmetic wet wipes can cause severe eczema, leading to major concerns amongst the public. Read below what was revealed by chemical analysis in a laboratory in Malmö, Sweden.
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- Lejding, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Hexavalent Chromium in Cement Samples From Countries Within and Outside the EU : A Study From the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group
- 2023
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Ingår i: Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1710-3568. ; 34:4, s. 323-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is often severe and difficult to treat. The content of Cr(VI) in cement can be reduced by, for example, addition of iron(II) sulfate. Since 2005 the content of Cr(VI) in cement is regulated in the EU Directive 2003/53/EC and must not exceed 2 ppm. Since this regulation came into force, ACD caused by cement has markedly been reduced. Objective: To investigate Cr(VI) and total chromium content in samples of cement from countries within and outside the EU. Methods: The members of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG) were invited to participate in the study with the aim to collect cement samples from geographically different areas. The content of Cr(VI) in the samples was estimated by the diphenyl carbazide spot test, atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to assess the total chromium content. Results: Forty-five cement samples were analyzed, containing amounts of Cr(VI) from <0.1 to >70 ppm. Twenty-one samples contained >2 ppm Cr(VI), 24 contained less. Four of 17 samples from within the EU contained >2 ppm Cr(VI), that is, higher amounts than stipulated in the EU directive, as compared with 17 samples from countries outside the EU. Conclusion: In countries outside the EU, significantly more cement samples contained >2 ppm Cr(VI).
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- Lejding, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Can reducing cosmetic substances help prevent chromate contact allergy?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 82:1, s. 39-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Allergic contact dermatitis caused by Cr(VI) is often severe and difficult to treat. Therefore, primary prevention is a main goal but secondary prevention can be valuable to ease the symptoms or prevent relapse of Cr(VI) dermatitis when sensitization has occurred. Barrier creams have been tried for many chemical substances, but until now there is no successful barrier cream against Cr(VI). Objectives: To investigate the ability of reducing agents to transform Cr(VI) into Cr(III) in an experimental situation, in order to find suitable chemicals to investigate for possible use in a barrier cream. Methods: The capacity to reduce the amount of Cr(VI) was analyzed in water solutions of acetylcysteine, cysteine, dihydroxyacetone, glutathione, and iron sulfate heptahydrate. Thereafter the reducing capacity of acetylcysteine, dihydroxyacetone, glutathione, and iron sulfate on the amount of Cr(VI) in cement extracts was investigated. The content of Cr(VI) in the test solutions and in the cement extracts was estimated by the diphenyl carbazide spot test. Results: All of the chosen chemicals reduced the amount of Cr(VI) in the test solutions and in the cement extracts to some extent. The reducing capacity was most prominent for iron sulfate. Conclusion: A reducing capacity was found for all chosen chemicals.
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| 8. |
- Lim, Sharon Osmena, et al.
(författare)
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Cosmetic preservative labeling in Philippine products in accordance with Philippine regulations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 86:6, s. 524-530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Preservatives are usually added to a wide array of consumer products to prevent growth of microbes and to prevent product destabilization and degradation. However, many of these preservatives are common skin sensitizers and may cause allergic contact dermatitis. The amount of preservatives may vary per country or region according to their respective legislation and may be reported in differences in prevalence rates of contact dermatitis. Objective: To examine and identify preservatives in consumer products in accordance with Philippine legislation. To verify the accuracy of the list of ingredients of Philippine cosmetic products as legislated by the Philippine Bureau of Food and Drug Administration. Methods: A total of 65 commonly used Philippine consumer products ranging from liquid facial and body washes, bar soaps, laundry detergents, feminine hygiene washes and wipes, shampoos and conditioners, sunblock, and moisturizers were selected. Ingredients noted on labels were documented. Products were subsequently investigated chemically for the presence of methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, or formaldehyde. Results: The preservatives most commonly used in cosmetic products in the Philippine market are methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI), methylisothiazolinone (MI), and/or formaldehyde. In accordance with Philippine legislation, almost all products provided a detailed ingredient list as printed on the packaging. Measurements of MCI/MI ranged from less than 1 ppm to 16 ppm, and MI ranged from only less than 1 ppm to 66 ppm, whereas formaldehyde was noted to range from less than 2.5 ppm to greater than 40 ppm in the products tested. Most products are manufactured by international brands, with a few products being manufactured locally. Conclusions: The preservatives found in cosmetic products were MCI, MI, and formaldehyde. Discrepancies were found in the preservatives and labeling of these products, with a majority of investigated Philippine products labeled inaccurately with varying concentrations of preservatives.
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- Ryberg, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical investigations of disperse dyes in patch test preparations.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 58:4, s. 199-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Contact allergy to textile dyes is not uncommon. The allergy is detected by patch testing patients with commercial patch test preparations. OBJECTIVE: To investigate 8 disperse dyes (DDs) used for patch testing in the departments in Malmö and in Leuven and to compare them with test preparations used at various dermatology departments. Materials/Methods: The investigated DDs were Disperse Blue (DB) 35, 106, and 124, Disperse Yellow (DY) 3, Disperse Orange (DO) 1 and 3, and Disperse Red (DR) 1 and 17. From 13 clinics, 107 petrolatum preparations were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and compared with reference substances obtained at the Malmö laboratory. Concerning DB 35, no reference substance could be identified. RESULTS: TLC visualized impurities in all DDs. For each DD, except DB 35, the mean concentration in the preparations labelled to contain 1.0% (w/w) were DB 106: 0.30%, DB 124: 0.25%, DY 3: 0.44%, DO 1: 0.40%, DO 3: 0.68%, DR 1: 0.49%, and DR 17: 0.35%; there were variations between the samples also with regard to the number of impurities. DO 3 could not be demonstrated in 4/15 preparations labelled DO 3. CONCLUSION: The results may have implications for individual diagnosis and prevention and when comparing test results from various centres.
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| 10. |
- Ryberg, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Patch testing of patients allergic to Disperse Blue 106 and Disperse Blue 124 with thin-layer chromatograms and purified dyes.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 60:5, s. 270-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Former investigations have demonstrated that patch test preparations containing Disperse Blue (DB) 106 and DB 124 are impure. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of impurities in preparations of disperse dyes with regard to contact allergy. MATERIALS/METHODS: 21 patients allergic to DB 106 and/or DB 124 were tested with dilution series of commercial and purified DB 106 and DB 124. All patients were additionally tested with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) strips made from the commercial preparations containing DB 106 and 18 of them also with TLC strips containing DB 124. RESULTS: 13 of 21 and 12/18 patients tested positively to the strips of DB 106 and DB 124, respectively. Among these patients, 4/13 and 5/12, respectively, did not react to the main spot but reacted to other spots. Dilution series of purified DB 106 and DB 124 were positive in 10 patients each, while 16 and 15 patients, respectively, tested positively to the dilution series of the corresponding commercial disperse dye. CONCLUSION: Approximately 25% of the patients, diagnosed as contact allergic to DB 106 and DB 124, only reacted to impurities in the patch test preparations. This has implications for diagnosis and prevention.
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