| 1. |
- Hedling, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Mapping the Region : An Introductory Note
- 2010
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In: Regional Aesthetics : Locating Swedish Media. - Stockholm : Royal Library of Sweden (Kungliga biblioteket). - 9789188468147 ; , s. 9-9
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Introductory chapter to the collection Regional Aesthetics: Locating Swedish Media
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| 4. |
- Säll, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 alters human osteoblast Ca2+ handling and induces Ca2+-independent apoptosis
- 2013
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In: Journal of Innate Immunity. - : S. Karger. - 1662-811X .- 1662-8128. ; 3:5, s. 290-300
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The human antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37 has, besides its antimicrobial properties, also been shown to regulate apoptosis in a cell type-specific manner. Mechanisms involved in LL-37-regulated apoptotic signaling are not identified. Here, we show that LL-37 reduces the human osteoblast-like MG63 cell number and cell viability in the micromolar concentration range with an IC50 value of about 5 µM. Treatment with 4 µM LL-37 increased the number of annexin V-positive cells and stimulated activation of caspase 3 showing that LL-37 promotes apoptosis. Treatment with 4 µM LL-37 caused an acute and sustained rise in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration assessed by laser-scanning confocal microscopy of Fluo-4-AM-loaded MG63 cells. LL-37 increased Ca(2+) also in the presence of the respective L- and T-type voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channel blockers nifedipine and NiCl2. LL-37 had no effect on Ca(2+) in cells incubated with Ca(2+)-free solution. LL-37 (4 and 8 µM) reduced the MG63 cell number both in the presence and absence of Ca(2+) in the medium. In conclusion, LL-37 reduces the osteoblast cell number by promoting apoptosis, and furthermore, LL-37 stimulates Ca(2+) inflow via a mechanism independent of voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channels. Interestingly, LL-37-induced lowering of the cell number seems to be mediated via a mechanism independent of Ca(2+).
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| 5. |
- Alriksson, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Optimal conditions for alkaline detoxification of dilute-acid lignocellulose hydrolysates.
- 2006
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In: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. - 0273-2289 .- 1559-0291. ; 129-132, s. 599-611
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Alkaline detoxification strongly improves the fermentability of dilute-acid hydrolysates in the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. New experiments were performed with NH4OH and NaOH to define optimal conditions for detoxification and make a comparison with Ca(OH)2 treatment feasible. As too harsh conditions lead to sugar degradation, the detoxification treatments were evaluated through the balanced ethanol yield, which takes both the ethanol production and the loss of fermentable sugars into account. The optimization treatments were performed as factorial experiments with 3-h duration and varying pH and temperature. Optimal conditions were found roughly in an area around pH 9.0/60 degrees C for NH4OH treatment and in a narrow area stretching from pH 9.0/80 degrees C to pH 12.0/30 degrees C for NaOH treatment. By optimizing treatment with NH4OH, NaOH, and Ca(OH)2, it was possible to find conditions that resulted in a fermentability that was equal or better than that of a reference fermentation of a synthetic sugar solution without inhibitors, regardless of the type of alkali used. The considerable difference in the amount of precipitate generated after treatment with different types of alkali appears critical for industrial implementation.
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| 6. |
- Beyerlein, Kenneth R., et al.
(author)
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Mix-and-diffuse serial synchrotron crystallography
- 2017
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In: IUCrJ. - : INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY. - 2052-2525. ; 4:6, s. 769-777
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Unravelling the interaction of biological macromolecules with ligands and substrates at high spatial and temporal resolution remains a major challenge in structural biology. The development of serial crystallography methods at X-ray free-electron lasers and subsequently at synchrotron light sources allows new approaches to tackle this challenge. Here, a new polyimide tape drive designed for mix-and-diffuse serial crystallography experiments is reported. The structure of lysozyme bound by the competitive inhibitor chitotriose was determined using this device in combination with microfluidic mixers. The electron densities obtained from mixing times of 2 and 50 s show clear binding of chitotriose to the enzyme at a high level of detail. The success of this approach shows the potential for high-throughput drug screening and even structural enzymology on short timescales at bright synchrotron light sources.
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| 7. |
- Beyerlein, Kenneth, et al.
(author)
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Ultrafast non-thermal heating of water initiated by an X-ray laser
- 2018
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In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 115:22, s. 5652-5657
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- X-ray Free-Electron Lasers have opened the door to a new era in structural biology, enabling imaging of biomolecules and dynamics that were impossible to access with conventional methods. A vast majority of imaging experiments, including Serial Femtosecond Crystallography, use a liquid jet to deliver the sample into the interaction region. We have observed structural changes in the carrying water during X-ray exposure, showing how it transforms from the liquid phase to a plasma. This ultrafast phase transition observed in water provides evidence that any biological structure exposed to these X-ray pulses is destroyed during the X-ray exposure.The bright ultrafast pulses of X-ray Free-Electron Lasers allow investigation into the structure of matter under extreme conditions. We have used single pulses to ionize and probe water as it undergoes a phase transition from liquid to plasma. We report changes in the structure of liquid water on a femtosecond time scale when irradiated by single 6.86 keV X-ray pulses of more than 106 J/cm2. These observations are supported by simulations based on molecular dynamics and plasma dynamics of a water system that is rapidly ionized and driven out of equilibrium. This exotic ionic and disordered state with the density of a liquid is suggested to be structurally different from a neutral thermally disordered state.
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| 8. |
- Borgehammar, Stephan, et al.
(author)
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Spiritualitetens rim och reson i en bibelkommentar från 1152
- 2000
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In: Kyrka – universitet – skola: Teologi och pedagogik i funktion, festskrift till Sven-Åke Selander (Religio 52). - 0280-5723. ; , s. 245-255
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Studies spirituality in the Commentary on Joshua by the Benedictine monk Irimbert of Admont. Special attention is given to the author's use of ornate language (rhyme) and logical argument (reason).
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| 9. |
- Borgstrom, F, et al.
(author)
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Cost effectiveness of raloxifene in the treatment of osteoporosis in Sweden - An economic evaluation based on the MORE study
- 2004
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In: PharmacoEconomics. - : Adis Data Information BV.. - 1179-2027 .- 1170-7690. ; 22:17, s. 1153-1165
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) study showed that treatment with raloxifene reduces the risk of vertebral fracture and breast cancer in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Objective: Based on the MORE study the aim of the present study was to assess the cost effectiveness of raloxifene (compared with no treatment) for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Sweden. Design: A revised version of a previously developed computer simulation model was used. The impact of the risk-reducing effect of raloxifene on vertebral fractures and breast cancer on cost effectiveness was analysed using a clinical and a morphometric definition of vertebral fracture. Benefits of raloxifene treatment were measured in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and life-years gained. The study estimated the cost effectiveness mainly from a healthcare perspective but the cost effectiveness taking a societal perspective was also analysed. Results: Intervention costs (in Swedish kronor [SEK] and euros [E], year 2001 values) in postmenopausal women with a relative risk of vertebral fracture of 2 were SEK372 000 (E40 000) SEK303 000 (E33 000) and SEK263 000 (E28 000) per QALY for women aged 60, 70 and 80 years, at start of treatment, respectively, when the clinical vertebral definition was used. The cost effectiveness using a clinical morphometric vertebral fracture definition was similar to the cost effectiveness using a clinical vertebral fracture definition. Conclusions: In relation to accepted threshold values for cost per QALY in Sweden, this model indicates, with its underlying assumptions and data that raloxifene (compared with no treatment) is cost effective for the treatment of postmenopausal women at an increased risk of vertebral fracture. from the Swedish healthcare and societal perspectives.
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| 10. |
- Borgstrom, F, et al.
(author)
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The cost-effectiveness of risedronate in the treatment of osteoporosis: an international perspective
- 2006
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In: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 17:7, s. 996-1007
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Risedronate, a bisphosphonate for treatment and prevention of osteoporosis, has been shown in several clinical trials to reduce the risk of fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The cost-effectiveness of risedronate treatment has previously been evaluated within different country settings using different model and analysis approaches. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of risedronate in postmenopausal women in four European countries-Sweden, Finland, Spain, and Belgium-by making use of the same modelling framework and analysis setup. Methods: A previously developed Markov cohort model for the evaluation of osteoporosis treatments was used to estimate the cost-effectiveness of risedronate treatment. For each country, the model was populated with local mortality, fracture incidence, and cost data. Hip fractures, clinical vertebral fractures, and wrist fractures were included in the model. Results: The incremental cost per quality-adjusted life years (QALY) gained from a 5-year intervention with risedronate compared to "no intervention" in 70-year-old women at the threshold of osteoporosis [T-score = -2.5 based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III data] and previous vertebral fracture was estimated to be E860, E19,532, E11,782, and E32,515 in Sweden, Finland, Belgium, and Spain, respectively. Among 70-year-old women at the threshold of osteoporosis without previous fracture the estimated cost per QALY gained ranged from E21,148 (Sweden) to E80,100 (Spain). The differences in cost-effectiveness between countries are mainly explained by different costs (fracture and treatment costs), fracture risks, and discount rates. Based on cost per QALY gained threshold values found in the literature, the study results indicated risedronate to be cost effective in the treatment of elderly women with established osteoporosis in all the included countries. Conclusions: At a hypothetical threshold value of E40,000 per QALY gained, the results in this study indicate that risedronate is a cost-effective treatment in elderly women at the threshold of osteoporosis (i.e., a T-score of -2.5) with prevalent vertebral fractures in Sweden, Finland, Belgium, and Spain.
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