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Sökning: WFRF:(James A) > Bokkapitel

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1.
  • Álvaro, J. Javier, et al. (författare)
  • Global Cambrian trilobite palaeobiogeography assessed using parsimony analysis of endemicity
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Early Palaeozoic Biogeography and Palaeogeography. - 0435-4052. - 9781862393738 ; Memoir 38:38, s. 273-296
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Palaeobiogeographical data on Cambrian trilobites obtained during the twentieth century are combined in this paper to evaluate palaeoceanographic links through c. 30 myr, once these arthropods biomineralized. Worldwide major tectonostratigraphic units are characterized at series intervals of Cambrian time and datasets of trilobite genera (629 for Cambrian Series 2, 965 for Cambrian Series 3, and 866 for the Furongian Series) are analysed using parsimony analysis of endemicity. Special attention is given to the biogeographical observations made in microcontinents and exotic terranes. The same is done for platform-basinal transects of well-known continental margins. The parsimony analysis of endemicity analysis resulted in distinct palaeogeographical area groupings among the tectonostratigraphic units. With these groupings, several palaeobiogeographical units are distinguished, which do not necessarily fit the previously proposed biogeographical realms and provinces. Their development and spatial distributions are broadly controlled by Cambrian palaeoclimates, palaeogeographical conditions (e.g. carbonate productivity and anoxic conditions) and ocean current circulation.
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2.
  • O'Gorman, Eoin J., et al. (författare)
  • Impacts of Warming on the Structure and Functioning of Aquatic Communities : Individual-to Ecosystem-Level Responses
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Advances in Ecological Research, Vol 47. - : Elsevier. - 9780123983152 ; , s. 81-176
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Environmental warming is predicted to rise dramatically over the next century, yet few studies have investigated its effects in natural, multi-species systems. We present data collated over an 8-year period from a catchment of geothermally heated streams in Iceland, which acts as a natural experiment on the effects of warming across different organisational levels and spatiotemporal scales. Body sizes and population biomasses of individual species responded strongly to temperature, with some providing evidence to support temperature size rules. Macroinvertebrate and meiofaunal community composition also changed dramatically across the thermal gradient. Interactions within the warm streams in particular were characterised by food chains linking algae to snails to the apex predator, brown trout These chains were missing from the colder systems, where snails were replaced by much smaller herbivores and invertebrate omnivores were the top predators. Trout were also subsidised by terrestrial invertebrate prey, which could have an effect analogous to apparent competition within the aquatic prey assemblage. Top-down effects by snails on diatoms were stronger in the warmer streams, which could account for a shallowing of mass-abundance slopes across the community. This may indicate reduced energy transfer efficiency from resources to consumers in the warmer systems and/or a change in predator-prey mass ratios. All the ecosystem process rates investigated increased with temperature, but with differing thermal sensitivities, with important implications for overall ecosystem functioning (e.g. creating potential imbalances in elemental fluxes). Ecosystem respiration rose rapidly with temperature, leading to increased heterotrophy. There were also indications that food web stability may be lower in the warmer streams.
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3.
  • Polívka, Tomáš, et al. (författare)
  • Direct observation of the S1 level of the carotenoid spheroidene using near-infrared femtosecond spectroscopy
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Ultrafast Phenomena XII. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783642625121 - 9783642565465 ; 66, s. 668-670
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this work, we have determined the energy of the S1 state of the carotenoid spheroidene. The energy of this state is 13,400 ± 90 cm-1 at both 293 K and 186 K, showing that there is no temperature-induced shift of the S1 level. A discrepancy of about 800 cm-1 between the S1 energy determined here and that obtained from previous fluorescence and resonance Raman measurements is explained in terms of the different conformational species co-existing in the S1 excited state.
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5.
  • DeZutter, Stacy Lee, et al. (författare)
  • Collaborative commentary : how do teachers support children as citizens?
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: International perspectives on educating for democracy in early childhood. - New York : Routledge. - 9781032135007 - 9781032135014 - 9781000865769 - 9781003229568 ; , s. 321-323
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This commentary traces shared themes across the six chapters of Part III of this volume. The examples of classroom practice presented in this part highlight the important role of critical dialogue and inclusive practices as foundations of global citizenship education. When classroom conversations engage students with big ideas and interrogate structural privilege and when they recognize and welcome all perspectives, children experience citizenship that works toward justice, sustainability, and democracy. Examples from the chapters also suggest that prevailing societal attitudes about children's competence may work against efforts to help children recognize their agency within classrooms. Implications for teacher preparation and future research are discussed.
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6.
  • Dicks, Lynn V., et al. (författare)
  • Farmland conservation
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: What works in conservation. - 9781783741571 - 9781783741588 - 9781783741595 - 9781783741601 - 9781783741618 ; , s. 245-284
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This book is meant as a guide to the evidence available for different conservation interventions and as a starting point in assessing their effectiveness. The assessments are based on the available evidence for the target group of species for each intervention. The assessment may therefore refer to different species or habitat to the one(s) you are considering. Before making any decisions about implementing interventions it is vital that you read the more detailed accounts of the evidence in order to assess their relevance for your study species or system.Full details of the evidence are available at www.conservationevidence.comThere may also be significant negative side-effects on the target groups or other species or communities that have not been identified in this assessment.A lack of evidence means that we have been unable to assess whether or not an intervention is effective or has any harmful impacts.
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8.
  • Ermisch, John, et al. (författare)
  • Advantage in Comparative Perspective
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: From Parents to Children. - : Russell Sage Foundation. - 9780871540454 ; , s. 3-31
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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9.
  • Ermisch, John, et al. (författare)
  • What Have We Learned?
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: From Parents to Children. - : Russell Sage Foundation. - 9780871540454 ; , s. 463-481
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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10.
  • Good, James A. D., et al. (författare)
  • The Discovery and Development of Eg5 Inhibitors for the Clinic
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Kinesins and Cancer. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 9789401797313 - 9789401797320 ; , s. 27-52
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The mitotic kinesin Eg5 (also known as kinesin spindle protein, KSP, Kif11, a member of the kinesin-5 family) represents an attractive oncology drug target in the ongoing development of anti-mitotic drugs that selectively block mitosis through disruption to the mitotic spindle. In this state-of-the-art review, we outline the progress that has been made in the development of Eg5 inhibitors for clinical use. We evaluate the preclinical development and attributes of key Eg5 inhibitors that have undergone clinical evaluation or extensive preclinical optimisation, and discuss the medicinal chemistry strategies utilised in their design to overcome the challenges encountered during lead optimisation. We critically analyse the progress that has been made towards delivering clinical benefits, and the wider implications this has in the utility of mitotic kinesin inhibitors as prospective oncology drugs.
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