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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Cao, Jian, et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneous consecutive reaction kinetics of direct oxidation of H2 to H2O2: Effect and regulation of confined mass transfer
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Porous catalysts in heterogeneous reactions have played an important role in the modern chemical industry, but it is still challenging to quantitatively describe mass transfer and surface reaction behaviors of reactants in nano-confined space. Direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is considered as an attractive alternative to anthraquinone oxidation process, while the confined mass transfer of H2O2 in porous catalysts limits the reactivity. In this work, taking the consecutive reaction of H2O2 synthesis as an example, a quantitative method in modeling the effects of confined mass transfer on the reactivity was studied. More specifically, calorimetry was developed to characterize the confined structures of porous carbon experimentally, the linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics and the statistical mechanics method were further combined. Then, the heterogeneous consecutive reaction kinetics and the Thiele modulus influenced by confined mass transfer were modeled. Consequently, regulation strategies were proposed with the help of theoretical models. The optimized catalyst with biological skeleton carbon support and 0.5 wt% palladium loading shows an excellent catalytic performance. Lastly, for the mesoscience in heterogeneous reaction, the resistance was explored as a quantitative descriptor to compromise in the competition between mass transfer and surface reaction. The mesoscale structures were considered as the dynamic spatiotemporal distribution of substance concentrations, and the resistance minimization multi-scale (RMMS) model was proposed.
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| 4. |
- Chen, Jian, et al.
(författare)
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AXL promotes Zika virus infection in astrocytes by antagonizing type I interferon signalling
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Microbiology. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2058-5276. ; 3:3, s. 302-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with neonatal microcephaly and Guillain-Barre syndrome(1,2). While progress has been made in understanding the causal link between ZIKV infection and microcephaly(3-9), the life cycle and pathogenesis of ZIKV are less well understood. In particular, there are conflicting reports on the role of AXL, a TAM family kinase receptor that was initially described as the entry receptor for ZIKV(10-22). Here, we show that while genetic ablation of AXL protected primary human astrocytes and astrocytoma cell lines from ZIKV infection, AXL knockout did not block the entry of ZIKV. We found, instead, that the presence of AXL attenuated the ZIKV-induced activation of type I interferon (IFN) signalling genes, including several type I IFNs and IFN-stimulating genes. Knocking out type I IFN receptor alpha chain (IFNAR1) restored the vulnerability of AXL knockout astrocytes to ZIKV infection. Further experiments suggested that AXL regulates the expression of SOCS1, a known type I IFN signalling suppressor, in a STAT1/STAT2-dependent manner. Collectively, our results demonstrate that AXL is unlikely to function as an entry receptor for ZIKV and may instead promote ZIKV infection in human astrocytes by antagonizing type I IFN signalling.
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| 5. |
- Chen, Jian, et al.
(författare)
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Zika virus infects renal proximal tubular epithelial cells with prolonged persistency and cytopathic effects
- 2017
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Ingår i: Emerging Microbes & Infections. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2222-1751. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zika virus (ZIKV) infection can cause fetal developmental abnormalities and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. Although progress has been made in understanding the link between ZIKV infection and microcephaly, the pathology of ZIKV, particularly the viral reservoirs in human, remains poorly understood. Several studies have shown that compared to serum samples, patients' urine samples often have a longer duration of ZIKV persistency and higher viral load. This finding suggests that an independent viral reservoir may exist in the human urinary system. Despite the clinical observations, the host cells of ZIKV in the human urinary system are poorly characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that ZIKV can infect renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTEpiCs) in immunodeficient mice in vivo and in both immortalized and primary human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (hRPTEpiCs) in vitro. Importantly, ZIKV infection in mouse kidneys caused caspase-3-mediated apoptosis of renal cells. Similarly, in vitro infection of immortalized and primary hRPTEpiCs resulted in notable cytopathic effects. Consistent with the clinical observations, we found that ZIKV infection can persist with prolonged duration in hRPTEpiCs. RNA-Seq analyses of infected hRPTEpiCs revealed a large number of transcriptional changes in response to ZIKV infection, including type I interferon signaling genes and anti-viral response genes. Our results suggest that hRPTEpiCs are a potential reservoir of ZIKV in the human urinary system, providing a possible explanation for the prolonged persistency of ZIKV in patients' urine.
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| 6. |
- Chen, Yifeng, et al.
(författare)
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Developing aqueous porous carbons for biogas upgrading
- 2024
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Ingår i: Separation and Purification Technology. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1383-5866 .- 1873-3794. ; 329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing novel sorbents is essential for biogas upgrading. In this study, mixed sorbents of aqueous porous carbons were developed to separate CO2 from the biogas, where the porous carbon with the developed micropore structure was identified as the most desirable constituent. Both thermodynamics and kinetics were studied experimentally, and Henry’s constant (KH) and the liquid-side mass-transfer coefficient (kL) of CO2 in the mixed sorbent as well as the selectivity of CO2/CH4 were obtained accordingly. Furthermore, the CO2 separation performance was evaluated with a proposed index, and the cost of biogas upgrading using the mixed sorbent was estimated and compared. The results showed that the porous carbon with the developed micropore structure led to better performance on KH and kL of CO2 in the mixed sorbent, and the mixed sorbent with 3.03 wt% porous carbon exhibited the best CO2 separation performance, reducing 36.2 % in cost compared to the current technologies.
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| 7. |
- Chen, Yifeng, et al.
(författare)
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Kinetics study and performance evaluation of a hybrid choline-glycine/polyethylene glycol/water absorbent for CO2 separation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Separation and Purification Technology. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1383-5866 .- 1873-3794. ; 304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thermodynamic and kinetic properties of absorbents are beneficial in evaluating their CO2 separation performance. In this study, the kinetic properties of CO2 in a hybrid choline-glycine/polyethylene glycol/water absorbent, including the liquid-side mass-transfer coefficient, enhancement factor, and reaction rate constant, were systematically determined through experimental measurements and data processing. Furthermore, an index referred to as “absorbility” was proposed to combine the kinetic properties determined in this study with the thermodynamic properties obtained in our previous study to evaluate the CO2 separation performance. Additionally, the regeneration performance of the hybrid absorbent was also conducted. The results show that the performance of the hybrid absorbent (30 wt% [Cho][Gly] + 10 wt% PEG200 + 60 wt% H2O) is comparable to that of aqueous monoethanolamine, and is thus promising for CO2 separation, considering its low regeneration temperature and low environmental impact.
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| 8. |
- Ding, Jiangwei, et al.
(författare)
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All Roads Lead to Rome? : Genes Causing Dravet Syndrome and Dravet Syndrome-Like Phenotypes
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Neurology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-2295. ; 13
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Dravet syndrome (DS) is a severe epileptic encephalopathy mainly caused by haploinsufficiency of the gene SCN1A, which encodes the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1. 1 in the brain. While SCN1A mutations are known to be the primary cause of DS, other genes that may cause DS are poorly understood. Several genes with pathogenic mutations result in DS or DS-like phenotypes, which may require different drug treatment approaches. Therefore, it is urgent for clinicians, especially epilepsy specialists to fully understand these genes involved in DS in addition to SCN1A. Particularly for healthcare providers, a deep understanding of these pathogenic genes is useful in properly selecting and adjusting drugs in a more effective and timely manner.Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify genes other than SCN1A that may also cause DS or DS-like phenotypes. Methods: A comprehensive search of relevant Dravet syndrome and severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy was performed in PubMed, until December 1, 2021. Two independent authors performed the screening for potentially eligible studies. Disagreements were decided by a third, more professional researcher or by all three. The results reported by each study were narratively summarized.Results: A PubMed search yielded 5,064 items, and other sources search 12 records. A total of 29 studies published between 2009 and 2021 met the inclusion criteria. Regarding the included articles, seven studies on PCDH19, three on SCN2A, two on SCN8A, five on SCN1B, two on GABRA1, three on GABRB3, three on GABRG2, and three on STXBP1 were included. Only one study was recorded for CHD2, CPLX1, HCN1 and KCNA2, respectively. It is worth noting that a few articles reported on more than one epilepsy gene.Conclusion: DS is not only identified in variants of SCN1A, but other genes such as PCDH19, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCN1B, GABRA1, GABRB3, GABRG2, KCNA2, CHD2, CPLX1, HCN1A, STXBP1 can also be involved in DS or DS-like phenotypes. As genetic testing becomes more widely available, more genes associated with DS and DS-like phenotypes may be identified and gene-based diagnosis of subtypes of phenotypes in this spectrum may improve the management of these diseases in the future.
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| 9. |
- Jiang, Chongyang, et al.
(författare)
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Aprotic phosphonium‐based ionic liquid as electrolyte for high CO2 electroreduction to oxalate
- 2023
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Ingår i: AIChE Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0001-1541 .- 1547-5905. ; 69:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, a new CO2 electroreduction electrolyte system consisting of tetrabutylphosphonium 4-(methoxycarbonyl) phenol ([P4444][4-MF-PhO]) ionic liquid (IL) and acetonitrile (AcN) was designed to produce oxalate, and the electroreduction mechanism was studied. The results show that using the new IL-based electrolyte, the electroreduction system exhibits 93.8% Faradaic efficiency and 12.6 mA cm−2 partial current density of oxalate at −2.6 V. The formation rate of oxalate is 234.4 μmol cm−2 h−1, which is better than those reported in the literature. The mechanism study using density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveals that [P4444][4-MF-PhO] can effectively activate CO2 molecule through ester and phenoxy double active sites. In addition, in the phosphonium-based ionic environment, the potential barriers of the key intermediates *CO2− and *C2O42− are reduced by the induced electric field, which greatly facilitates the activation and conversion of CO2 molecule to oxalate.
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