| 1. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Strategic environmental assessment methodologies : applications within the energy sector
- 2003
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Ingår i: Environmental impact assessment review. - 0195-9255 .- 1873-6432. ; 23:1, s. 91-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is a procedural tool and within the framework of SEA, several different types of analytical tools can be used in the assessment. Several analytical tools are presented and their relation to SEA is discussed including methods for future studies, Life Cycle Assessment, Risk Assessment, Economic Valuation and Multi-Attribute Approaches. A framework for the integration of some analytical tools in the SEA process is suggested. It is noted that the available analytical tools primarily cover some types of environmental impacts related to emissions of pollutants. Tools covering impacts on ecosystems and landscapes are more limited. The relation between application and choice of analytical tools is discussed. It is suggested that SEAs used to support a choice between different alternatives require more quantitative methods, whereas SEAs used to identify critical aspects and suggest mitigation strategies can suffice with more qualitative methods. The possible and desired degree of site-specificity in the assessment can also influence the choice of methods. It is also suggested that values and world views can be of importance for judging whether different types of tools and results are meaningful and useful. Since values and world views differ between different stakeholders, consultation and understanding are important to ensure credibility and relevance.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ameur, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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SweGen : a whole-genome data resource of genetic variability in a cross-section of the Swedish population
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 25:11, s. 1253-1260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we describe the SweGen data set, a comprehensive map of genetic variation in the Swedish population. These data represent a basic resource for clinical genetics laboratories as well as for sequencing-based association studies by providing information on genetic variant frequencies in a cohort that is well matched to national patient cohorts. To select samples for this study, we first examined the genetic structure of the Swedish population using high-density SNP-array data from a nation-wide cohort of over 10 000 Swedish-born individuals included in the Swedish Twin Registry. A total of 1000 individuals, reflecting a cross-section of the population and capturing the main genetic structure, were selected for whole-genome sequencing. Analysis pipelines were developed for automated alignment, variant calling and quality control of the sequencing data. This resulted in a genome-wide collection of aggregated variant frequencies in the Swedish population that we have made available to the scientific community through the website https://swefreq.nbis.se. A total of 29.2 million single-nucleotide variants and 3.8 million indels were detected in the 1000 samples, with 9.9 million of these variants not present in current databases. Each sample contributed with an average of 7199 individual-specific variants. In addition, an average of 8645 larger structural variants (SVs) were detected per individual, and we demonstrate that the population frequencies of these SVs can be used for efficient filtering analyses. Finally, our results show that the genetic diversity within Sweden is substantial compared with the diversity among continental European populations, underscoring the relevance of establishing a local reference data set.
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| 4. |
- Branca, Rui M. M., et al.
(författare)
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HiRIEF LC-MSMS enables deep proteome coverage and unbiased proteogenomics
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Methods. - 1548-7091 .- 1548-7105. ; 11:1, s. 59-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS)-based method permitting unbiased (gene prediction-independent) genome-wide discovery of protein-coding loci in higher eukaryotes. Using high-resolution isoelectric focusing (HiRIEF) at the peptide level in the 3.7-5.0 pH range and accurate peptide isoelectric point (pI) prediction, we probed the six-reading-frame translation of the human and mouse genomes and identified 98 and 52 previously undiscovered protein-coding loci, respectively. The method also enabled deep proteome coverage, identifying 13,078 human and 10,637 mouse proteins.
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| 5. |
- Ekstedt, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Consistent enterprise software system architecture for the CIO : a utility-cost based approach
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2004. - 0769520561
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previously, business operations of most large companies were supported by a number of isolated software systems performing diverse specific tasks, from real-time process control to administrative functions. In order to better achieve business goals, these systems have in recent years been extended, and more importantly, integrated into a company-wide system in its own right, the enterprise software system. Due to its history, this system is composed of a considerable number of heterogeneous and poorly understood components interacting by means of equally diverse and confusing connectors. To enable informed decision-making, the Chief Information Officer (CIO), responsible for the overall evolution of the company's enterprise software system, requires management tools. This paper proposes enterprise software system architecture (ESSA) as a foundation for an approach for managing the company's software system portfolio. In order to manage the overwhelming information amounts associated with the enterprise software system, this approach is based on two concepts. Firstly, the approach explicitly relates the utility of knowledge to the cost of its acquisition. The utility of knowledge is derived from the increased value of better-informed decision-making. The cost of knowledge acquisition is primarily related to the resources spent on information searching. Secondly, the approach focuses on ensuring the consistency of the architectural model.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Enroth, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental indicators in the newspaper industry
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Graphica. - 0353-4707 .- 1848-3828. ; 15:3-4, s. 105-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental indicators promote the eco-efficient development of companies, as demonstrated in earlier study. This study builds on a previously developed model and inventory tools for industry specific environmental indicators for the graphic arts industry.This study is based on case studies from 14 newspaper companies with experience of the use of theseindustry-specific environmental indicators in actual production.This paper presents data on industry-specific environmental indicators for the newspaper industry.The data describes the average situation and the range of values for the indicators in 14 environmentally aware newspaper companies in Sweden in 2001. The data is also grouped so as toillustrate average values for various classes:Newspaper companies with printing facilities. Newspaper companies with no printing facilities. Newspaper printing companies.In addition, a preliminary comparison has been carried out using equivalent data for the commercial printing industry.The indicators calculated for each specific company, together with average values for these indicators, have been used to identify areas for action for the various companies and to formulate action plans. The aim of this is to promote more eco-efficient activities. The study also summarizes measures already implemented at the various companies.The use of indicators within these companies has been linked with the current and predicted futureeed to communicate environmental issues. Financial and social aspects have been considered to alimited extent in the study in order to put forward the concept of sustainable development in the newspaper industry in Sweden.
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| 8. |
- Filonova, Lada, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping of crystalline cellulose and mannan on the surfaces of wood tissues and pulp fibers using carbohydrate binding modules
- 2007
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 8:1, s. 91-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) are noncatalytic substrate binding domains of many enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Here we used fluorescent labeled recombinant CBMs specific for crystalline cellulose (CBM1(HjCel7A)) and mannans (CBM27(TmMan5) and CBM35(CjMan5C)) to analyze the complex surfaces of wood tissues and pulp fibers. The crystalline cellulose CBM1(HjCel7A) was found as a reliable marker of both bacterially produced and plant G-layer cellulose, and labeling of spruce pulp fibers with CBM1(HjCel7A) revealed a signal that increased with degree of fiber damage. The mannan-specific CBM27(TmMan5) and CBM35(CjMan5C) CBMs were found to be more specific reagents than a monoclonal antibody specific for (1 -> 4)-beta-mannan/galacto-(1 -> 4)-beta-mannan for mapping carbohydrates on native substrates. We have developed a quantitative fluorometric method for analysis of crystalline cellulose accumulation on fiber surfaces and shown a quantitative difference in crystalline cellulose binding sites in differently processed pulp fibers. Our results indicated that CBMs provide useful, novel tools for monitoring changes in carbohydrate content of nonuniform substrate surfaces, for example, during wood or pulping processes and possibly fiber biosynthesis.
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| 9. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Life cycle assessment of energy from solid waste - part 1 : general methodology and results
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 13:3, s. 213-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The overall goal of the present study is to evaluate different strategies for treatment of solid waste in Sweden based on a life cycle perspective. Important goals are to identify advantages and disadvantages of different methods for treatment of solid waste, and to identify critical factors in the systems, including the background systems, which may significantly influence the results. Included in the study are landfilling, incineration, recycling, digestion and composting. The waste fractions considered are the combustible and recyclable or compostable fractions of municipal solid waste. The methodology used is life cycle assessment (LCA). The results can be used for policy decisions as well as strategic decisions on waste management systems. A waste hierarchy suggesting the environmental preference of recycling over incineration over landfilling is often put forward and used in waste policy making. LCAs can be used to test the waste hierarchy and identify situations where the hierarchy is not valid. Our results indicate that the waste hierarchy is valid as a rule of thumb. The results also suggest that a policy promoting recycling of paper and plastic materials, preferably combined with policies promoting the use of plastics replacing plastics made from virgin materials, leads to decreased use of total energy and emissions of gases contributing to global warming. If the waste can replace oil or coal as energy sources, and neither biofuels nor natural gas are alternatives, a policy promoting incineration of paper materials may be successful in reducing emissions of greenhouse gases.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Jimmy, et al.
(författare)
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NMR-measurements for determination of local moisture content of coated wood
- 2013
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Ingår i: JCT Research. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 1547-0091 .- 2168-8028. ; 10:5, s. 601-607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Local increased moisture content (MC) in wood constructions may result in different kinds of mechanical and, especially, biological degrading problems. Therefore, it is of great importance to control the MC of the material. However, there is at present no appropriate method for determining local MC in wood without destroying the product itself. Nondestructive measurements of local MC in wood is significant for the possibility of, for instance, monitoring the in situ MC in wood constructions over time, and thereby predicting potential problems. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique has been shown to be valuable for the measurement of MC in wood. In this study, the possibility of utilizing this technique for local MC measurement in wood has been tested on wood samples exposed to water absorption for 72 h. The samples came from three different wood species treated with paint systems available on the market. In the wood samples an artificial “crack” had been created in the paint to introduce an area where the water could easily gain access to the wood. The results show the possibility of using the NMR technique for local MC measurements in wood. The measurement area, however, must be related to the properties of the material. In the case of wood, the measurement spot must be related to the early/latewood proportions. Further, a calibration of the NMR measurement must be made in relation to the expected density variations of the material.
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