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Sökning: WFRF:(Johansson A) > Malmö universitet

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1.
  • Divaris, K., et al. (författare)
  • Phenotype Harmonization in the GLIDE2 Oral Health Genomics Consortium
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Dental Research. - : Sage Publications. - 0022-0345 .- 1544-0591. ; 101:11, s. 1408-1416
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Genetic risk factors play important roles in the etiology of oral, dental, and craniofacial diseases. Identifying the relevant risk loci and understanding their molecular biology could highlight new prevention and management avenues. Our current understanding of oral health genomics suggests that dental caries and periodontitis are polygenic diseases, and very large sample sizes and informative phenotypic measures are required to discover signals and adequately map associations across the human genome. In this article, we introduce the second wave of the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Dental Endpoints consortium (GLIDE2) and discuss relevant data analytics challenges, opportunities, and applications. In this phase, the consortium comprises a diverse, multiethnic sample of over 700,000 participants from 21 studies contributing clinical data on dental caries experience and periodontitis. We outline the methodological challenges of combining data from heterogeneous populations, as well as the data reduction problem in resolving detailed clinical examination records into tractable phenotypes, and describe a strategy that addresses this. Specifically, we propose a 3-tiered phenotyping approach aimed at leveraging both the large sample size in the consortium and the detailed clinical information available in some studies, wherein binary, severity-encompassing, and “precision,” data-driven clinical traits are employed. As an illustration of the use of data-driven traits across multiple cohorts, we present an application of dental caries experience data harmonization in 8 participating studies (N = 55,143) using previously developed permanent dentition tooth surface–level dental caries pattern traits. We demonstrate that these clinical patterns are transferable across multiple cohorts, have similar relative contributions within each study, and thus are prime targets for genetic interrogation in the expanded and diverse multiethnic sample of GLIDE2. We anticipate that results from GLIDE2 will decisively advance the knowledge base of mechanisms at play in oral, dental, and craniofacial health and disease and further catalyze international collaboration and data and resource sharing in genomics research.
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2.
  • Johansson, Sveneric, et al. (författare)
  • The FERRUM Project: New f-value Data for Fe II and Astrophysical Applications
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0281-1847 .- 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; T100, s. 71-80
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present the FERRUM Project, an international collaboration aiming at a production and evaluation of oscillator strengths (transition probabilities) of selected spectral lines of singly ionized iron group elements, that are of astrophysical relevance. The results obtained include measurements and calculations of permitted and forbidden lines of Fe II. The data have been applied to both emission and absorption lines in astrophysical spectra. We make comparisons between experimental, theoretical and astrophysical f-values. We give a general review of the various measurements, and discuss the UV8 multiplet of Fe II around 1610 Šin detail.
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3.
  • Johansson, C.B., et al. (författare)
  • 3.16 Histological Analysis
  • 2017. - 2
  • Ingår i: Comprehensive Biomaterials II. - : Elsevier. - 9780081006924 ; , s. 335-363
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • All devices are recognized as foreign body materials once inserted in the living body, and they will all cause foreign body reactions. To determine the degree of integration, both qualitative and quantitative data are obtained by examining histological sections. This technique is the state of the art and has been so for decades. Quantitative analysis is important, but one cannot solely rely on data that computer programs rather rapidly generate. The qualitative examinations are of utmost importance. Tissue which has been properly fixed, processed, and maintained in the laboratories can be used for a broad range of histological analysis. This chapter presents some qualitative and quantitative state-of-the-art techniques used in relation to bone tissue analyses around biomaterials. Methods are described from fixation of tissue, preparation of sections, routine and new techniques adjusted to state-of-the-art techniques, and some complementary techniques. The importance of investigating the tissue reactions in various levels, from light microscopic to molecular, such as the localization of proteins as well as some quantification methods will be presented. In the future, we foresee even more complementary techniques to obtain more information regarding this tissue.
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4.
  • Reigstad, O, et al. (författare)
  • Different patterns of bone fixation with hydroxyapatite and resorbable CaP coatings in the rabbit tibia at 6, 12, and 52 weeks
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B - Applied biomaterials. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1552-4973 .- 1552-4981. ; 99B:1, s. 14-20
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Applying bioactive coatings on orthopedic implants can increase the fixation and long-term implant survival. In our study, we compared a resorbable electrochemically deposited calcium phosphate coating (Bonit®) to a thin (40 μm) plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coating, applied on grit-blasted screw-shaped Ti-6Al-4V implants in the cortical region of rabbit tibia, implanted for 6, 12, and 52 weeks. The removal torque results demonstrated stronger bone-to-implant fixation for the HA than Bonit-coated screws at 6 and 12 weeks. After 52 weeks, the fixation was in favor of the Bonit-coated screws, but the difference was statistically insignificant. Coat flaking and delamination of the HA with multinucleated giant cell activity and bone resorption observed histologically seemed to preclude any significant increase in fixation comparing the HA implants at 6 versus 12 weeks and 12 versus 52 weeks. The Bonit-coated implants exhibited increasing fixation from 6 to 12 weeks and from 12 to 52 weeks, and the coat was resorbed within 6 weeks, with minimal activity of multinucleated giant cells or bone resorption. A different fixation pattern was observed for the two coatings with a sharper but time limited increase in fixation for the HA-coated screws, and a slower but more steadily increasing fixation pattern for the Bonit-coated screws. The side effects were more serious for the HA coating and limiting the expected increase in fixation with time.
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5.
  • Brandt, JC, et al. (författare)
  • A Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph atlas of echelle observations of the HgMn star chi Lupi
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: The Astronomical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-3881 .- 0004-6256. ; 117:3, s. 1505-1548
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Observations of the ultra-sharp-lined, chemically peculiar star chi Lupi taken by the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph in echelle mode are presented. Thirty-six intervals of the spectral region between 1249 and 2688 Angstrom are covered with resolving powers in the range 75,000-93,000. Line identifications are provided, and the observed spectra are compared with synthetic spectra calculated using the SYNTHE program and associated line lists with changes to the line lists. The significance of these spectra for the chi Lupi Pathfinder Project and the closely related atomic physics effort is discussed in a companion paper.
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6.
  • Diogo Löfgren, Christina, et al. (författare)
  • The Challenge of Measuring Viscoelastic Properties of Human Whole Saliva to Fit Clinical Purpose
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Oral and Dental Health. - : ClinMed International. - 2469-5734. ; 1:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To understand the protective functions of saliva secreted from different glands in the masticatory process, it is of interest to study its viscoelastic properties. Characterization of saliva samples are not that easily performed in a clinical setting, since most of the experimental techniques and instruments available are developed for research purposes. The aim of this study was to characterize how the viscoelastic properties of saliva can be measured and monitored using two laboratory instruments. Unstimulated whole saliva from 11 healthy volunteers was characterized using two instruments, an ARES-G2 rheometer and a Bohlin Oscillating Cup Rheometer. Measurements performed on unstimulated human whole saliva showed that the ARES rheometer will in linear viscoelastic conditions of the sample give absolute viscoelastic numbers of undisturbed saliva whilst the BOCR can be used to give an indication of gel strength, gel formation, and gel stability in viscoelastic samples being sheared in their non-linear viscoelastic region by introducing a Saliva Gel Strength Index, SGSI. Both methods clearly illustrate the presence of viscoelastic properties in saliva.
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7.
  • Hongxing, L, et al. (författare)
  • Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder pain in Chinese adolescents compared to an age-matched Swedish population.
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. - : John Wiley & Sons Ltd.. - 1365-2842 .- 0305-182X. ; 43:4, s. 241-248
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study aimed to (i) assess the prevalence and perceived need for treatment of TMD pain, and its association with socio-economic factors and gender, in adolescents in Xi᾽an, Shaanxi Province, China, and (ii) compare the prevalence and association with gender of TMD pain in Xi᾽an to an age-matched Swedish population. We surveyed Chinese adolescents aged 15 to 19 years in Xi'an, China (n = 5524), using a questionnaire with two-stage stratified sampling and the school as the sampling unit. The study included second-year students at selected high schools. It also included an age-matched Swedish population (n = 17,015) surveyed using the same diagnostic criteria for TMD pain as that used in the Chinese sample. The survey found TMD pain in 14·8% (n = 817) of the Chinese sample and 5·1% (n = 871) of the Swedish sample (P < 0·0001). Girls had significantly more TMD pain than boys in both the Chinese (P < 0·05) and Swedish (P < 0·001) samples. TMD pain increased with age in the Chinese population. Of the Chinese adolescents with TMD pain, 47% reported that they felt a need for treatment. Rural schools, low paternal education levels, poverty, living outside the home, poor general and oral health, and dissatisfaction with teeth all showed significant positive correlations with TMD pain. Prevalence of TMD pain in Chinese adolescents was significantly higher than in the Swedish sample.
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8.
  • Jevinger, Åse, et al. (författare)
  • Context-Aware Travel Support During Unplanned Public Transport Disturbances
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems. - Setúbal, Portugal : SciTePress. - 9789897586521 ; , s. 160-170
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper explores the possibilities and challenges of realizing a context-aware travel planner with bidirectional information exchange between the actor and the traveller during unplanned traffic disturbances. A prototype app is implemented and tested to identify potential benefits. The app uses data from open APIs, and beacons to detect the traveller context (which train or train platform the traveller is currently on). Alternative travel paths are presented to the user, and each alternative is associated with a certainty factor reflecting the reliability of the travel time prognoses. The paper also presents an interview study that investigates PT actors’ views on the potential use for actors and travellers of new information about certainty factors and travellers’ contexts, during unplanned traffic disturbances. The results show that this type of travel planner can be realized and that it enables travellers to find ways to reach their destination, in situations where the public t ravel planner only suggests infeasible travel paths. The value for the traveller of the certainty factors are also illustrated. Additionally, the results show that providing actors with information about traveller context and certainty factors opens up for the possibility of more advanced support for both the PT actor and the traveller.
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9.
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10.
  • Lorig, Fabian, et al. (författare)
  • A Simulation Study on Electric Last Mile Delivery with Mobile Smart Cargo Boxes
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2021. - Göttingen : Cuvillier Verlag. - 9783736974791 ; , s. 177-186
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The increasing popularity of e-commerce requires efficient solutions for the provision of last mile logistics. There are different approaches for delivering parcels, e.g., home delivery, service points, or parcel lockers, which have different advantages and disadvantages for customers and logistics providers in terms of flexibility, accessibility, and operating costs. We have studied a novel transportation solution where electric vehicles dynamically set up smart cargo boxes, from which customers can fetch their delivery at any time of the day. This provides customers with a more flexible access to their packages and allows the service provider to deliver the parcels more efficiently. In this article, we present the results of a feasibility study conducted in Västra Hamnen, Malmö (Sweden). The developed simulation model shows that smart boxes not only are a viable approach for efficient last mile deliveries, but also result in considerably smaller travel distances compared to conventional package delivery.
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