| 1. |
- Ahlin, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing nursing students’ knowledge and skills in performing venepuncture and inserting peripheral venous catheters
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 23, s. 8-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Venepuncture and the insertion of peripheral venous catheters are common tasks in health care, and training in these procedures is included in nursing programmes. Evidence of nursing students’ knowledge and skills in these procedures is limited. The main aim of this study was to assess nursing students’ knowledge and skills when performing venepuncture and inserting peripheral venous catheters. Potential associations between level of knowledge and skills, self-training, self-efficacy, and demographic characteristics were also investigated. The assessment was performed by lecturers at a university college in Sweden using the two previously tested instruments "Assess Venepuncture"€ and "Assess Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertion". Between 81% and 100% of steps were carried out correctly by the students. The step with the highest rating was "€œUses gloves", and lowest rating was "€˜Informs the patients about the possibility of obtaining local anaesthesia"€™. Significant correlations between degree of self-training and correct performance were found in the group of students who registered their self-training. No associations between demographic characteristics and correct performances were found. Assessing that students have achieved adequate levels of knowledge and skills in these procedures at different levels of the nursing education is of importance to prevent complications and support patient safety.
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| 2. |
- Bergkvist, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Pools and fluxes of carbon in three Norway spruce ecosystems along a climatic gradient in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Biogeochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-2563 .- 1573-515X. ; 89:1, s. 7-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an integrated analysis of organic carbon (C) pools in soils and vegetation, within-ecosystem fluxes and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in three 40-year old Norway spruce stands along a north-south climatic gradient in Sweden, measured 2001-2004. A process-orientated ecosystem model (CoupModel), previously parameterised on a regional dataset, was used for the analysis. Pools of soil organic carbon (SOC) and tree growth rates were highest at the southernmost site (1.6 and 2.0-fold, respectively). Tree litter production (litterfall and root litter) was also highest in the south, with about half coming from fine roots (< 1 mm) at all sites. However, when the litter input from the forest floor vegetation was included, the difference in total litter input rate between the sites almost disappeared (190-233 g C m(-2) year(-1)). We propose that a higher N deposition and N availability in the south result in a slower turnover of soil organic matter than in the north. This effect seems to overshadow the effect of temperature. At the southern site, 19% of the total litter input to the O horizon was leached to the mineral soil as dissolved organic carbon, while at the two northern sites the corresponding figure was approx. 9%. The CoupModel accurately described general C cycling behaviour in these ecosystems, reproducing the differences between north and south. The simulated changes in SOC pools during the measurement period were small, ranging from -8 g C m(-2) year(-1) in the north to +9 g C m(-2) year(-1) in the south. In contrast, NEE and tree growth measurements at the northernmost site suggest that the soil lost about 90 g C m(-2) year(-1).
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| 3. |
- Elväng, Annelie, et al.
(författare)
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Sequencing of a Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus from Ixodes ricinus Reveals a Thermosensitive RNA Switch Significant for Virus Propagation in Ectothermic Arthropods
- 2011
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Ingår i: Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1530-3667 .- 1557-7759. ; 11:6, s. 649-658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a flavivirus with major impact on global health. The geographical TBEV distribution is expanding, thus making it pivotal to further characterize the natural virus populations. In this study, we completed the earlier partial sequencing of a TBEV pulled out of a pool of RNA extracted from 115 ticks collected on Torö in the Stockholm archipelago. The total RNA was sufficient for all sequencing of a TBEV genome (Torö-2003), without conventional enrichment procedures such as cell culturing or suckling mice amplification. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the genome of TBEV has been sequenced directly from an arthropod reservoir. The Torö-2003 sequence has been characterized and compared with other TBE viruses. In silico analyses of secondary RNA structures formed by the two untranslated regions revealed a temperature-sensitive structural shift between a closed replicative form and an open AUG accessible form, analogous to a recently described bacterial thermoswitch. Additionally, novel phylogenetic conserved structures were identified in the variable part of the 3′-untranslated region, and their sequence and structure similarity when compared with earlier identified structures suggests an enhancing function on virus replication and translation. We propose that the thermo-switch mechanism may explain the low TBEV prevalence often observed in environmentally sampled ticks. Finally, we were able to detect variations that help in the understanding of virus adaptations to varied environmental temperatures and mammalian hosts through a comparative approach that compares RNA folding dynamics between strains with different mammalian cell passage histories.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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An analysis of Kautz-Volterra models for modeling block structure nonlinear systems
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kautz-Volterra (KV) models of some nonlinear systems were analyzed. The relationsbetween the true pole of the analyzed systems and the optimal pole of the KV modelswere analyzed. The properties of nonlinear systems depend on the order of thesubsystems, since nonlinear operators do not commute. Wiener (H-N) andHammerstein (N-H) systems were analyzed.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Work and health among native and foreign-born residents in Sweden 1990-2008 : a register-based study on hospitalization for common potentially work-related disorders, disability pension and mortality
- 2012
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 12:1, s. 845-854
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There are many immigrants in the Swedish workforce, but knowledge of their general and work-related health is limited. The aim of this register-based study was to explore whether documented migrant residents in Sweden have a different health status regarding receipt of a disability pension, mortality and hospitalization for lung, heart, psychiatric, and musculoskeletal disorders compared with the native population, and if there were variations in relation to sex, geographical origin, position on the labor market, and time since first immigration.Methods: This study included migrants to Sweden since 1960 who were 28-47 years old in 1990, and included 243 860 individuals. The comparison group comprised a random sample of 859 653 native Swedes. These cohorts were followed from 1991 to 2008 in national registers. The immigrants were divided into four groups based on geographic origin. Hazard ratios for men and women from different geographic origins and with different employment status were analyzed separately for the six outcomes, with adjustment for age, education level, and income. The influence of length of residence in Sweden was analyzed separately.Results: Nordic immigrants had increased risks for all investigated outcomes while most other groups had equal or lower risks for those outcomes than the Swedes. The lowest HRs were found in the EU 15+ group (from western Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand). All groups, except Nordic immigrants, had lower risk of mortality, but all had higher risk of disability pension receipt compared with native Swedes. Unemployed non-Nordic men displayed equal or lower HRs for most outcomes, except disability pension receipt, compared with unemployed Swedish men. A longer time since first immigration improved the health status of men, while women showed opposite results.Conclusions: Employment status and length of residence are important factors for health. The contradictory results of low mortality and high disability pension risks need more attention. There is great potential to increase the knowledge in this field in Sweden, because of the high quality registers.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Kågström, Jonas, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Påverka beteende genom systematisk återkoppling
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kunskapen om hur vi kommunicerar med våra invånare hur man ska hantera sitt avfall är god. Men vi behöver mer kunskap om beteendepåverkan genom systematisk återkoppling till individen. Det finns heller ingen sammanställning över goda exempel om sådan återkoppling. Detta projekt syftar till att öka kännedomen om systematisk återkoppling och hur detta kan användas för att nå målen enligt avfallstrappan.
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| 8. |
- Lindberg, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Competencies for practice in renal care : a national delphi study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Renal Care. - : Wiley. - 1755-6678 .- 1755-6686. ; 38:2, s. 69-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe essential competencies relevant for professional renal nursing in Sweden. A Delphi study with four rounds was conducted from November 2008 to April 2009. A national sample of renal nurses was used to achieve consensus about the core competencies required. The 43 competencies were reviewed for face validity by external experts representing general nursing, renal nursing, stakeholders and nephrologists. The core competencies were categorised in nine areas according to their structure; nursing and medical science, information and teaching, examinations and therapies, promoting health and preventing ill health, palliative care, safety and quality, care environment, research and development and management and cooperation in the patient care pathway. Altogether these categories represent a national description of competence in renal nursing.
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| 9. |
- Vingård, Eva
(författare)
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Psykisk ohälsa, arbetsliv och sjukfrånvaro : en kunskapsöversikt
- 2015
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kunskapsöversikten visar att det finns ett vetenskapligt samband mellan arbete, psykisk ohälsa och sjukskrivning. Riskfaktorer i arbetslivet är psykiskt ansträngande arbete, höga krav, låg kontroll, obalans mellan ansträngning och belöning, samt rollkonflikter. God kontroll och rättvisa ger minskad risk för sjukskrivning på grund av psykisk ohälsa.Det vetenskapliga underlaget för vilken åtgärd som är mest effektiv vid återgång i arbete efter en sjukskrivning på grund av psykisk ohälsa är svagt. Kunskaps- översikten visar dock tydligt att arbetsplatsen måste vara involverad för att medarbetaren ska komma tillbaka i arbete på ett bra sätt. Det finns flera vetenskapligt dokumenterade friskfaktorer i arbetet som kan minska risken för psykisk ohälsa och som bör användas i det förebyggande arbetet.Kunskapsöversikten visar också att effekten på den psykiska hälsan är likartad när kvinnor och män utsätts för samma faktorer i arbetet.
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