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Sökning: WFRF:(Jones I) > (2000-2004) > Linköpings universitet

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1.
  • Martin-Sanchez, F., et al. (författare)
  • Synergy between medical informatics and bioinformatics : Facilitating genomic medicine for future health care
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Informatics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-0464 .- 1532-0480. ; 37:1, s. 30-42
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper, we review the results of BIOINFOMED, a study funded by the European Commission (EC) with the purpose to analyse the different issues and challenges in the area where Medical Informatics and Bioinformatics meet. Traditionally, Medical Informatics has been focused on the intersection between computer science and clinical medicine, whereas Bioinformatics have been predominantly centered on the intersection between computer science and biological research. Although researchers from both areas have occasionally collaborated, their training, objectives and interests have been quite different. The results of the Human Genome and related projects have attracted the interest of many professionals, and introduced new challenges that will transform biomedical research and health care. A characteristic of the 'post genomic' era will be to correlate essential genotypic information with expressed phenotypic information. In this context, Biomedical Informatics (BMI) has emerged to describe the technology that brings both disciplines (BI and MI) together to support genomic medicine. In recognition of the dynamic nature of BMI, institutions such as the EC have launched several initiatives in support of a research agenda, including the BIOINFOMED study.
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2.
  • Berlow, E.L., et al. (författare)
  • Interaction strengths in food webs : Issues and opportunities
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Journal of Animal Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0021-8790 .- 1365-2656. ; 73:3, s. 585-598
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • 1. Recent efforts to understand how the patterning of interaction strength affects both structure and dynamics in food webs have highlighted several obstacles to productive synthesis. Issues arise with respect to goals and driving questions, methods and approaches, and placing results in the context of broader ecological theory. 2. Much confusion stems from lack of clarity about whether the questions posed relate to community-level patterns or to species dynamics, and to what authors actually mean by the term 'interaction strength'. Here, we describe the various ways in which this term has been applied and discuss the implications of loose terminology and definition for the development of this field. 3. Of particular concern is the clear gap between theoretical and empirical investigations of interaction strengths and food web dynamics. The ecological community urgently needs to explore new ways to estimate biologically reasonable model coefficients from empirical data, such as foraging rates, body size, metabolic rate, biomass distribution and other species traits. 4. Combining numerical and analytical modelling approaches should allow exploration of the conditions under which different interaction strengths metrics are interchangeable with regard to relative magnitude, system responses, and species identity. 5. Finally, the prime focus on predator-prey links in much of the research to date on interaction strengths in food webs has meant that the potential significance of nontrophic interactions, such as competition, facilitation and biotic disturbance, has been largely ignored by the food web community. Such interactions may be important dynamically and should be routinely included in future food web research programmes.
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4.
  • Klockhoff, H, et al. (författare)
  • Faster absorption of ethanol and higher peak concentration in women after gastric bypass surgery
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 0306-5251 .- 1365-2125. ; 54:6, s. 587-591
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aims: To investigate the absorption, distribution and elimination of ethanol in women with abnormal gut as a result of gastric bypass surgery. Patients who undergo gastric bypass for morbid obesity complain of increased sensitivity to the effects of alcohol after the operation. Methods: Twelve healthy women operated for morbid obesity at least 3 years earlier were recruited. Twelve other women closely matched in terms of age and body mass index (BMI) served as the control group. After an overnight fast each subject drank 95% v/v ethanol (0.30 g kg-1 body weight) as a bolus dose. The ethanol was diluted with orange juice to 20% v/v and finished in 5 min. Specimens of venous blood were taken from an indwelling catheter before drinking started and every 10 min for up to 3.5 h post-dosing. The blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was determined by headspace gas chromatography. Results: The maximum blood-ethanol concentration (Cmax) was 0.741 ▒ 0.211 g l-1 (▒ s.d.) in the operated group compared with 0.577 ▒ 0.112 g l-1 in the controls (mean difference 0.164 g l-1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.021, 0.307). The median time to peak (tmax) was 10 min in the bypass patients compared with 30 min in controls (median difference -15 min (95% CI -10, -20 min). At 10 and 20 min post-dosing the BAC was higher in the bypass patients (P < 0.05) but not at 30 min and all later times (P > 0.05). Other pharmacokinetic parameters of ethanol were not significantly different between the two groups of women (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The higher sensitivity to ethanol after gastric bypass surgery probably reflects the more rapid absorption of ethanol leading to higher Cmax and earlier tmax. The marked reduction in body weight after the operation might also be a factor to consider if the same absolute quantity of ethanol is consumed.
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5.
  • Murin, L.I., et al. (författare)
  • Isotopic effects on vibrational modes of thermal double donors in Si and Ge
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Physica. B, Condensed matter. - 0921-4526 .- 1873-2135. ; 308-310, s. 290-293
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The local vibrational modes of thermal double donors in Si and Ge are investigated by FTIR and ab initio modelling. At most, two oxygen modes are detected from each donor, which exhibit regular shifts with increasing donor number. By using mixtures of 16O and 18O, it is found that in Si the upper band does not yield any new modes suggesting that any oxygen atom is decoupled from any other. However, the lower frequency bands exhibit unique mixed modes proving for the first time that oxygen atoms are coupled together and in close spatial proximity. Ab initio calculations demonstrate that the modes and their isotopic shifts are consistent with a model involving two parallel chains of oxygen atoms linking second neighbour Si atoms, terminated by O-atoms close to the normal position for interstitial O. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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