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- Jones, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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The Impact of Application System Messages on the Usability of Healthcare Software Applications
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 IEEE 29th International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS). - : IEEE. - 9781467390361 ; , s. 306-311
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quality and impact of application system messages (ASMs) is an important yet neglected area of human computer interaction (HCI) in healthcare. Complex, techni- cal, uninformative ASMs contribute towards user frustration, lack of acceptance, may lead to interruptions in healthcare workflow, and impact patient safety. ASMs refer to messages displayed within a software application and includes error messages, alerts, reminders and exception technical error messages.We report on a usability evaluation and users’ attitudes to system messages in order to inform recommendations for ASM design. A descriptive two part study incorporates a questionnaire and a system usability evaluation of 23 error messages, sourced from four healthcare software applications.The majority of participants (56%) indicate that constructive advice within ASMs is insufficient and 48% experience an interruption to workflow as a consequence of the delivery and display of ASMs. Messages evaluated are explicit (95%) and visible (90%) while consistency (68%) and politeness (48%) could be improved. The ASMs encountered lack constructive advice (32%), are imprecise (23%) and do not attempt to reduce workload. All respondents agree that there is a need for system consistency and 92% have preference for consistency of ASM presentation.We conclude that the elimination of inappropriate interrup- tions to users will improve healthcare efficiency, and reduce risks to patient safety. A healthcare application that relays constructive advice, is consistent in the implementation of ASMs and is considerate of workflow should ensure a more positive user experience, and improve technology acceptance among healthcare professionals.
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- Sousa, Ronaldo, et al.
(författare)
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The role of anthropogenic habitats in freshwater mussel conservation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 27, s. 2298-2314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anthropogenic freshwater habitats may provide undervalued prospects for long-term conservation as part of species conservation planning. This fundamental, but overlooked, issue requires attention considering the pace that humans have been altering natural freshwater ecosystems and the accelerated levels of biodiversity decline in recent decades. We compiled 709 records of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) inhabiting a broad variety of anthropogenic habitat types (from small ponds to large reservoirs and canals) and reviewed their importance as refuges for this faunal group. Most records came from Europe and North America, with a clear dominance of canals and reservoirs. The dataset covered 228 species, including 34 threatened species on the IUCN Red List. We discuss the conservation importance and provide guidance on how these anthropogenic habitats could be managed to provide optimal conservation value to freshwater mussels. This review also shows that some of these habitats may function as ecological traps owing to conflicting management practices or because they act as a sink for some populations. Therefore, anthropogenic habitats should not be seen as a panacea to resolve conservation problems. More information is necessary to better understand the trade-offs between human use and the conservation of freshwater mussels (and other biota) within anthropogenic habitats, given the low number of quantitative studies and the strong biogeographic knowledge bias that persists.
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- Stoler, A. B., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a common insecticide on wetland communities with varying quality of leaf litter inputs
- 2017
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 226, s. 452-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemical contamination of aquatic systems often co-occurs with dramatic changes in surrounding terrestrial vegetation. Plant leaf litter serves as a crucial resource input to many freshwater systems, and changes in litter species composition can alter the attributes of freshwater communities. However, little is known how variation in litter inputs interacts with chemical contaminants. We investigated the ecological effects resulting from changes in tree leaf litter inputs to freshwater communities, and how those changes might interact with the timing of insecticide contamination. Using the common insecticide malathion, we hypothesized that inputs of nutrient-rich and labile leaf litter (e.g., elm [Ulmus spp.] or maple [Acer spp.]) would reduce the negative effects of insecticides on wetland communities relative to inputs of recalcitrant litter (e.g., oak [Quercus spp.]). We exposed artificial wetland communities to a factorial combination of three litter species treatments (elm, maple, and oak) and four insecticide treatments (no insecticide, small weekly doses of 10 mu g L-1, and either early or late large doses of 50 mu g L-1). Communities consisted of microbes, algae, snails, amphipods, zooplankton, and two species of tadpoles. After two months, we found that maple and elm litter generally induced greater primary and secondary production. Insecticides induced a reduction in the abundance of amphipods and some zooplankton species, and increased phytoplanlcton. In addition, we found interactive effects of litter species and insecticide treatments on amphibian responses, although specific effects depended on application regime. Specifically, with the addition of insecticide, elm and maple litter induced a reduction in gray tree frog survival, oak and elm litter delayed tree frog metamorphosis, and oak and maple litter reduced green frog tadpole mass. Our results suggest that attention to local forest composition, as well as the timing of pesticide application might help ameliorate the harmful effects of pesticides observed in freshwater systems. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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