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| 2. |
- Jonsson, Anders, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of carbon sources and micronutrients in whey and fermented whey on the kinetics of phenanthrene biodegradation in diesel contaminated soil
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3894 .- 1873-3336. ; 192:3, s. 1171-1177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper demonstrates significant effects on phenanthrene degradation in diesel contaminated soil by the addition of organic amendments such as whey and fermented whey. Both amount of amendment added and mode of administration was shown to be decisive. There was a strong positive effect on the 14C-mineralization of phenanthrene by multiple (bi-weekly) additions of fermented whey 210mgdwkg-1 soil dw (FW multi) and also by single dose addition of 2100mg dw sweet whey kg-1 soil dw (SW high). The most prominent effects on phenanthrene degradation kinetics were a five to fifteen fold increase in the linear growth term (k2) and a 23-27% increase in bioavailability factor S0 for SW high and FW multi respectively. Also, total mineralization at the end of the experiment increased from 46% in the control to 66 and 71% respectively and the lag time was reduced from 21 to 15 days by multiple addition of fermented whey. The most significant stimulating effects on phenanthrene degradation kinetics could be attributed to lactate and vitamins. This study demonstrates a more complex dependence of carbon sources and growth factors for an aromatic compound such as phenanthrene in comparison to hexadecane.
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| 3. |
- Kruys, Nicholas, et al.
(författare)
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Wood-inhabiting cryptogams on dead Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees in managed Swedish boreal forests
- 1999
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. - 0045-5067. ; 29:2, s. 178-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We surveyed the quantity and quality of dead Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) trees and wood-inhabiting cryptogams in a managed boreal forest landscape in northern Sweden. Size and decay of dead trees was related to substrate utilization by wood-inhabiting species. Coarse woody debris (CWD) was surveyed along 34 strip transects. CWD and wood-inhabiting cryptogams were surveyed in eight circular plots at each site. A total of 6195 spruce CWD units occurred along strip transects and 809 spruce CWD units in circular plots. On average 2.2 m3/ha spruce CWD was found on the plots. The majority (63%) of the transect CWD units were <10 cm diameter and in early to intermediate decay stages. Sixty-eight wood-specific species of fungi, lichens, mosses, and hepatics occurred on the plots. Of these, 13 occurred on 5% of the 809 CWD units surveyed for wood-inhabiting species. Eight species occur on the Swedish red lists, indicating that such species are indeed uncommon in managed forests. Red-listed species showed strong preferences for large diameter CWD and CWD in late decay stages, i.e., substrates that are poorly represented in managed forests. Frequently occurring species, however, showed utilization patterns that correspond with the distribution of the substrate types.
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| 4. |
- Nilsson, Hans-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of moisture sensor based on printed Carbon-Zinc energy cell
- 2005
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Ingår i: Polytronic 2005: 5th International Conference on Polymers and Adhesives in Microelectronics and Photonics - Proceedings. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE conference proceedings. - 0780395530 ; , s. 82-85
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we present a simple printed moisture sensor fabricated using electronic inks on a multilayer paper structure. The sensor is based on a Carbon-Zinc type energy cell and provides power to a readout electronic circuit when activated by moisture. The sensors are based on a number of our filed patents according to which the sensor is used for both event detection and as a power source for the processing electronics. Typical applications are moisture and leakage detection in buildings, water pipe lines, smart packages and health care systems such as smart incontinence sensors. As the detector is triggered, it powers up an electronic circuit (polymer based or silicon based) that starts communication with the alarm server. In the simplest systems a sound or a light alarm is started to alert the user. In this work we present a characterization of some critical parameters of the sensor such as power driving capability, linearity, internal memory effects and saturation. In addition, we examine a specific application, when sensor is used as defrosting alarm for surveillance of frozen articles during transport.
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| 5. |
- Sidén, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Electric and Electromagnetic Coupled Sensor Components for Passive RFID
- 2011
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Ingår i: 2011 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronic Systems, COMCAS 2011. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781457716928 ; , s. 1-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work discuss the possibilities of integrating passive sensor components to passive UHF RFID tags. The sensor system works by degrading a tag's communication performance in proportion to a sensed quantity. Two approaches are studied, sensors directly integrated to tag antenna structures and sensors electromagnetically coupled to tag antennas. The em coupled sensors provide the possibility to produce small sensor components as easily applied add-ons to ordinary commercial RFID tags.
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| 6. |
- Östberg, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced biodegradation of diesel fuel hydrocarbons in soil by the addition of fermented whey
- 2005
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Industrial organic byproducts such as whey or fermented whey contain easily accessible carbon and micronutrients which could be used to stimulate microbial degradation of hazardous organic contaminants in soil. In this work we have investigated the possibility to use fermented whey as a growth supplement to enhance the aerobic degradation of diesel fuel hydrocarbons in soil. Experiments were carried out with two soils, a sand soil and a loamy sand soil, contaminated with diesel fuel at a concentration of 5000 mg kg-1 soil dry weight (dw). Fermented whey was added at different dosages to nutrient amended soil microcosms. Petroleum hydrocarbon mineralization was monitored by analysis of evolved 14CO2 from added 14C-labeled n-hexadecane. Mineralization curves were fitted to a three-half-order kinetics model. Enhanced mineralization was observed in sand soil at 7 and 22C and in loamy sand soil at 22C but the stimulatory effect was most pronounced in the sand soil at 22C, where the addition of 6 and 60 ml fermented whey kg-1 soil dw, increased the final degree of n-hexadecane mineralization from 49% in the control soil to 60 and 67% respectively. The increased total mineralization was characterized by an increase in the amount of substrate mineralized by first-order kinetics despite a decrease in the first order rate constant, k1. The highest concentration of fermented whey, 60 ml kg-1, gave rise to substrate competition, diauxie, which resulted in an extended lag phase.
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| 7. |
- Östberg, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced degradation of n-hexadecane in diesel fuel contaminated soil by the addition of fermented whey
- 2007
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Ingår i: Soil & sediment contamination: an international journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-0383 .- 1549-7887. ; 16:2, s. 221-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this work has been to investigate the possibility of using fermented whey as an organic growth supplement in order to enhance the aerobic degradation of n-hexadecane in soil. Fermented whey was added at different dosages to nutrient amended soil microcosms contaminated with 5000 mg diesel fuel kg-1 dry weight (dw). The target substance was 14C-labeled n-hexadecane, and the biodegradation was monitored by analysis of evolved 14CO2. Biodegradation curves were fitted to a three-half-order kinetics model. Enhanced biodegradation was observed in sand at 7 and 22C and in loamy sand at 22C but the effect was most pronounced in the sand soil at 22C. The addition of 6 or 60 ml fermented whey kg-1 soil dw, increased the degree of n-hexadecane biodegradation at the end of the experiment, 167 days, from 49% in the untreated sand to 60 or 67% respectively. This increase in biodegradation was characterized by an increase in the amount of substrate biodegradation by first-order kinetics despite a decrease in the first order rate constant, k1. The highest concentration of fermented whey, 60 ml kg-1, gave rise to substrate competition, diauxie, which resulted in an extended lag phase.
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| 8. |
- Östberg, Tomas L., et al.
(författare)
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Accelerated biodegradation of n-alkanes in aqueous solution by the addition of fermented whey
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-8305 .- 1879-0208. ; 57:3, s. 190-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of fermented whey on the aerobic degradation of n-alkanes by a microbial consortium was investigated in an aqueous system. Microbial degradation of 100 mg n-alkanes (C12, C14, C16 and C18) in mineral nutrient medium was assessed by measuring the decrease in n-alkanes, production of CO2 and increase in biomass. The addition of fermented whey at a concentration of 5 mg dry weight to a nutrient medium receiving a small-sized inoculum (103.4 CFU ml-1)shortened the lag phase from 8 to 3 days, but the degradation rate during the degradation phase was not enhanced. The shortened lag phase at low initial concentration of microorganisms indicates that the fermented whey stimulates growth in the initial phase, without reducing the consortium's capacity for n-alkane degradation.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Östberg, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of carbon sources and micronutrients in fermented whey on the biodegradation of n-hexadecane in diesel fuel contaminated soil
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-8305 .- 1879-0208. ; 60:4, s. 334-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of organic amendments on the biodegradation of n-alkanes and phenanthrene in diesel contaminated soil was evaluated. The organic amendments used were fermented and non fermented sweet milk whey and the mineralization was estimated by analysis of evolved 14CO from added 14C-hexadecane, 14C-octadecane and 14C-phenanthrene. The addition of 2100 mg dry weight (dw) sweet whey kg-1 soil dw at the start of the experiment increased the extent of mineralization after 184 days compared to a control, from 45 % to 61 % for n-hexadecane and from 35 % to 46 % for n-octadecane. The stimulation was characterized according to a three-half-order kinetic such as if a greater part of the substrates was mineralized according to first order kinetics. Similar stimulation was achieved from the fermented whey when 210 mg dw kg-1 soil dw was added to the soil every second week during the 184 days of incubation.
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