1. |
- Islam, Md Mafijul, et al.
(författare)
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Towards benchmarking of functional safety in the automotive industry
- 2013
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computr Science. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 9783642387883 ; , s. 111-125
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Functional safety is becoming increasingly important in the automotive industry to deal with the growing reliance on the electrical and/or electronic (E/E) systems and the associated complexities. The introduction of ISO 26262, a new standard for functional safety in road vehicles, has made it even more important to adopt a systematic approach of evaluating functional safety. However, standard assessment methods of benchmarking functional safety of automotive systems are not available as of today. This is where the BeSafe (Benchmarking of Functional Safety) project comes into the picture. BeSafe project aims to lay the foundation for benchmarking functional safety of automotive E/E systems. In this paper, we present a brief overview of the project along with the benchmark targets that we have identified as relevant for the automotive industry, assuming three abstraction layers (model, software, hardware). We then define and discuss a set of benchmark measures. Next, we propose a benchmark framework encompassing fault/error models, methods and the required tool support. This paper primarily focuses on functional safety benchmarking from the Safety Element out of Context (SEooC) viewpoint. Finally, we present some preliminary results and highlight potential future works.
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- Ayatolahi, Fatemeh, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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A study of the impact of single bit-flip and double bit-flip errors on program execution
- 2013
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Ingår i: Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783642407925 ; , s. 265-276
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of an extensive experimental study of bit-flip errors in instruction set architecture registers and main memory locations. Comprising more than two million fault injection experiments conducted with thirteen benchmark programs, the study provides insights on whether it is necessary to consider double bit-flip errors in dependability benchmarking experiments. The results show that the proportion of silent data corruptions in the program output, is almost the same for single and double bit errors. In addition, we present detailed statistics about the error sensitivity of different target registers and memory locations, including bit positions within registers and memory words. These show that the error sensitivity varies significantly between different bit positions and registers. An important observation is that injections in certain bit positions always have the same impact regardless of when the error is injected.
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3. |
- Ayatolahi, Fatemeh, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Sources of Variation in Error Sensitivity Measurements, Significant or Not?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 48th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks Workshops, DSN-W 2018. - 9781538665534 ; , s. 71-72
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measuring the error sensitivity by fault injection is an important method for assessing the dependability of computer systems. In this paper, we define error sensitivity as the conditional probability that a hardware-related error causes a silent data corruption. When measuring the error sensitivity it is important to consider how the experimental setup and the workload characteristics affect the estimated error sensitivity. We consider five such potential sources of variation (PSVs) in this paper. Three of these are related to the workload: i) input profile, ii) source code implementation, and, iii) use of compiler optimization. Two are related to the experimental setup: i) single vs. double bit-flips, and ii) inject-on-read vs. inject-on-write. The paper discusses the applicability of different statistical tests for assessing whether a PSV has a significant impact on error sensitivity.
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4. |
- Di Leo, D., et al.
(författare)
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On the impact of hardware faults - An investigation of the relationship between workload inputs and failure mode distributions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 9783642336775 ; , s. 198-209
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technology scaling of integrated circuits is making transistors increasingly sensitive to process variations, wear-out effects and ionizing particles. This may lead to an increasing rate of transient and intermittent errors in future microprocessors. In order to assess the risk such errors pose to safety critical systems, it is essential to investigate how temporary errors in the instruction set architecture (ISA) registers and main memory locations influence the behaviour of executing programs. To this end, we investigate - by means of extensive fault injection experiments - how such errors affect the execution of four target programs. The paper makes three contributions. First, we investigate how the failure modes of the target programs vary for different input sets. Second, we evaluate the error coverage of a software-implemented hardware fault tolerant technique that relies on triple-time redundant execution, majority voting and forward recovery. Third, we propose an approach based on assembly language metrics which can be used to correlate the dynamic fault-free behaviour of a program with its failure mode distribution obtained by fault injection.
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5. |
- Folkesson, Peter, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Back-to-Back Fault Injection Testing in Model-Based Development
- 2015
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 9783319242545 - 9783319242552 ; 9337, s. 135-148
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, embedded systems across industrial domains (e.g., avionics, automotive) are representatives of software-intensive systems with increasing reliance on software and growing complexity. It has become critically important to verify software in a time, resource and cost effective manner. Furthermore, industrial domains are striving to comply with the requirements of relevant safety standards. This paper proposes a novel workflow along with tool support to evaluate robustness of software in model-based development environment, assuming different abstraction levels of representing software. We then show the effectiveness of our technique, on a brake-by-wire application, by performing back-to-back fault injection testing between two different abstraction levels using MODIFI for the Simulink model and GOOFI-2 for the generated code running on the target microcontroller. Our proposed method and tool support facilitates not only verifying software during early phases of the development lifecycle but also fulfilling back-to-back testing requirements of ISO 26262 when using model-based development.
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6. |
- Gourdon, Mathias, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Pulp mill biorefineries
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Process Integration Jubilee Conference, Gothenburg, Sweden, March 18-20 2013.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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9. |
- Karlsson, Johan, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Localized controlled drug delivery from mesoporous implants
- 2014
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Ingår i: Technical Proceedings of the 2014 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo, NSTI-Nanotech 2014. Washington, DC, United States, 15-18 June 2014. - 9781482258271
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesoporous materials possess both a well-defined topography on the nanometer scale, and they may serve as hosts for drugs. In this work, titanium implants coated with mesoporous TiO2 thin films have been evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Material characterization showed that, long-range ordered mesoporous TiO2, with a pore-size of 6 nm, and a narrow pore-size distribution were obtained. An in vivo study demonstrated that the films were robust enough to withstand the implantation procedure. The in vitro apatite formation experiments showed that formation of apatite was higher on the mesoporous surface compared to its nonporous counterpart. In a separate in vivo study, two osteoporosis drugs, alendronate (ALN) and raloxifene (RLX), were immobilised into the nanoporous oxide films. The in vitro drug release tests carried out showed a sustained release of both drugs. The osteogenic response after 28 days of implantation of the drug-loaded implants showed a significantly improved bone fixation.
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10. |
- Karlsson, Malin, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Could the use of ICT tools be the way to increase competitiveness in Swedish industry?
- 2013
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Ingår i: IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline). - 2405-8963. - 9783902823410 ; 12:1, s. 179-186
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When operators gain increasingly critical roles for the performance of industries, the operator competitiveness becomes more significant to maintain the sustainable competitive advantages of their company. The research project ‘Operator of the Future’ aims to increase the competitiveness of future Swedish operators, by providing them with advanced decision support tools. Multiple factors must be considered when specifying operator needs and designing support tools. This paper focuses on operator maturity for use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools, professionally and domestically. Further, important aspects of social sustainability are discussed relative to the implementation of ICT tools. Results are presented as analysed empirical data, collected in three global Swedish production companies.
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