| 1. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Fysikaliska faktorer
- 1994
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Ingår i: Arbete Människa Teknik. - 9175224143 ; , s. 45-113
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Fysikaliska faktorer
- 2005
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Ingår i: Arbete Människa Teknik. - 9175228955 ; , s. 45-113
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between the working characteristics of nursing staff and the prevalence of behavioral symptoms in people with dementia in residential care
- 2008
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Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - New York : Cambridge University Press. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 20:4, s. 764-776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Clinical experience suggests that the work characteristics of staff in residential care may influence the well-being of residents with dementia. However, few studies have explored those anecdotal experiences. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between work characteristics of nursing staff and prevalence of behavioral symptoms among people with dementia in residential care settings.METHODS: The self-report job strain assessment scale was used to measure staff perceptions of their working environment, and the Multi Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale to measure the occurrence of behavioral symptoms among residents in 40 residential care units for people with dementia.RESULTS: The findings show that in settings where staff reported high job strain, the prevalence of behavioral symptoms was significantly higher compared to settings where staff reported low job strain. Furthermore, settings characterized by staff having a more positive caring climate had significantly less prevalence of escape, restless and wandering behaviors compared to settings having a less positive caring climate. There was no statistically significant association between staff members' self-reported knowledge in caring for people with dementia and prevalence of behavioral symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence for the oft-cited clinical experience that the well-being of nursing staff is associated with the well-being of people with dementia in residential care settings.
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| 6. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of job strain in residential dementia care nursing staff
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 17:1, s. 59-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To identify predictors of job strain in residential nursing care staff working with people with dementia. BACKGROUND: It is well known that nursing staff experience high levels of stress, but less is known about how to predict job strain. METHODS: The job strain of nursing care staff (n = 344) within residential dementia care settings was assessed. Standard linear regression analysis was used to explore predictors of job strain. RESULT: Data from the study shows that nursing staff in residential dementia care have a demanding job and experience high levels of strain. The linear regression model with four predictor variables explained 19% of the variability in job strain scores. Perceived caring climate of the unit, staff education level, possibilities to have discussions of difficulties and ethics at work and staff age, had a statistically significant association with job strain. CONCLUSIONS: The caring climate, staff education, reflective practice and staff age can be used as screening variables when predicting job strain. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: These predictors can assist managers and directors to identify targeted strategies for supervision and support of nursing staff to secure their well-being, and by that securing the quality of care provided to residents.
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| 7. |
- Erneklint, Christian, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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An in vitro load evaluation of a conical implant system with 2 abutment designs and 3 different retaining-screw alloys.
- 2007
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Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 21:5, s. 733-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the load resistance in a conical implant system by comparing combinations of 2 different abutment head angles and 3 different retaining screw materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retaining screw materials (titanium alloy, gold alloy, and commercially pure titanium) were tested with abutment-head angles of 20 degrees and 45 degrees. Six groups of 10 specimens each were prepared. An oblique (30-degree) compression test was performed in a Lloyd LRX universal testing machine with the abutment attached to a superstructure with a retaining screw. All specimens were loaded until fracture or permanent deformation occurred. The results were evaluated statistically with Wilcoxon signed rank test for variance distribution (P < .05 considered significant). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in load resistance between 20-degree and 45-degree abutments. The titanium screws (titanium alloy and commercially pure) in the 45-degree abutment group had almost equal mean values, while the gold alloy had a significantly lower value. In the 20-degree abutment group, significantly higher values were found with commercially pure titanium compared to titanium alloy and gold alloy, but the difference between the values for the gold and titanium alloys was not significant. DISCUSSION: The angulation of the abutment head played the most significant role in determining the amount of load withstood, but the material used for the screw was also relevant. CONCLUSION: A 45-degree abutment can be combined with a retaining screw of any of these materials to create a functional implant system. The test also substantiated that, irrespective of the retaining-screw material, a 20-degree abutment could resist loading forces of at least 900 N.
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| 8. |
- Gustafsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Association between behavioral and psychological symptoms and psychotropic drug use among old people with cognitive impairment living in geriatric care settings
- 2013
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Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 25:9, s. 1415-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms are common among cognitively impaired individuals and psychotropic drugs are widely used for their treatment. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and associated factors of psychotropic and anti-dementia drug use among old people with cognitive impairment living in geriatric care settings. Methods: The study comprised 2,019 cognitively impaired people living in geriatric care units in the county of Västerbotten, Sweden. Data concerning psychotropic and anti-dementia drug use, function in activities of daily living, cognitive function, and prevalence of behavioral and psychological symptoms were collected, using the Multi-Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale. Results: Of the study population, 1,442 individuals (71%) were prescribed at least one psychotropic drug (antidepressants (49%), anxiolytics, hypnotics, and sedatives (36%), antipsychotics (25%)). Furthermore, 363 individuals (18%) received anti-dementia drugs. Associations between various behavioral and psychological symptoms were found for all psychotropic drug classes and anti-dementia drugs. Verbally disruptive/attention-seeking behavior was associated with all psychotropic drugs. Use of antipsychotics was associated with several behavioral and psychological symptoms, including aggressive behavior. Conclusion: The associations between behavioral and psychological symptoms and psychotropic drug use found in this study indicate that these drugs are prescribed to treat behavioral and psychological symptoms among cognitively impaired individuals despite limited evidence of their efficacy. Given the significant risk of adverse effects among old people with cognitive impairment, it is important to ensure that any medication used is both appropriate and safe.
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| 9. |
- Gustafsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Behavioral and psychological symptoms and psychotropic drugs among people with cognitive impairment in nursing homes in 2007 and 2013
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 72:8, s. 987-994
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The use of psychotropic drugs to treat behavioral and psychological symptoms among people with dementia has been widely questioned because of its limited efficacy and risk of harmful side-effects. The objectives of this study was to compare the prevalence of behavioral and psychological symptoms and the use of psychotropic drug treatments among old people with cognitive impairment living in geriatric care units in 2007 and 2013.METHODS: Two questionnaire surveys were performed in 2007 and 2013, comprising all those living in geriatric care units in the county of Västerbotten in northern Sweden. A comparison was made between 1971 people from 2007 and 1511 people from 2013. Data were collected concerning psychotropic and antidementia drug use, functioning in the activities of daily living (ADL), cognition, and behavioral and psychological symptoms, using the Multi-Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale (MDDAS).RESULTS: Between 2007 and 2013, the use of antipsychotic drugs declined from 25.4 to 18.9 %, and of anxiolytic, hypnotic, and sedative drugs from 35.5 to 29.4 %. The prevalence of people prescribed antidepressant drugs remained unchanged while antidementia drug prescription increased from 17.9 to 21.5 %. When controlled for demographic changes, 36 out of 39 behavioral and psychological symptoms showed no difference in prevalence between the years.CONCLUSIONS: The use of antipsychotic, anxiolytic, hypnotic, and sedative drugs declined considerably between 2007 and 2013 among old people with cognitive impairment living in geriatric care units. Despite this reduction, the prevalences of behavioral and psychological symptoms remained largely unchanged.
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| 10. |
- Gustafsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction in the use of potentially inappropriate drugs among old people living in geriatric care units between 2007 and 2013
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 71:4, s. 507-515
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to investigate trends in the prevalence of potentially inappropriate drug use among old people living in geriatric care units in the county of Västerbotten between 2007 and 2013 using six national quality indicators and to assess the impact of medication reviews on those quality indicators.METHODS: Data were collected concerning potentially inappropriate drug use, function in the activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive function, using the Multi-Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale (MDDAS). A comparison was made between the years 2007 and 2013, comprising 2772 and 1902 people, respectively, living in geriatric care in the county of Västerbotten, Sweden. We conducted a parallel investigation of a separate corresponding population in Västerbotten County from 2012, where potentially inappropriate drug use was measured before and after 895 medication reviews which involved a clinical pharmacist.RESULTS: After controlling for age, sex, ADL and cognitive impairment, there was a significant improvement in five out of six quality indicators between 2007 and 2013. While 44 % of the people were exposed to one or more potentially inappropriate medications in 2007, this number had declined to 26 % by 2013. In the separate population from 2012, the frequency of potentially inappropriate drug use was significantly reduced amongst the people who had a medication review performed.CONCLUSION: The extent of potentially inappropriate drug use declined between 2007 and 2013 according to the quality indicators used. Medication reviews involving clinical pharmacists might be an important factor in reducing potentially inappropriate drug use and improving drug treatment among old people.
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