| 1. |
- Majchrzak, P., et al.
(author)
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Switching of the electron-phonon interaction in 1T-VSe2 assisted by hot carriers
- 2021
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In: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 103:24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We apply an intense infrared laser pulse in order to perturb the electronic and vibrational states in the three-dimensional charge density wave material 1T-VSe2. Ultrafast snapshots of the light-induced hot carrier dynamics and nonequilibrium quasiparticle spectral function are collected using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The hot carrier temperature and time-dependent electronic self-energy are extracted from the time-dependent spectral function, revealing that incoherent electron-phonon interactions heat the lattice above the charge density wave critical temperature on a timescale of (200±40) fs. Density functional perturbation theory calculations establish that the presence of hot carriers alters the overall phonon dispersion and quenches efficient low-energy acoustic phonon scattering channels, which results in a new quasiequilibrium state that is experimentally observed.
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| 2. |
- Fahrleitner-Pammer, A., et al.
(author)
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Fracture rate and back pain during and after discontinuation of teriparatide : 36-month data from the European Forsteo Observational Study (EFOS)
- 2011
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In: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 22:10, s. 2709-2719
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Summary: In this observational study in postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis, the incidence of fractures was decreased during 18 months of teriparatide treatment with no evidence of further change in the subsequent 18-month post-teriparatide period when most patients took other osteoporosis medications. Fracture reduction was accompanied by reductions in back pain. Introduction: To describe fracture outcomes and back pain in postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis during 18 months of teriparatide treatment and 18 months post-teriparatide in normal clinical practice. Methods: The European Forsteo Observational Study (EFOS) was a prospective, multinational, observational study. Data on incident clinical fractures and back pain (100 mm Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] and questionnaire) were collected. Fracture data were summarised in 6-month intervals and analysed using logistic regression with repeated measures. Changes from baseline in back pain VAS were analysed using a repeated measures model. Results: A total of 208 (13.2%) of 1,576 patients sustained 258 fractures during 36 months of follow-up: 34% were clinical vertebral fractures and 66% non-vertebral fractures. The adjusted odds of fracture were reduced during teriparatide treatment and there was no evidence of further change in the 18-month post-teriparatide period, during which 63.3% patients took bisphosphonates. A 74% decrease in the adjusted odds of fracture in the 30- to < 36-month period compared with the first 6-month period was observed (p < 0.001). Back pain decreased during teriparatide treatment and this decrease was sustained after teriparatide discontinuation. Adjusted mean back pain VAS decreased by 26.3 mm after 36 months (p < 0.001) from baseline mean of 57.8 mm. Conclusions: In a real-life clinical setting, the risk of fracture decreased during teriparatide treatment, with no evidence of further change after teriparatide was discontinued. The changes in back pain seen during treatment were maintained for at least 18 months after teriparatide discontinuation. These results should be interpreted in the context of the design of an observational study.
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| 3. |
- Fanouriakis, A, et al.
(author)
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2019 Update of the Joint European League Against Rheumatism and European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (EULAR/ERA-EDTA) recommendations for the management of lupus nephritis
- 2020
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In: Annals of the rheumatic diseases. - : BMJ. - 1468-2060 .- 0003-4967. ; 79:6, s. 713-723
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To update the 2012 EULAR/ERA–EDTA recommendations for the management of lupus nephritis (LN).MethodsFollowing the EULAR standardised operating procedures, a systematic literature review was performed. Members of a multidisciplinary Task Force voted independently on their level of agreeement with the formed statements.ResultsThe changes include recommendations for treatment targets, use of glucocorticoids and calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) and management of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The target of therapy is complete response (proteinuria <0.5–0.7 g/24 hours with (near-)normal glomerular filtration rate) by 12 months, but this can be extended in patients with baseline nephrotic-range proteinuria. Hydroxychloroquine is recommended with regular ophthalmological monitoring. In active proliferative LN, initial (induction) treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF 2–3 g/day or mycophenolic acid (MPA) at equivalent dose) or low-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide (CY; 500 mg × 6 biweekly doses), both combined with glucocorticoids (pulses of intravenous methylprednisolone, then oral prednisone 0.3–0.5 mg/kg/day) is recommended. MMF/CNI (especially tacrolimus) combination and high-dose CY are alternatives, for patients with nephrotic-range proteinuria and adverse prognostic factors. Subsequent long-term maintenance treatment with MMF or azathioprine should follow, with no or low-dose (<7.5 mg/day) glucocorticoids. The choice of agent depends on the initial regimen and plans for pregnancy. In non-responding disease, switch of induction regimens or rituximab are recommended. In pure membranous LN with nephrotic-range proteinuria or proteinuria >1 g/24 hours despite renin–angiotensin–aldosterone blockade, MMF in combination with glucocorticoids is preferred. Assessment for kidney and extra-renal disease activity, and management of comorbidities is lifelong with repeat kidney biopsy in cases of incomplete response or nephritic flares. In ESKD, transplantation is the preferred kidney replacement option with immunosuppression guided by transplant protocols and/or extra-renal manifestations. Treatment of LN in children follows the same principles as adult disease.ConclusionsWe have updated the EULAR recommendations for the management of LN to facilitate homogenization of patient care.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Jakob, F., et al.
(author)
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Effects of teriparatide in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis pre-treated with bisphosphonates : 36-month results from the European Forsteo Observational Study
- 2012
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In: European Journal of Endocrinology. - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 166:1, s. 87-97
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To describe fracture rates, back pain, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and prior bisphosphonate therapy, treated with teriparatide for up to 18 months and followed up for a further 18 months. Design: Prospective, multinational, and observational study. Methods: Data on prior bisphosphonate use, clinical fractures, back pain visual analog scale (VAS), and HRQoL (EQ-5D) were collected over 36 months. Fracture data were summarized in 6-month intervals and analyzed using logistic regression with repeated measures. Changes from baseline in back pain VAS and EQ-VAS were analyzed using a repeated measures model. Results: Of the 1581 enrolled patients with follow-up data, 1161 (73.4%) had a history of prior bisphosphonate use (median duration: 36 months). Of them, 169 (14.6%) sustained >= 1 fracture during 36-month follow-up. Adjusted odds of fracture were significantly decreased at each 6-month interval compared with the first 6 months of teriparatide treatment: 37% decrease in the 12 to ! 18 months period during teriparatide treatment (P=0.03) and a 76% decrease in the 12- to 18-month period after teriparatide was discontinued (P<0.001). Significant reductions in back pain and improvement in HRQoL were observed. Conclusions: Postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis previously treated with bisphosphonates had a significant reduction in the incidence of fractures compared with the first 6 months of therapy, a reduction in back pain and an improvement in HRQoL during up to 18 months of teriparatide treatment. These outcomes were still evident for at least 18 months after teriparatide was discontinued. The results should be interpreted in the context of an uncontrolled, observational study in a routine clinical setting.
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| 6. |
- Biswas, Deepnarayan, et al.
(author)
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Ultrafast Triggering of Insulator-Metal Transition in Two-Dimensional VSe2
- 2021
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In: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 21:5, s. 1968-1975
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The transition-metal dichalcogenide VSe2 exhibits an increased charge density wave transition temperature and an emerging insulating phase when thinned to a single layer. Here, we investigate the interplay of electronic and lattice degrees of freedom that underpin these phases in single-layer VSe2 using ultrafast pump-probe photoemission spectroscopy. In the insulating state, we observe a light-induced closure of the energy gap, which we disentangle from the ensuing hot carrier dynamics by fitting a model spectral function to the time-dependent photoemission intensity. This procedure leads to an estimated time scale of 480 fs for the closure of the gap, which suggests that the phase transition in single-layer VSe2 is driven by electron-lattice interactions rather than by Mott-like electronic effects. The ultrafast optical switching of these interactions in SL VSe2 demonstrates the potential for controlling phase transitions in 2D materials with light.
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| 7. |
- Ciaperoni, M., et al.
(author)
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SIEVE : A Space-Efficient Algorithm for Viterbi Decoding
- 2022
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In: SIGMOD '22. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ; , s. 1136-1145
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Can we get speech recognition tools to work on limited-memory devices? The Viterbi algorithm is a classic dynamic programming (DP) solution used to find the most likely sequence of hidden states in a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). While the algorithm finds universal application ranging from communication systems to speech recognition to bioinformatics, its scalability has been scarcely addressed, stranding it to a space complexity that grows with the number of observations. In this paper, we propose SIEVE (Space Efficient Viterbi), a reformulation of the Viterbi algorithm that eliminates its space-complexity dependence on the number of observations to be explained. SIEVE discards and recomputes parts of the DP solution for the sake of space efficiency, in divide-and-conquer fashion, without incurring a time-complexity overhead. Our thorough experimental evaluation shows that SIEVE is highly effective in reducing the memory usage compared to the classic Viterbi algorithm, while avoiding the runtime overhead of a naïve space-efficient solution.
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| 8. |
- Heshmati-Alamdari, S., et al.
(author)
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A self-triggered visual servoing model predictive control scheme for under-actuated underwater robotic vehicles
- 2014
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In: Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. - : IEEE conference proceedings. ; , s. 3826-3831
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a novel Vision-based Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) scheme for an under-actuated underwater robotic vehicle. In this scheme, the control loop does not close periodically, but instead a self-triggering framework decides when to provide the next control update. Between two consecutive triggering instants, the control sequence computed by the NMPC is applied to the system in an open-loop fashion, i.e, no state measurements are required during that period. This results to a significant smaller number of requested measurements from the vision system, as well as less frequent computations of the control law, reducing in that way the processing time and the energy consumption. The image constraints (i.e preserving the target inside the camera's field of view), the external disturbances induced by currents and waves, as well as the vehicle's kinematic constraints due to under-actuation, are being considered during the control design. The closed-loop system has analytically guaranteed stability and convergence properties, while the performance of the proposed control scheme is experimentally verified using a small under-actuated underwater vehicle in a test tank.
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| 9. |
- Jayne, David R W, et al.
(author)
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Glomerulonephritides.
- 2014
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In: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385. ; 29 Suppl 3, s. 27-29
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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