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Sökning: WFRF:(Kumar A) > Naturhistoriska riksmuseet

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1.
  • Zamora, Juan Carlos, et al. (författare)
  • Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: IMA Fungus. - : INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 2210-6340 .- 2210-6359. ; 9:1, s. 167-185
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
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2.
  • Whitehouse, Martin J., 1962- (författare)
  • Metallic Pb nanospheres in ultra-high temperature metamorphosed zircon from southern India
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Mineralogy and Petrology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-0708 .- 1438-1168. ; 111, s. 467-474
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A transmission electron microscope (TEM) study of Paleoproterozoic zircon that has experienced ultra-high temperature (UHT) metamorphism at ca. 570 Ma in the Kerala Khondalite Belt (KKB), southern India, documents the occurrence of metallic Pb nanospheres. These results permit comparison with a previous report from UHT zircon in Enderby Land, Antarctica, and allow further constraints to be placed on possible mechanisms for nanosphere formation. As in Enderby Land, the nanospheres in the KKB occur in non-metamict zircon, emphasising that radiogenic Pb redistribution can occur with only partial interconnectivity of radiation damaged zircon. In contrast, the nanospheres reported here are not closely associated with Si-rich glass inclusions, which is inconsistent with a silicate liquid-metal immiscibility model proposed in the earlier study. Formation of these Pb nanospheres effectively halts Pb-loss from zircon, even under extreme conditions, and can adversely affect geochronological interpretations due to decoupling of Pb from U.
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