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- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 2. |
- Fazey, Ioan, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming knowledge systems for life on Earth : Visions of future systems and how to get there
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory approach that asked what future envisioned knowledge systems might need to look like and how we might get there. Findings suggest that envisioned future systems will need to be much more collaborative, open, diverse, egalitarian, and able to work with values and systemic issues. They will also need to go beyond producing knowledge about our world to generating wisdom about how to act within it. To get to envisioned systems we will need to rapidly scale methodological innovations, connect innovators, and creatively accelerate learning about working with intractable challenges. We will also need to create new funding schemes, a global knowledge commons, and challenge deeply held assumptions. To genuinely be a creative force in supporting longevity of human and non-human life on our planet, the shift in knowledge systems will probably need to be at the scale of the enlightenment and speed of the scientific and technological revolution accompanying the second World War. This will require bold and strategic action from governments, scientists, civic society and sustained transformational intent.
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| 3. |
- Margrain, Valerie, Professor, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Education of Young Gifted Children : Contingency views on first-hand experience and conception of giftedness
- 2013
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Ingår i: APEX: The New Zealand Journal of Gifted Education. - New York, NY : Exely inc.. - 2324-1284. ; 18:1, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article applies quantitative analysis of data from a New Zealand online survey on gifted education in the early years (Margrain & Farquhar, 2012). Questions asked participants about their role, experience, and beliefs regarding giftedness and gifted practice, valued and observed identification practices, valued and observed provisions, resources, beliefs about links with special education, and beliefs about early entry to school. A Fisher exact test of contingencies (with α = .05) was used to test the statistical significance of seven hypothesised associations. Analysis showed that current or past experience of caring for a gifted child was related to a differential view of giftedness, i.e. the view that gifted children can be differentiated from others as being significantly more advanced, above the norm, or among the very top percentile in some aspects. The finding was of statistical significance (p = .018). Analysis found no statistical significance for experience of caring for a gifted child and the following associations: a) views on whether gifted children should be given additional support within or outside of the teaching and learning programme; b) the position that gifted children should be included in the Special Education section of the Ministry of Education; and c) the opinion that some effort should be made to identify gifted young children. Analysis also determined that there was no statistical significance of association regarding whether persons with a differential view of giftedness were likely to: a) advocate the provision of additional support for gifted children within or outside of the teaching and learning programme; b) take the position that gifted children should be included in the Group Special Education of the Ministry of Education; and c) take the view that some effort should be made to identify gifted young children. There was a strong sense amongst survey respondents that there is a need to identify and provide the special support to gifted children, regardless of their current or past experience with gifted children and in spite of the lack of consensus over the conception of what giftedness in young children is. Although the notion of a gifted child was ambiguous for those without first-hand experience with gifted children, this did not diminish their advocacy for identification of and additional support to extend the gifts and talents of young children.
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| 4. |
- Han, S. H., et al.
(författare)
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Mobile technology adoption among hotels : Managerial issues and opportunities
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tourism Management Perspectives. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-9736 .- 2211-9744. ; 38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mobile technology in hotels is to provide innovative service solutions for both employees and customers, yet underexplored, and managerial and operational issues remain. This study aims at identifying those issues involved in adopting and implementing mobile technologies by a thematic analysis of focus group interviews of luxury hotel managers and executives. Eighteen managerial issues surfaced, leading to a mobile technology management framework consisting of six themes: strategic goal, customer management, operations management, process design, provider management, and infrastructure management. This mobile technology management framework provides guidelines for the successful adoption and implementation of mobile technologies in hotels. Implications are discussed with future research issues at the end.
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