| 1. |
- Wilkinson, Jack, et al.
(författare)
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Protocol for the development of a tool (INSPECT-SR) to identify problematic randomised controlled trials in systematic reviews of health interventions
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 14:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) inform healthcare decisions. It is now apparent that some published RCTs contain false data and some appear to have been entirely fabricated. Systematic reviews are performed to identify and synthesise all RCTs that have been conducted on a given topic. While it is usual to assess methodological features of the RCTs in the process of undertaking a systematic review, it is not usual to consider whether the RCTs contain false data. Studies containing false data therefore go unnoticed and contribute to systematic review conclusions. The INveStigating ProblEmatic Clinical Trials in Systematic Reviews (INSPECT-SR) project will develop a tool to assess the trustworthiness of RCTs in systematic reviews of healthcare-related interventions.Methods and analysis The INSPECT-SR tool will be developed using expert consensus in combination with empirical evidence, over five stages: (1) a survey of experts to assemble a comprehensive list of checks for detecting problematic RCTs, (2) an evaluation of the feasibility and impact of applying the checks to systematic reviews, (3) a Delphi survey to determine which of the checks are supported by expert consensus, culminating in, (4) a consensus meeting to select checks to be included in a draft tool and to determine its format and (5) prospective testing of the draft tool in the production of new health systematic reviews, to allow refinement based on user feedback. We anticipate that the INSPECT-SR tool will help researchers to identify problematic studies and will help patients by protecting them from the influence of false data on their healthcare.Ethics and dissemination The University of Manchester ethics decision tool was used, and this returned the result that ethical approval was not required for this project (30 September 2022), which incorporates secondary research and surveys of professionals about subjects relating to their expertise. Informed consent will be obtained from all survey participants. All results will be published as open-access articles. The final tool will be made freely available.
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| 2. |
- Lövgren, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Bereaved Siblings' Advice to Health Care Professionals Working With Children With Cancer and Their Families
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing. - : SAGE Publications. - 1043-4542 .- 1532-8457. ; 33:4, s. 297-305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Siblings of children with cancer experience psychosocial distress during the illness and after bereavement, but often stand outside the spotlight of attention and care. This study explored bereaved siblings' advice to health care professionals (HCPs) working with children with cancer and their families. Materials and Methods: In a nationwide Swedish survey of bereaved siblings, 174/240 (73%) participated. Of these, 108 answered an open-ended question about what advice they would give to HCPs working with children with cancer and their families. In this study, responses to this single question were analyzed using content analysis. Results: The most common advice, suggested by 56% of siblings, related to their own support. One third suggested giving better medical information to siblings. Some siblings wanted to be more practically involved in their brother's/sister's care and suggested that HCPs should give parents guidance on how to involve siblings. Other common advice related to psychosocial aspects, such as the siblings' wish for HCPs to mediate hope, yet also realism, and the importance of asking the ill child about what care they wanted. Conclusion: Information, communication, and involvement should be emphasized by HCPs to support siblings' psychosocial needs in both the health care setting and within the family.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Tang, Zhonghai, et al.
(författare)
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Structure-Activity Relationship of Niclosamide Derivatives
- 2017
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : International Institute of Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 37:6, s. 2839-2843
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIM: Cancer is a leading cause of death. Hence, this study aimed at the optimization of niclosamide derivatives for the development of new potential anticancer agents.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Niclosamide derivatives were synthesized and tested against a panel of human cancer cells: MDA and MCF7 breast cancer cells, PC3 and DU-145 prostate cancer cells, Hela cervical cancer cells, and HL-60 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. They were also tested in nuclear factor-ĸappa B (NFĸB), V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS), and mitochondria transmembrane potential (MTP) assays.RESULTS: N-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide exhibited the most significant cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells, while 5-chloro-N-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide was the most active in the NFĸB assay and 5-chloro-N-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide in the MTP assay. 5-chloro-N-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide and 5-chloro-2-hydroxy-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzamide inhibited both HL-60 cell proliferation and NFĸB.CONCLUSION: In-depth study of the most promising compounds is highly encouraged to further develop into potential anticancer agents those derivatives found to be significantly active.
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| 5. |
- Feng, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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Marital Status and Cognitive Impairment among Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults : The Role of Gender and Social Engagement
- 2014
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra. - Basel : S. Karger. - 1664-5464. ; 4:3, s. 375-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To examine the association between marital status and cognitive impairment among community-dwelling Chinese older adults. Methods: We analyzed data from 2,498 Chinese aged 55 and older from the Singapore Longitudinal Aging Study cohort. Cognitive impair- ment was defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination total score of 23 or below. Odds ratios of associations were reported and adjusted for potential confounders in logistic regression models. Results: The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 12.2% (n = 306). Being single was associated with about 2.5 times increased odds of cognitive impairment compared to be- ing married (adjusted OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.41–4.55). The association between marital status and cognitive impairment was much stronger in men compared to that in women, and was indeed statistically significant only for men. Among the single and widowed persons social engagement was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment. Compared with sub- jects in the lowest tertile of social engagement scores, the odds of having cognitive impair- ment was lowered by 50% for subjects in the second and the third tertile. Conclusion: Being single or widowed was associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment compared to be- ing married in a cohort of older Chinese men but not women.
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| 6. |
- Finnbogadottir, Hafrún, et al.
(författare)
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Birth outcomes in a Swedish population of women reporting a history of violence including domestic violence during pregnancy : a longitudinal cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Victimisation of women is encountered in all countries across the world, it damages the mental and physical health of women. During pregnancy and the postpartum period, women are at a greater risk of experiencing violence from an intimate partner. The aim of this study was to explore childbirth outcomes in a Swedish population of women reporting a history of violence including domestic violence during pregnancy.METHODS: A longitudinal cohort design was used. In total, 1939 pregnant women ≥18 years were recruited to answer two questionnaires, both questionnaires were administered in the early and late stages of their pregnancy. The available dataset included birth records of 1694 mothers who gave birth between June 2012 and April 2014. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, T-test and bivariate logistic regression.RESULTS: Of 1694 mothers 38.7% (n = 656) reported a history of violence and 2% (n = 34) also experienced domestic violence during pregnancy. Women who were single, living apart from their partner, unemployed, smoked and faced financial distress were at a higher risk of experiencing violence (p = 0.001). They also had significant low scores on the SOC-scale and high EDS-scores ≥13 (p = 0.001) when compared to women without a history of violence (p = 0.001). Having a history of violence increased the woman's risk of undergoing a caesarean section (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.02-1.70). A history of emotional abuse also significantly increased the risk of having a caesarean section irrespective of whether it was a planned or an emergency caesarean section (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.09-2.06). Infants born to a mother who reported a history of violence, were at significant risk of being born premature < 37 weeks of gestation compared to infants born by mothers with no history of violence (p = 0,049).CONCLUSIONS: A history of violence and/or exclusively a history of emotional abuse has a negative impact on childbirth outcomes including caesarean section and premature birth. Therefore, early identification of a history of or ongoing violence is crucial to provide women with extra support which may have positive impact on her birth outcomes.
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| 7. |
- Finnbogadottir, Hafrún, et al.
(författare)
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Breastfeeding in the context of domestic violence : a cross sectional study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 73:12, s. 3209-3219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To determine the differences in breastfeeding among women who did and did not experience domestic violence during pregnancy and postpartum in a Swedish context. In addition, to identify possible differences regarding breastfeeding between groups with or without a history of violence. Further, determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and symptoms of depression.Background: History of violence may increase the risk of depression and a decrease in, or cessation of, breastfeeding.Design: The study has a cross-sectional design. Methods: Data were collected prospectively from March 2012 - May 2015. A cohort of 731 mothers answered a questionnaire from a larger project (1.5 years postpartum). Results: Breastfeeding was reported by 93.7% of participants. Women exposed to domestic violence during pregnancy and/or postpartum (4.5%) were just as likely to breastfeed as women who had not reported exposure to domestic violence. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with or without a history of violence regarding exclusive breastfeeding. Women reporting several symptoms of depression breastfed exclusively to a lesser extent compared with women who had a few symptoms of depression.Conclusion: Domestic violence did not influence breastfeeding prevalence or duration. Breastfeeding did not differ in women with or without a history of violence. Symptoms of depression influenced duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Beyond recognizing women who are exposed to violence, it is important to identify and to support pregnant women and new mothers with symptoms of depression as their health and the health of their infants depends on the mothers’ mental well-being.
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| 8. |
- Ge, Li, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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‘Is gestational diabetes a severe illness?’ : exploring beliefs and self‐care behaviour among women with gestational diabetes living in a rural area of the south east of China
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Australian journal of rural health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1038-5282 .- 1440-1584. ; 24:6, s. 378-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study explores beliefs about illnessand health and self-care behaviour among womenwith gestational diabetes living in a rural area of thesouth east of China.Design: A qualitative exploratory study using semistructuredinterviews and qualitative content analysis.Setting: A hospital located in the outskirts of a city inthe south east of China.Participants: Seventeen women with gestational diabetesin 34–38th pregnant weeks.Results: The beliefs about gestational diabetes amongthe women in the present study were found to be bidirectional.Some of them feared the illness and its negativeinfluence on health, while others believed that itwas not a severe illness and disbelieved the diagnosisof gestational diabetes. They related their illness andhealth to the individual, social and natural factors.They mainly sought help from the professional sector,but did not fully comply with the professionals’advice. Diet control and exercise were their main selfcaremeasures, but none of them self-monitored theirblood glucose. They demonstrated their misunderstandingabout diet control and self-monitoring ofblood glucose.Conclusions: This study highlighted the serious lackof knowledge, lower level of risk awareness and poorself-care behaviour among women in this group.Health professionals were found to be the most importantsource of knowledge about gestational diabetesfor these women. The influence of Chinese culture was demonstrated. Gestational diabetes among thesewomen can most likely be improved by training thehealth professionals and by health education involvingindividuals, families and the rural communities.
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| 9. |
- Ge, Li, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of care from the perspective of women with gestational diabetes in China
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. - : Elsevier. - 0020-7292 .- 1879-3479. ; 134:2, s. 151-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore the quality of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) care experienced by women in China and how it could be improved.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted at a municipal hospital in south east China. Women who had been diagnosed with GDMat 34–38 weeks of pregnancy were enrolled during two periods;between May 1 and July 31, 2012, and between April 1 and July 31, 2013. Data regarding patient-perceived care quality were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and were analyzed by qualitative content analysis.Results: The study enrolled 44 patients; the interviews recorded a lack of professional care resources for GDM, a lack of high-quality personalized care for women with GDM, and patients’ suggestions regarding how to improve GDM care.Conclusion: The participants reported a lack of high-quality GDM care, describing the core problem as an imbalance between over-stretched hospitals and low-efficiency under-utilized primary healthcare centers. Clinical-practice reforms identified, particularly in primary healthcare settings, included improving services through increasing the number of health professionals and material resources to comply with diabetes guidelines, and incorporating a humanistic approach in the provision of care
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| 10. |
- Ge, Li, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The Investigation and Analysis on Chinese Medicine Constitution Types of Pregnant Metaphase Women in Fuzhou
- 2013
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Ingår i: Chinese General Practice. - Beijing. - 1007-9572. ; 16:6A, s. 1920-1922
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 【Abstract】Objective To investigate and analyze the Chinese medicine constitution types of pregnant metaphase women in Fuzhou of China. Methods Cross-sectional study and stratified sampling were used. A scale, , was as a tool for investigation. 1000 scale copies were handed out. 989 scale copies were got after excluding the scale copies with logic error. Constitution types were described by constituent ratio. Results In Fuzhou, the Chinese medicine constitution types of pregnant metaphase women were as following: Yang-deficiency type was 28.5%, damp-heat type was 25.5%, Yin-deficiency type was 25.2%, Qi-depression type and Qi-deficiency type were 23.1% respectively, gentleness type was 20.2%, stasis type was 19.1%, phlegm type was 10.9%, and special intrinsic type was 7.0%. The front three constitution types in different age groups: 20 years old～group: Qi-deficiency type was 29.4%, gentleness type was 24.8%, Yin-deficiency type and yang-deficiency type were 24.2% respectively; 25 years old～group:Yang-deficiency type was 27.6%, Yin-deficiency type and damp-heat type were 23.3% respectively; 30 years old～group: damp-heat type was 34.4%, Yang-deficiency type was 33.9%, Yin-deficiency type was 30.8%. The distribution of constitution types in different education background groups was similar as that of total constitution types of pregnant metaphase women. Conclusions The constitution type’s characteristics of pregnant metaphase women in Fuzhou were inclined to deficiency, heat and damp, and Qi-depression. Guided by the theory of “Preventive Treatment of Disease”, the staff working on antepartum care may provide targeted care according to different body constitution types of pregnant women.
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