| 1. |
- Zhou, Y W, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of heavy metal resistant bacterial community succession influenced by biochar amendment during poultry manure composting
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3894 .- 1873-3336. ; 420
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the heavy metal resistant bacteria (HMRB) community succession and bacterial activity in poultry manure (PM) composting. Five different concentration of chicken manure biochar (CMB) at 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 10% on a dry weight basis was applied with initial feedstock (poultry manure + wheat straw) and indicated with T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5. In addition, high-throughput sequencing, principal coordinate analysis, and correlation analysis were used to analyze the evolution of HMRB communities during composting. The study indicated that crucial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. The bacterial diversity in the CMB amendment treatment was higher than in the control treatment, and T4 treatment has the highest among all CMB applied treatments. Moreover, results from CCA indicated that T4 and T5 treatments quickly enters the high-temperature period which is maintained for 5 days, and is significantly positively correlated with Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. These findings offer insight into potential strategies to understand the succession of HMRBs during PM reuse. Overall, the above results show the addition of 6% biochar (T4) was potentially beneficial to enrich the abundance of bacterial community to improve composting environment quality and composting efficiency. In addition, effective to immobilized the heavy metals and HMRB in the end product.
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| 2. |
- Cong, X., et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of fire protection performance and mechanical properties of thin-ply bio-epoxy composites
- 2021
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Ingår i: Polymers. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4360. ; 13:5, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hybrid composites composed of bio-based thin-ply carbon fibre prepreg and flame-retardant mats (E20MI) have been produced to investigate the effects of laminate design on their fire protection performance and mechanical properties. These flame-retardant mats rely primarily on expandable graphite, mineral wool and glass fibre to generate a thermal barrier that releases incom-bustible gasses and protects the underlying material. A flame retardant (FR) mat is incorporated into the carbon fibre bio-based polymeric laminate and the relationship between the fire protection properties and mechanical properties is investigated. Hybrid composite laminates containing FR mats either at the exterior surfaces or embedded 2-plies deep have been tested by the limited oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test and cone calorimetry. The addition of the surface or embedded E20MI flame retardant mats resulted in an improvement from a base line of 33.1% to 47.5% and 45.8%, respectively. All laminates passed the vertical burning test standard of FAR 25.853. Cone calorimeter data revealed an increase in the time to ignition (TTI) for the hybrid composites containing the FR mat, while the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (TTR) were greatly reduced. Furthermore, the maximum average rate of heat emission (MARHE) values indicated that both composites with flame retardant mats had achieved the requirements of EN 45545-2. However, the tensile strengths of laminates with surface or embedded flame-retardant mats were reduced from 1215.94 MPa to 885.92 MPa and 975.48 MPa, respectively. Similarly, the bending strength was reduced from 836.41 MPa to 767.03 MPa and 811.36 MPa, respectively. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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| 3. |
- Duan, Y., et al.
(författare)
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Apple orchard waste recycling and valorization of valuable product-A review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bioengineered. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2165-5979 .- 2165-5987. ; 12:1, s. 476-495
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Huge quantities of apple orchard waste (AOW) generated could be regarded as a promising alternative energy source for fuel and material production. Conventional and traditional processes for disposal of these wastes are neither economical nor environment friendly. Hence, sustainable technologies are required to be developed to solve this long-term existence and continuous growing problem. In light of these issues, this review pays attention towards sustainable and renewable systems, various value-added products from an economic and environmental perspective. Refined bio-product derived from AOW contributes to resource and energy demand comprising of biomethane, bioethanol, biofuels, bio-fertilizers, biochar, and biochemicals, such as organic acid, and enzymes. However, the market implementation of biological recovery requires reliable process technology integrated with an eco-friendly and economic production chain, classified management.
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| 4. |
- Mukesh Kumar, Awasthi, et al.
(författare)
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A comprehensive review on thermochemical, and biochemical conversion methods of lignocellulosic biomass into valuable end product
- 2023
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier. - 0016-2361 .- 1873-7153. ; 342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lignocellulosic wastes have emerged as a potential feedstock in the last decades. There are multiple reasons for its abundance, easy availability, economic, and abundant sources. It can be used to produce several value-added products. Among them, fuel is considered one of the important requirements. Production of fuel from lignocellulosic biomass is a tricky business. The major reason for its failure is the low product yield. Therefore, high yield and low-cost are the two key parameters which need significant optimization. To achieve the target several newer technologies such as pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction and gasification have emerged. These techniques are much more efficient than that of conventional acid or alkali. At the same time quality of the product is also improved. The focus of this review is to analyze the efficiency of chemical conversion of lignocellulosic residues into valuable fuels keeping in mind the cost-reduction strategies.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Mukesh Kumar, Awasthi, et al.
(författare)
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Biotechnological strategies for bio-transforming biosolid into resources toward circular bio-economy : A review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 156
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biosolids are the biological organic matter extracted from various treatment processes of wastewater which are considered as a rich source of energy and nutrients. The most commonly used method for the disposal of biosolids is landfilling. But this causes the loss of valuable nutrients and creates environmental issues. Circular economy approaches provide a better way for utilization these resources in a sustainable manner. This allows maximum utilization of resources and many natural resources can be preserved and utilized for future generations. The present review provides a comprehensive illustration of biotechnological approaches for the utilization of biosolids. Various process strategies for the utilization of biosolids for the production of energy, fuels and valueadded products are discussed. The utilization of this rich organic matter under circular economy has also been described in detail.
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