| 1. |
- Bett, Bernard, et al.
(författare)
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Climate Change and Infectious Livestock Diseases : The Case of Rift Valley Fever and Tick-Borne Diseases
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Climate-Smart Agriculture Papers. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319927978 - 9783319927985 ; , s. 29-37
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change influences the occurrence and transmission of a wide range of livestock diseases through multiple pathways. Diseases caused by pathogens that spent part of their life cycle outside the host (e.g. in vectors or the environment) are more sensitive in this regard, compared to those caused by obligate pathogens. In this chapter, we use two well-studied vector-borne diseases—Rift Valley fever (RVF) and tick-borne diseases (TBDs)—as case studies to describe direct pathways through which climate change influences infectious disease-risk in East and southern Africa. The first case study demonstrates that changes in the distribution and frequency of above-normal precipitation increases the frequency of RVF epidemics. The second case study suggests that an increase in temperature would cause shifts in the spatial distribution of TBDs, with cooler and wetter areas expected to experience heightened risk with climate change. These diseases already cause severe losses in agricultural productivity, food security and socio-economic development wherever they occur, and an increase in their incidence or geographical coverage would intensify these losses. We further illustrate some of the control measures that can be used to manage these diseases and recommend that more research should be done to better understand the impacts of climate change on livestock diseases as well as on the effectiveness of the available intervention measures.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Lindahl, Johanna
(författare)
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Rift Valley Fever and the Changing Environment: A Case Study in East Africa
- 2017
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Ingår i: Examining the Role of Environmental Change on Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemics. - : IGI Global. - 9781522505532 ; , s. 178-204
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rift Valley fever is a severe disease affecting both humans and animals. The Rift Valley fever virus can be transmitted by body fluids, and the most common way for humans to get infected is from animals. The virus is also vector-borne and can be transmitted by many species of mosquitoes. As with other vector-borne diseases, the epidemiology may vary in response to environmental changes. Here the effects of climate and land use changes on Rift Valley fever, as well as on other vector-borne diseases, are discussed. The effect of irrigation in East Africa on inter-epidemic transmission of RVF is discussed in greater detail, followed by recommendations for future research and actions.
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| 4. |
- Lindahl, Johanna
(författare)
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Urban Livestock Keeping
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cities and Agriculture : Developing Resilient Urban Food Systems. - 9781138860582 ; , s. 255-284
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Lindahl, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Urban Livestock Keeping : Leveraging for Food and Nutrition Security
- 2019
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability. - : Elsevier. - 9780128126882 ; , s. 322-325
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In spite of the importance of urban livestock keeping in providing the urban populations with livelihoods and nutritious foods, this phenomenon does have both benefits and negative effects. Here we explore the different strengths and weaknesses of urban livestock systems, including the risks for transmission of diseases and contribution to poor sanitation. In addition we look at the opportunities and threats that urban livestock keeping may face in the future, which are often dependent on policies and public attitudes.
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| 6. |
- Lindahl, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Urban Livestock-Keeping : Contributions to Food and Nutrition Security
- 2018
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability. - : Elsevier. - 9780128126882 ; , s. 317-321
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When more and more people live in cities, there is increased need to produce food close to and within cities. The high value of livestock products and the increasing demand from the growing urban middle classes create a niche for urban livestock keeping, which contribute to the food security and the livelihoods of many different value chain actors. This chapter explores the different kinds of urban livestock keeping in low and middle-income countries and provides a view of the dynamics as well as the importance.
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| 7. |
- Makita, Kohei, et al.
(författare)
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Computation of Risk Assessment Modelling
- 2019
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability. - : Elsevier. - 9780128126882 ; , s. 371-380
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demand for risk assessment to evaluate the safety of foods is increasing in low and middle income countries, but almost no textbook on risk assessment modelling for informal market is available. This chapter introduces practical steps for the risk assessors to tackle with such a situation.
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| 8. |
- Ngotho-Esilaba, Rosemary, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of Challenges Facing Pastoral Small Ruminant Production in a Changing Climate in Kenya
- 2018
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Ingår i: Handbook of Climate Change Resilience. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319710259
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impacts of climate change on domestic animal health in pastoral areas have not been well studied or documented. Many challenges facing and compromising efficiency of pastoralism remain amorphous, with the result that as trialed climate adaptation initiatives continue to be ineffective in some sub-Saharan arid and semiarid areas. At the heart of faced challenges is the impact of heightened and accelerated climate variability on the epidemiology of livestock diseases. This paper presents a description of general and disease challenges facing small ruminants’ producers in a pastoral county in Kenya. A disease lens is used in deconstructing the challenges using participatory multi-stakeholder approaches. In conclusion, the paper outlines pathways for building resilience in small ruminant health and production in pastoral areas. The recommendations may be used to inform policymakers and organizations dealing with disease risk, mitigation, and control, as well as those concerned with sustainable pastoral development.
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