| 1. |
- Bröms, G., et al.
(författare)
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Disease characteristics at time of diagnosis of adult onset inflammatory bowel disease and the risk of venous thromboembolism in the modern era - A Swedish nationwide cohort study 2007-2021
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis. - : Oxford University Press. - 1873-9946 .- 1876-4479. ; 18:Suppl. 1, s. I1945-I1947
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Studies from mainly before the wide use of targeted therapies and guidelines for thromboprophylaxis indicate that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a doubled risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We studied the risk of VTE in a modern-day cohort of patients with IBD, overall and in subgroups of disease characteristics.Methods: Using Swedish healthcare registers, we identified a nationwide population-based cohort of 55,252 patients with incident IBD between 2007 and 2021 with a median follow-up time of 6.5 years. Patients were matched by age, sex, calendar year and county of residence with up to ten reference individuals from the general population (N=536,067). The primary outcome was VTE, including pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis. Incidence rates per 1,000 person-years and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for IBD in general and according to disease subtype, sex, age and disease characteristics at diagnosis. HRs stratified by matching variables (model 1) and additionally adjusted for comorbidities and socioeconomic factors (model 2) were estimated by using Cox regression.Results: The incidence rate of VTE among patients with IBD was 5.03 per 1,000 person-years compared with 2.34 per 1,000 person-years among reference individuals (Table 1). This corresponded to a doubled incidence of VTE (HR=2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.07-2.29, model 1). Adjusting further for covariates in model 2 had only minor effects on the HR. The HR was consistent across IBD subtypes and sex. The relative risk was higher for those with younger age (18-39 years) at IBD diagnosis (HR 2.52, 95% CI: 2.22-2.83) with a risk difference of 1.25 per 1,000 person-years. The IR, 10.64 per 1,000 person-years, and risk difference, 5.42 per 1,000 person-years, was the highest for those with elderly onset (≥60 years) IBD. There was a stronger association for those with extensive ulcerative colitis (E3), primary sclerosing cholangitis, extraintestinal manifestations and perianal disease. HRs for VTE were persistently elevated across follow-up time, but was higher during the first year of follow-up (Figure 1).Conclusion: The risk of VTE was doubled in these modern-day data and remained elevated across follow-up time. Disease characteristics associated with higher inflammatory burden at diagnosis and older age are markers of increased risk. This underscores the importance of continuous vigilance and individual assessment of risk factors for VTE in patients with IBD.
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| 3. |
- Hyvonen, R., et al.
(författare)
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The likely impact of elevated [CO2], nitrogen deposition, increased temperature and management on carbon sequestration in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems: a literature review
- 2007
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Ingår i: New Phytologist. - Cambridge : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 173:3, s. 463-480
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Temperate and boreal forest ecosystems contain a large part of the carbon stored on land, in the form of both biomass and soil organic matter. Increasing atmospheric [CO2], increasing temperature, elevated nitrogen deposition and intensified management will change this C store. Well documented single-factor responses of net primary production are: higher photosynthetic rate (the main [CO2] response); increasing length of growing season (the main temperature response); and higher leaf-area index (the main N deposition and partly [CO2] response). Soil organic matter will increase with increasing litter input, although priming may decrease the soil C stock initially, but litter quality effects should be minimal (response to [CO2], N deposition, and temperature); will decrease because of increasing temperature; and will increase because of retardation of decomposition with N deposition, although the rate of decomposition of high-quality litter can be increased and that of low-quality litter decreased. Single-factor responses can be misleading because of interactions between factors, in particular those between N and other factors, and indirect effects such as increased N availability from temperature-induced decomposition. In the long term the strength of feedbacks, for example the increasing demand for N from increased growth, will dominate over short-term responses to single factors. However, management has considerable potential for controlling the C store.
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| 4. |
- Memedi, Mevludin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported symptoms and motor tests via telemetry in a 36-month levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel infusion trial
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: To determine if a home environment test battery can be used to measure effects of Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment intervention and disease progression.Background: Sixty-five patients diagnosed with advanced PD were recruited in an open longitudinal 36-month study. On inclusion, 35 of them were treated with continuous intraduodenal administration of a levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) and 30 patients were candidates for switching from conventional oral PD treatment to LCIG. They utilized a test battery, consisting of self-assessments and fine motor tests (tapping and spiral drawings), in their homes. Assessments were performed four times per day during week-long test periods. For the majority of these test periods, UPDRS and PDQ-39 ratings were performed at the start of the period.Methods: The test battery time series were summarized into scores for representing symptom severities over test periods. Six conceptual dimensions were defined; four subjectively-reported: ‘Walking’, ‘Satisfied’, ‘Dyskinesia’ and ‘Off’, and two objectively-measured: ‘Tapping’ and ‘Spiral’. In addition, an overall test score (OTS) was defined to represent the overall condition of a patient during a test period.Results: In LCIG-naïve patients, mean OTS improved startingf rom the first test period on LCIG treatment and this improvement remained statistically significant until month 24 (figure). In contrast to objectively-measured dimensions, mean scores of subjectively-reported dimensions improved significantly throughout the study. In LCIG-non-na€ıve patients, there were no significant changes in mean OTS, except at month 36 (p < 0.01). The OTS correlated adequately with total UPDRS (rho 5 0.59) and total PDQ-39 (0.59).Conclusions: Using the test battery it is possible to monitor PD symptoms over time. The trends of the test scores were strikingly similar to the trends of the clinical rating scores. Correlations between OTS and the rating scales were adequate indicating that the test battery contains important elements of the information of these well-established scales.
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| 5. |
- Molina, Sergi, et al.
(författare)
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The ILIAD Safety Stack : Human-Aware Infrastructure-Free Navigation of Industrial Mobile Robots
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE robotics & automation magazine. - : IEEE. - 1070-9932 .- 1558-223X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current intralogistics services require keeping up with e-commerce demands, reducing delivery times and waste, and increasing overall flexibility. As a consequence, the use of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and, more recently, autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) for logistics operations is steadily increasing.
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| 6. |
- Sundermann, Oliver, et al.
(författare)
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"When I feel the worst pain, I look like shit" - body image concerns in persistent pain
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Pain. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 1877-8860 .- 1877-8879. ; 18:3, s. 379-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Persistent pain is a pervasive condition that is often associated with a distorted body image. Most research into pain and body image investigated neural or physiological correlates (e.g. phantom limb pain), and much less is known about the psychological experience of body image changes in response to pain such as appearance concerns. The aim was to examine body image concerns in people with persistent pain, in particular appearance concerns and related coping behaviours and appearance-related emotions such as anger and shame.Methods: Design was cross-sectional and data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with people suffering from persistent musculoskeletal pain (n = 7; six females; age = 19-56), and analysed with inductive thematic analysis (TA).Results: Two main themes were identified: "Relationship to the painful body" and "Dissatisfaction with the body", each containing three subthemes, along with the side-theme "Appearance concerns affected by pain and mood". All participants reported appearance concerns, predominantly about their weight and related coping behaviours such as avoidance of mirrors, exercising or dieting and pain-induced mood changes that were associated with a negative body image.Conclusions: People with persistent pain report appearance concerns, often related to pain-induced negative mood changes, and reduced functioning. It remains unclear to what extent attitudes towards the body change over time in accordance with pain. A wider concept of body image is required, including the perception of reduced functioning, related appraisals (e.g. "I look weak and old") and appearance investment.
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| 7. |
- Triebel, Rudolph, et al.
(författare)
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SPENCER : A Socially Aware Service Robot for Passenger Guidance and Help in Busy Airports
- 2016
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Ingår i: Field and Service Robotics. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319277028 - 9783319277004 ; , s. 607-622
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an ample description of a socially compliant mobile robotic platform, which is developed in the EU-funded project SPENCER. The purpose of this robot is to assist, inform and guide passengers in large and busy airports. One particular aim is to bring travellers of connecting flights conveniently and efficiently from their arrival gate to the passport control. The uniqueness of the project stems from the strong demand of service robots for this application with a large potential impact for the aviation industry on one side, and on the other side from the scientific advancements in social robotics, brought forward and achieved in SPENCER. The main contributions of SPENCER are novel methods to perceive, learn, and model human social behavior and to use this knowledge to plan appropriate actions in real-time for mobile platforms. In this paper, we describe how the project advances the fields of detection and tracking of individuals and groups, recognition of human social relations and activities, normative human behavior learning, socially-aware task and motion planning, learning socially annotated maps, and conducting empirical experiments to assess socio-psychological effects of normative robot behaviors.
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| 8. |
- Wiegleb Edström, Desirée, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Phototherapy with ultraviolet radiation : a study of hormone parameters and psychological effects
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0926-9959 .- 1468-3083. ; 24:4, s. 403-409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Patients report well-being as they are treated with phototherapy. We investigated hormone parameters and psychological well-being after phototherapy in a placebo-controlled study.METHODS: A total of 77 patients with dermatological conditions and 22 healthy volunteers were divided into four groups. The patients received phototherapy either on the whole body or only on hands and/or feet. The volunteers were given either whole-body phototherapy or placebo light. Serum or plasma samples were analysed for cortisol, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, TSH, T(4), T(3) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and urine samples for cortisol. Patients and volunteers answered a questionnaire before and 6 weeks after phototherapy/placebo light. Psychiatric ratings were performed according to the Comprehensive Psychopathological Self-rating Scale for Affective Syndromes, a self-report version of which has been transformed to correspond to the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).RESULTS: In the patients who received whole-body irradiation, we observed a significant improvement in both MADRS score and cognitive-symptom score after the completion of phototherapy. We also observed a significantly higher level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D after phototherapy, but no difference in the other hormone parameters.CONCLUSION: Whole-body phototherapy of patients with dermatological conditions results in improved well-being and significantly higher levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in serum.
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| 9. |
- Yndigegn, Troels, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term Safety of Revascularization Deferral Based on Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio or Fractional Flow Reserve
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions. - : Elsevier. - 2772-9303. ; 2:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Deferral of coronary revascularization is safe whether guided by instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) or by fractional flow reserve (FFR). We aimed to assess long-term outcomes in patients deferred from revascularization based on iFR or FFR in a large real-world population.Methods: From 2013 through 2017, 201,933 coronary angiographies were registered in the Swedish Web-System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART). We included all patients (n = 11,324) with at least 1 coronary lesion deferred from PCI during an index procedure using iFR (>0.89; n = 1998) or FFR (>0.80; n = 9326). The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as the composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization. A multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model was used, with analysis for interaction of prespecified subgroups.Results: Patients presented with stable angina pectoris (iFR 46.9% vs FFR 48.6%), unstable angina or non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction (iFR 37.7% vs FFR 33.1%), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (iFR 1.9% vs FFR 1.6%), and other indications (iFR 12.5% vs FFR 15.7%). The median follow-up was 2 years for both iFR and FFR groups. At the conclusion of the study, the cumulative MACE risks were 26.7 for the iFR group and 25.9% for FFR group. In the adjusted analysis, no difference was found between the 2 groups (adjusted hazard ratio: iFR vs FFR, 0.947; 95% CI, 0.84-1.08; P = 39). Consistent with the overall findings, the prespecified subgroups showed no interaction with the FFR/iFR results.Conclusions: Deferral of revascularization showed similar long-term safety whether based on iFR or on FFR.
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