| 1. |
- Abd Nikooie Pour, Mina, et al.
(författare)
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Results of the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative 2021
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Ontology Matching co-located with the 20th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2021), Virtual conference, October 25, 2021. - : CEUR-WS.org. ; , s. 62-108, s. 62-108
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI) aims at comparing ontology matching systems on precisely defined test cases. These test cases can be based on ontologies of different levels of complexity and use different evaluation modalities (e.g., blind evaluation, open evaluation, or consensus).The OAEI 2021 campaign offered 13 tracks and was attended by 21 participants.This paper is an overall presentation of that campaign.
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| 2. |
- Biurrun, Idoia, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking plant diversity of Palaearctic grasslands and other open habitats
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Vegetation Science. - Oxford : John Wiley & Sons. - 1100-9233 .- 1654-1103. ; 32:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Journal of Vegetation Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Association for Vegetation Science.Aims: Understanding fine-grain diversity patterns across large spatial extents is fundamental for macroecological research and biodiversity conservation. Using the GrassPlot database, we provide benchmarks of fine-grain richness values of Palaearctic open habitats for vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and complete vegetation (i.e., the sum of the former three groups). Location: Palaearctic biogeographic realm. Methods: We used 126,524 plots of eight standard grain sizes from the GrassPlot database: 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1,000 m2 and calculated the mean richness and standard deviations, as well as maximum, minimum, median, and first and third quartiles for each combination of grain size, taxonomic group, biome, region, vegetation type and phytosociological class. Results: Patterns of plant diversity in vegetation types and biomes differ across grain sizes and taxonomic groups. Overall, secondary (mostly semi-natural) grasslands and natural grasslands are the richest vegetation type. The open-access file ”GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks” and the web tool “GrassPlot Diversity Explorer” are now available online (https://edgg.org/databases/GrasslandDiversityExplorer) and provide more insights into species richness patterns in the Palaearctic open habitats. Conclusions: The GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks provide high-quality data on species richness in open habitat types across the Palaearctic. These benchmark data can be used in vegetation ecology, macroecology, biodiversity conservation and data quality checking. While the amount of data in the underlying GrassPlot database and their spatial coverage are smaller than in other extensive vegetation-plot databases, species recordings in GrassPlot are on average more complete, making it a valuable complementary data source in macroecology. © 2021 The Authors.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Dulaimi, Anmar, et al.
(författare)
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Innovative geopolymer-based cold asphalt emulsion mixture as eco-friendly material
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer. - 2045-2322. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, there has been a growing interest in cold asphalt emulsion mixture (CAEM) due to its numerous advantages, including reduced CO2 emissions, energy savings, and improved safety during construction and application. However, CAEM has often been considered inferior to hot mix asphalt (HMA) in terms of performance. To address this issue and achieve desirable performance characteristics, researchers have been exploring the modification of CAEM using high-cost additives like ordinary Portland cement. In this study, the focus was on investigating the effects of utilizing waste alkaline Ca(OH)2 solution, ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), and calcium carbide residue (CCR) as modifiers to enhance the properties of CAEM. The aim was to develop an innovative geopolymer geopolymer-based cold asphalt emulsion mixture (GCAE). The results of the study revealed that the use of waste alkaline Ca(OH)2 solution led to an increase in early hydration, which was confirmed through scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the experimental findings demonstrated that waste alkaline Ca(OH)2 solution significantly contributed to the rapid development of early-age strength in GCAE. As a result, GCAE showed great potential for utilization in pavement applications, particularly for roads subjected to harsh service conditions involving moisture and temperature. By exploring these alternative modifiers, the study highlights a promising avenue for enhancing the performance of CAEM and potentially reducing the reliance on expensive additives like ordinary Portland cement. The development of GCAE has the potential to offer improved performance and durability in pavement applications, thus contributing to sustainable and efficient road infrastructure.
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| 5. |
- Hai, Tao, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced security using multiple paths routine scheme in cloud-MANETs
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Cloud Computing. - : Springer. - 2192-113X. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cloud Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (Cloud-MANETs) is a framework that can access and deliver cloud services to MANET users through their smart devices. MANETs is a pool of self-organized mobile gadgets that can communicate with each other with no support from a central authority or infrastructure. The main advantage of MANETs is its ability to manage mobility while data communication between different users in the system occurs. In MANETs, clustering is an active technique used to manage mobile nodes. The security of MANETs is a key aspect for the fundamental functionality of the network. Addressing the security-related problems ensures that the confidentiality and integrity of the data transmission is secure. MANETs are highly prone to attacks because of their properties.In clustering schemes, the network is broken down to sub-networks called clusters. These clusters can have overlapping nodes or be disjointed. An enhanced node referred to asthe Cluster Head (CH) is chosen from each set to overseetasks related to routing. It decreases the member nodes’ overhead and improvesthe performance of the system. The relationship between the nodes and CH may vary randomly, leading to re-associations and re-clustering in a MANET that is clustered. An efficient and effective routing protocol is required to allow networking and to find the most suitable paths between the nodes. The networking must be spontaneous, infrastructure-less, and provide end-to-end interactions. The aim of routing is the provision of maximum network load distribution and robust networks. This study focused on the creation of a maximal route between a pair of nodes, and to ensure the appropriate and accurate delivery of the packet. The proposed solution ensured that routing can be carried out with the lowest bandwidth consumption. Compared to existing protocols, the proposed solution had a control overhead of 24, packet delivery ratio of 81, the lowest average end-to-end delay of 6, and an improved throughput of 80,000, thereby enhancing the output of the network. Our result shows that multipath routing enables the network to identify alternate paths connecting the destination and source. Routing is required to conserve energy and for optimum bandwidth utilization.
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| 6. |
- Jiang, Bin, et al.
(författare)
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Topological structure of urban street networks from the perspective of degree correlations
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environment and Planning, B. - : SAGE Publications. - 0265-8135 .- 1472-3417. ; 41:5, s. 813-828
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many complex networks demonstrate a phenomenon of striking degree correlations: that is, a node tends to link to other nodes with similar (or dissimilar) degrees. From the perspective of degree correlations, in this paper we attempt to characterize topological structures of urban street networks. We adopted six urban street networks (three European and three North American), and converted them into network topologies in which nodes and edges represent individual streets and street intersections, respectively, and compared the network topologies with three reference network topologies (biological, technological, and social). The urban street network topologies (with the exception of Manhattan) showed a consistent pattern that distinctly differs from the three reference networks. The topologies of urban street networks lack striking degree correlations in general. Through reshuffling the network topologies towards, for example, maximum or minimum degree correlations while retaining the initial degree distributions, we found that all the surrogate topologies of the urban street networks, as well as the reference ones, tended to deviate from small-world properties. This implies that the initial degree correlations do not have any positive or negative effect on the networks’ performance or functions.
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| 7. |
- Lu, J, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical vapour deposition of molybdenum carbides: aspects of phase stability
- 2000
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Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 370:1-2, s. 203-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thin films of different molybdenum carbides (δ-MoC1−x, γ′-MoC1−x and Mo2C) have been deposited from a gas mixture of MoCl5/H2/C2H4 at 800°C by CVD. The H2 content in the vapour has a strong influence on the phase composition and microstructure. Typically, high H2 contents lead to the formation of nanocrystalline δ-MoC1−x films while coarse-grained γ′-MoC1−x is formed with an H2-free gas mixture. This phase has previously only been synthesized by carburization of Mo in a CO atmosphere and it has therefore been considered as an oxycarbide phase stabilized by the presence of oxygen in the lattice. Our results, however, show that γ′-MoC1−x films containing only trace amounts of oxygen can be deposited by CVD. Stability calculations using a FP-LMTO method confirmed that the γ′-MoC1−x phase is stabilized by oxygen but that the difference in energy between e.g. δ-MoC0.75 and oxygen-free γ′-MoC0.75 is small enough to allow the synthesis of the latter phase in the absence of kinetic constraints. Annealing experiments of metastable δ-MoC1−x and γ′-MoC1−x films showed two different reaction products suggesting that kinetic effects play an important role in the decomposition of these phases.
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| 8. |
- Schreurs, Guido, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking analogue models of brittle thrust wedges
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Structural Geology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0191-8141 .- 1873-1201. ; 92, s. 116-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We performed a quantitative comparison of brittle thrust wedge experiments to evaluate the variability among analogue models and to appraise the reproducibility and limits of model interpretation. Fifteen analogue modeling laboratories participated in this benchmark initiative. Each laboratory received a shipment of the same type of quartz and corundum sand and all laboratories adhered to a stringent model building protocol and used the same type of foil to cover base and sidewalls of the sandbox. Sieve structure, sifting height, filling rate, and details on off-scraping of excess sand followed prescribed procedures. Our analogue benchmark shows that even for simple plane-strain experiments with prescribed stringent model construction techniques, quantitative model results show variability, most notably for surface slope, thrust spacing and number of forward and backthrusts. One of the sources of the variability in model results is related to slight variations in how sand is deposited in the sandbox. Small changes in sifting height, sifting rate, and scraping will result in slightly heterogeneous material bulk densities, which will affect the mechanical properties of the sand, and will result in lateral and vertical differences in peak and boundary friction angles, as well as cohesion values once the model is constructed. Initial variations in basal friction are inferred to play the most important role in causing model variability. Our comparison shows that the human factor plays a decisive role, and even when one modeler repeats the same experiment, quantitative model results still show variability. Our observations highlight the limits of up-scaling quantitative analogue model results to nature or for making comparisons with numerical models. The frictional behavior of sand is highly sensitive to small variations in material state or experimental set-up, and hence, it will remain difficult to scale quantitative results such as number of thrusts, thrust spacing, and pop-up width from model to nature.
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