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- Fischer, Thomas, et al.
(author)
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Introduction : Neutrality and Nonalignment in World Politics during the Cold War
- 2016
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In: Journal of Cold War Studies. - 1520-3972 .- 1531-3298. ; 18:4, s. 4-11
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Over the past two decades, research on Cold War neutrality has advanced rapidly. With the declassification of important archival collections, the image of the four European “classic” neutrals—Austria, Finland, Sweden, and Switzerland—has changed considerably. New facets have emerged in the understanding of how neutrality functioned as a part of the Cold War international system. In particular, the importance and connections of neutrality's domestic political and ideational dimensions in foreign policymaking has been stressed in the latest research on Cold War neutrality.
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| 2. |
- Makko, Aryo, 1979-
(author)
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Arbitrator in a World of Wars : The League of Nations and the Mosul Dispute, 1924-1925
- 2010
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In: Diplomacy & Statecraft. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-2296 .- 1557-301X. ; 21:4, s. 631-649
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The League of Nations is primarily remembered for its failures in the 1930s. Indeed, the established perception of its history usually emphasizes weaknesses. Failing to settle the question of which Power should possess the former Ottoman province of Mosul after the First World War, Turkey saw the dispute addressed to the League in summer 1924. Within a short time, a multi-leveled negotiation process that involved a large number of politicians, diplomats, and lawyers was put in motion. Sixteen months and many crises later, the League Council awarded the entire Mosul province to Iraq. The arbitration had been based upon data collected by two enquiry commissions comprising representatives from eight different Powers, the work of both numerous mediators, and a Council sub-committee. Though certainly not perfect, the League's role averted war and renewed disaster.
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| 6. |
- Makko, Aryo, Docent, 1979-
(author)
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Har neutraliteten nått vägs ände?
- 2022
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In: Kvartal. - 2002-6269.
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Nu skrivs historien om de senaste tre decenniernas säkerhetspolitik om, samtidigt som teoribildningen om internationella relationer förändras, skriver historieprofessorn Aryo Makko. Frågan är hur länge det kommer att finnas neutrala länder i Europa.
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| 7. |
- Makko, Aryo, 1979-
(author)
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I Imperialismens kölvatten? Ett maritimt perspektiv på stormaktsspelet, kolonialism utan kolonier och den svensk-norska konsulsstaten, 1875–1905 : [A maritime perspective on great power politics, imperialism without colonies and Swedish-Norwegian consulship, 1875-1905]
- 2014
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In: Historisk Tidskrift. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 134:3, s. 499-523
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A maritime perspective on great power politics, imperialism without colonies and Swedish-Norwegian consulship, 1875–1905This article investigates the Swedish-Norwegian consular establishment during the age of empires in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. It presents preliminary results from an on-going research project, which explores consular archives previously overlooked. The article’s main purpose is to offer a fresh perspective on the relevance of shipping and the role of consuls in the foreign policy of the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway. It departs chronologically and thematically from the so-called Concert of Europe in 1815 and the subsequent expansion of European imperialism in the mid-19th century, and theoretically from theories of informal empire and free trade imperialism. Sweden-Norway could not keep up with the military build-up of the great powers, such as Great Britain, France, Germany and Russia. At the same time, the Nordic union had one of the world’s largest merchant fleets at its command. A growing number of consulates all over the world allowed Swedish and Norwegian manufacturers and merchants a presence that enabled them to participate in and profit from the globalizing economy. At its peak, the small Nordic state commanded over 100 consulates with more than 800 increasingly professional and legally trained consular staff. With growing significance came greater prestige and an increasingly intimate relationship between the diplomatic corps and the consular service. This article suggests that the military superiority of the great powers forced small states such as Sweden-Norway to respond by developing and employing global trade strategies and making them an integral part of their foreign policy.
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| 9. |
- Makko, Aryo, 1979-
(author)
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Multilateralism and the Shaping of an 'Active Foreign Policy' : Sweden during the preparatory phase of the CSCE
- 2010
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In: Scandinavian Journal of History. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0346-8755 .- 1502-7716. ; 35:3, s. 310-329
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article deals with the early reactions of Swedish decision-makers and diplomats on the idea and preparations for the convocation of the Conference on Security and Cooperation inEurope (CSCE), mainly during the years 1969–1971. On the basis of recently declassifieddiplomatic sources from the archive of the Swedish Foreign Ministry, the study outlines therole of Swedish diplomacy in the preparatory phase of the security conference as part of thewider context of European Neutrality during détente. It is the very first contribution to the historiography of the Helsinki process based on Swedish archival material, and suggeststhat the picture of Sweden’s widely mentioned active foreign policy at that time should befurther scrutinized. It also sheds new light on the paradox between Swedish involvement inEuropean and global politics.
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| 10. |
- Makko, Aryo, 1979-
(author)
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S’éloigner ou rester ensemble : La Scandinavie dans la guerre froide
- 2020
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In: Guerres Mondiales et Conflits Contemporains. - : CAIRN. - 0984-2292 .- 2101-0137. ; :279, s. 81-95
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Les pays scandinaves, le Danemark, la Norvège et la Suède partagent une histoire commune. Ils sont liés entre eux par la géographie et partagent un patrimoine culturel et linguistique commun. Avant de devenir un État indépendant en 1905, la Norvège a ainsi été unie à ses deux pays voisins pendant plus de cinq siècles - d'abord au Danemark et au XIXe siècle à la Suède. Ayant choisi la neutralité avant la guerre, les décideurs de Copenhague, d'Oslo et de Stockholm voyaient pourtant l'avenir différemment. Après l'échec des négociations sur une union de défense scandinave à la fin des années 1940, les pays prirent donc des chemins différents : Le Danemark et la Norvège - qui tous deux avaient été envahis par les nazis - rejoignirent l'OTAN tandis que la Suède revenait à la politique de neutralité. Cet article examine comment les pays nordiques affrontèrent cette division et réussirent souvent à relever ensemble les défis posés par la division Est-Ouest, la décolonisation ou l'émergence d'une gouvernance mondiale.
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