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- Longinetti, Elisa, et al.
(författare)
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Neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases among families with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neurology. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 89:6, s. 578-585
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: To estimate risks of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases among patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and their families. Methods: We conducted a register-based nested case-control study during 1990-2013 in Sweden to assess whether ALS patients had higher risks of other neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases before diagnosis. We included 3,648 ALS patients and 36,480 age-, sex-, and county-of-birth matched population controls. We further conducted a follow-up study of the cases and controls to assess the risks of other neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases after ALS diagnosis. To assess the potential contribution of familial factors, we conducted similar studies for the relatives of ALS patients and their controls. Results: Individuals with previous neurodegenerative or psychiatric diseases had a 49% increased risk of ALS (odds ratio=1.49, 95% confidence interval=1.35-1.66), compared to individuals without these diseases. After diagnosis, ALS patients had increased risks of other neurodegenerative or psychiatric diseases (hazard ratio=2.90, 95% confidence interval=2.46-3.43), compared to individuals without ALS. The strongest associations were noted for frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson’s disease, other dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, neurotic disorders, depression, stress-related disorders, and drug abuse/dependence. First-degree relatives of ALS patients had higher risk of neurodegenerative diseases, whereas only children of ALS patients had higher risk of psychiatric disorders, compared to relatives of the controls. Conclusions: Familial aggregation of ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases implies a shared etiopathogenesis among all neurodegenerative diseases. The increased risk of psychiatric disorders among ALS patients and their children might be attributable to non-motor symptoms of ALS and severe stress response toward the diagnosis.
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| 2. |
- Mariosa, Daniela, et al.
(författare)
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Antidiabetics, Statins, and the Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 27:6, s. 1010-1016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Medications that are used for treatment of metabolic disorders have been suggested to be associated with the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).METHODS: To examine the associations of antidiabetics and statins with the subsequent risk of ALS we conducted a population-based nested case-control study of 2,475 Swedish residents diagnosed with ALS during July 2006-December 2013, and 12,375 population controls (five for each ALS case). We extracted from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register information on filled prescriptions of antidiabetics and statins for both cases and controls during the years before ALS diagnosis. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for the associations of these medications with ALS risk.RESULTS: ALS patients were less likely to have been prescribed with antidiabetics, compared to controls (OR=0.76, 95%CI=0.65-0.90). Conversely, statins were not associated with ALS risk overall (OR=1.08, 95%CI=0.98-1.19), although a positive association was noted among women (OR=1.28, 95%CI=1.10-1.48). The latter association was mostly explained by ALS cases being more likely to have a first prescription of statins during the year before diagnosis, compared to controls (OR=2.54, 95%CI=1.84-3.49).CONCLUSIONS: The inverse association of antidiabetics with ALS is consistent with the previously reported inverse association between type 2 diabetes and ALS risk. The increase in prescription of statins during the year before ALS diagnosis deserves attention because it might reflect an acceleration of the course of ALS due to statin use.
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| 3. |
- Sun, Jiangwei, et al.
(författare)
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Antibiotics Use and Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 26:11, s. 1355-1361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous animal studies have suggested disrupted intestinal microbiome in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Due to the known effect of antibiotics on gut microflora, the potential role of antibiotics use on the risk of ALS deserves an investigation.METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted using several Swedish national registers. We included 2,484 ALS patients diagnosed between July 1, 2006 and December 31, 2013 as cases and randomly selected five controls per case who were individually matched to the case by sex, birth year, and area of residence from the general Swedish population. Information on antibiotics prescriptions before ALS diagnosis was extracted from the Prescribed Drug Register for both cases and controls. Conditional logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).RESULTS: After accounting for potential diagnostic delay in ALS by excluding all prescriptions within one year before diagnosis, any antibiotics use was associated with a higher risk of ALS. The ORs (95% CIs) were 1.06 (0.94-1.19), 1.13 (1.00-1.28), and 1.18 (1.03-1.35) when comparing one, 2-3, and ≥4 prescriptions to no prescription (P for trend = 0.0069). Similar results were noted for antibiotics used for respiratory infections and urinary tract as well as skin and soft tissue infections. Among different individual antibiotics, the risk of ALS was especially increased in relation to more than two prescriptions of beta-lactamase sensitive penicillin (OR=1.28; 95% CI 1.10-1.50).CONCLUSIONS: Use of antibiotics, especially repeated, might be associated with a higher subsequent risk of ALS.
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