| 1. |
- Jones, Benedict C, et al.
(author)
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To which world regions does the valence-dominance model of social perception apply?
- 2021
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In: Nature Human Behaviour. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-3374. ; 5:1, s. 159-169
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Over the past 10 years, Oosterhof and Todorov's valence-dominance model has emerged as the most prominent account of how people evaluate faces on social dimensions. In this model, two dimensions (valence and dominance) underpin social judgements of faces. Because this model has primarily been developed and tested in Western regions, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other regions. We addressed this question by replicating Oosterhof and Todorov's methodology across 11 world regions, 41 countries and 11,570 participants. When we used Oosterhof and Todorov's original analysis strategy, the valence-dominance model generalized across regions. When we used an alternative methodology to allow for correlated dimensions, we observed much less generalization. Collectively, these results suggest that, while the valence-dominance model generalizes very well across regions when dimensions are forced to be orthogonal, regional differences are revealed when we use different extraction methods and correlate and rotate the dimension reduction solution. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 5 November 2018. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7611443.v1 .
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| 2. |
- Balakrishnan, A., et al.
(author)
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Effect of particle size in aggregated and agglomerated ceramic powders
- 2010
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In: Acta Materialia. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 58:3, s. 802-812
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This work describes the compaction of agglomerated and aggregated ceramic powders with special emphasis on the role of primary particle size. Discrete element simulations are used to model weakly bonded agglomerates as well as strongly bonded aggregates. Crushing tests are carried out to obtain the characteristic strength of single agglomerate and aggregate. Microstructure evolution and stress-strain curves indicate that aggregates undergo a brittle to plastic-like transition as particle size decreases below 50 nm. It is shown that agglomerates made of nanoparticles exhibit much greater strength than those made of micron-sized particles, with an approximately inverse linear relationship with primary particle size. Simulation of the uniaxial compaction of a representative volume element of powder demonstrates that adhesive effects are responsible for the difficulty to compact nanopowders and for the heterogeneity of microstructure prior to sintering. (C) 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Balakrishnan, A., et al.
(author)
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Modelling of compaction and green strength of aggregated ceramic powders
- 2011
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In: Journal of The American Ceramic Society. - 0002-7820 .- 1551-2916. ; 94:4, s. 1046-1052
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The behavior of aggregated ceramic powders is investigated using discrete element simulations. Aggregation (particles bonded by fused necks, resulting from calcination) is a common phenomenon observed during ceramic powder processing. In the present study, a small volume element of aggregated powder made of 40 spherical aggregates is modelled. Each aggregate comprises ∼500 spherical crystallites of 100 nm size. Mechanical interactions between crystallites are modelled to take into account strong bonds that form during calcination (with the possibility of breakage to model crushability), and adhesive contacts that form between submicrometer particles due to surface energy effects. The impact of having strongly bonded crystallites (high degree of calcination) or of having strongly adhesive particles (to mimic the use of a binder) is also investigated. Close die compaction and unloading from different compaction densities are carried out. It is observed that the final densification of the powder depends on the selection of process parameters like bond strength and work of adhesion between particles. This study also demonstrates a proportional relationship between the number of broken bonds in the green compacts and its strength. © 2010 The American Ceramic Society.
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| 4. |
- Dahlmo, K I, et al.
(author)
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On a new method to assess the accuracy of a CAD program.
- 2001
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In: International Journal of Prosthodontics. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0893-2174 .- 1139-9791. ; 14:3, s. 276-83
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: This study was initiated with the purpose of developing and evaluating a system for measuring the magnitude of the variation between a computer-aided design (CAD) object created on the computer screen and a replicated object produced by computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Controlled geometric forms, a square and a cone, were designed in a CAD program, and measuring distances were selected. The CAD data were transmitted to CAM data, and objects were produced. The CAD/CAM process was the Procera system, and the holder system permitted the objects to be ground into cross sections, similar to the visualization in the CAD program. Five objects of each shape were produced and measured by two operators two times. Three operators measured one of the objects 30 times. RESULTS: Observed values were greater than the true value. For all objects, the systematic error was at most 15.5 microns. Interoperator difference was small. The variation because of measurement error was greater for the square object compared to the cone. However, the variation because of object was higher for the cone object than for the square. The total standard deviation was 7.7 microns. Thus, the total random error caused by object variation and measurement error was in approximately 95% of all measurements less than 15 microns. CONCLUSION: There are no differences in the measurement data derived from this method and actual measurement data from an object created by the computer-aided dental design program. The method has high validity and reliability, i.e., high accuracy.
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| 5. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Interpretation of subjective symptoms in double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges - interobserver reliability
- 2004
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In: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 59, s. 354-356
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Subjective symptoms after food challenges are difficult to interpret and no standard is available. We discuss a strategy for how to interpret a diary. Furthermore, the interobserver reliability is evaluated. METHODS: Diaries for 32 patients with subjective symptoms were used. The diaries were re-evaluated with a predefined strategy by three independent observers. RESULTS: The proportion of positives was 21.9% among the old diagnoses, according to the new approach 34.4% (observers I and II) and 37.5% (observer III) were positive. The new approach had high interobserver reliability (97 and 100%). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of positives depends on how subjective symptoms are interpreted. Interpretations of subjective symptoms in diaries could be made with high interobserver reliability.
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| 6. |
- Magnusson, J, et al.
(author)
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A kinetic study in adults with food hypersensitivity assessed as eosinophil activation in fecal samples
- 2003
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In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 33:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Immune-mediated food hypersensitivity affecting the gut is difficult to evaluate, and objective tools to diagnose local gastrointestinal (GI) inflammatory reactions are lacking. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether allergic manifestations in adults with a history of food-related GI symptoms could be assessed in feces during symptomatic and non-symptomatic periods, using the surrogate markers, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil protein X (EPX) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). METHODS: Thirteen subjects with food hypersensitivity-related GI symptoms, confirmed by a positive double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC), were subjected to an open kinetic food challenge design for 6 weeks. Symptoms were recorded and scored during the 3-week study period and stool samples were obtained every day. The surrogate markers ECP, EPX and MPO were measured in the supernatants from feces samples. RESULTS: A significant increase in abdominal pain, distension and flatulence was observed during challenge, with a gradual decrease during elimination diet. Both between days and subjects, EPX levels were more frequently increased compared to ECP and MPO. Individuals with a history of a short duration of symptoms had significantly higher mean levels of EPX and MPO than those with a longer duration of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: An overall increase in levels of eosinophil markers, in particular EPX, was observed in feces from patients with food-related GI symptoms. However, rather than being a tool to differentiate symptomatic from non-symptomatic periods, EPX might be used for detecting an ongoing clinical or subclinical chronic inflammation, that may have an impact on the patient's clinical course of GI symptoms.
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| 7. |
- Pareto, Lena, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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Virtual TeleRehab : A case study
- 2011
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In: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. - 0926-9630 .- 1879-8365. - 9781607508052 ; 169, s. 676-80
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We examined the efficacy of a remotely based occupational therapy intervention. A 40-year-old woman who suffered a stroke participated in a telerehabilitation program. The intervention method is based on virtual reality gaming to enhance the training experience and to facilitate the relearning processes. The results indicate that Virtual TeleRehab is an effective method for motivational, economical, and practical reasons by combining game-based rehabilitation in the home with weekly distance meetings. © 2011 European Federation for Medical Informatics. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Saha, B. P., et al.
(author)
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Investigation of compaction behavior of alumina nano powder
- 2012
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In: Powder Technology. - 0032-5910 .- 1873-328X. ; 224, s. 90-95
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates the impact of natural agglomerates on powder processing and consolidation through a comprehensive study of compaction of alumina powders of different particle size (ranging from 10 to 650 nm) and shape (spherical and irregular). The yield points of individual powders were determined from the green density-pressure relationship to ascertain the effect of initial particle size on agglomeration. The effect of surface modification by binder addition, which suppresses the significance of the initial particle size, was also studied. Diametral compression tests were carried out to estimate the green strength of the compacts. Results revealed that the green strength is strongly influenced not only by the initial particle size but also by the particle size distribution. The diametrically broken samples were subjected to fractographic studies followed by image analysis to calculate the agglomerate area fraction. The area fraction was found to be high for samples with low green strength and vice versa. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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