| 1. |
- Holand, Øystein, et al.
(författare)
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Project ReiGN: reindeer husbandry in a globalizing North : resilience, adaptations and pathways for actions
- 2020
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Ingår i: ordic perspectives on the responsible development of the Arctic. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783030523237 - 9783030523268 - 9783030523244 ; , s. 227-248
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fennoscandian reindeer husbandry represents ecological, social-economical and institutional gradients reflected in different adaptations and management regimes. This provides for an interdisciplinary comparative research approach, between and within countries. By integrating perspectives from natural and social sciences, ReiGN engages in (1) identifying key drivers, (2) their effects on this pastoral system, and (3) how they are linked to ecological, social and political differences. In this chapter we outline the main challenges confronting this diverse and dynamic social-ecological system within a globalization and climate change perspective. This enables us to evaluate its adaptive capacities as well as its potential to stimulate policy decisions, societal responses and management actions for a viable reindeer husbandry. In this chapter we present reindeer husbandry in a historical context and introduce key concepts of Sámi reindeer husbandry to ease the understanding of our findings presented and discussed. We also offer an overview of the main research areas in which the ReiGN NCoE has conducted its work over the past several years.
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| 2. |
- Holand, Øystein, et al.
(författare)
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Reindeer pastoralism in Fennoscandia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Reindeer Husbandry and Global Environmental Change. - London : Routledge. - 9781000593402 - 9780367632670 ; , s. 7-47
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This introductory chapter presents reindeer pastoralism as a social-ecological system and outlines its essential components. Reindeer herders – the pastoralists of the north, the reindeer and the natural environment of Fennoscandia – are briefly introduced. The chapter describes how different historical, natural and social environments lead to different management forms in Finland, Norway and Sweden. Further, it provides a historical overview of reindeer pastoralism deeply embedded in Sámi and local culture and gives some key statistics of the situation today. Finally, it outlines the major challenges that reindeer pastoralism is facing today within the three Fennoscandian countries. This chapter therefore provides the background for the detailed analyses in the main part of this book.
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| 3. |
- Horstkotte, Tim, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Pastures under pressure : Effects of other land users and the environment
- 2022
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Ingår i: Reindeer Husbandry and Global Environmental Change. - London : Routledge. - 9781000593402 - 9780367632670 ; , s. 76-98
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reindeer husbandry has a long history of sharing landscapes with a multitude of other forms of land use. By competing for space, industrial resource developments from the early 20th century onwards have affected where, when and how the landscape can be used for reindeer grazing. Extending from the local to the landscape level, these impacts can reduce pastures either directly or indirectly as a result of increasing landscape fragmentation or changing reindeer behaviour. Furthermore, environmental drivers influence the dynamics of forage availability or accessibility for reindeer. The observed trend of shrinking pastures in the three countries is caused by these cumulative impacts. As a consequence, grazing pressure on the remaining pastures increases, and it curtails reindeer herders’ options to respond to the challenges of climate change. Reversing the continuing decrease in pastures requires the restoration of grazing resources and increasing landscape connectivity to facilitate movement and grazing rotation. However, socio-political incentives are also required to sustain reindeer pastures in the future. This includes an increase in the influence of reindeer herders on land use decisions and the inclusion of their traditional ecological knowledge of pasture management to identify alternative approaches to natural resource management.
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| 4. |
- Moen, Jon, et al.
(författare)
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Final reflections
- 2022
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Ingår i: Reindeer husbandry and global environmental change. - London : Routledge. - 9780367632670 - 9780367632687 - 9781003118565 ; , s. 289-292
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global challenges that humanity faces are addressed in various global agreements, such as the Paris Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity. However, all global goals require local implementation and must be locally accepted. Adaptation and transformation will claim large land resources, such as infrastructures, wind farms, mines and intense land use for bioenergy. This may exacerbate already existing conflict over land use and the rights to resources, not least in northern peripheral areas. Reindeer pastoralism is affected by all of these interwoven processes, which gives a need for more holistic regional land use planning. This chapter summarizes some of the factors that have contributed to a lack of such planning and points to the importance of including reindeer herders as ‘rightsholders’ and their traditional knowledge in a transition to a just and sustainable society.
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| 5. |
- Moen, Jon
(författare)
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Om att skåda naveln eller världen
- 2014
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Ingår i: Hela vetenskapen!. - : Vetenskapsrådet och Svenska Unescorådet. - 9789173072458 ; , s. 34-39
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 6. |
- Moen, Jon
(författare)
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Storslagen fjällmiljö – men hur länge?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Mat, råvaror och energi: En kunskapsresa i Linnés anda. - : Formas, Stockholm. ; , s. 107-111
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 7. |
- Moen, Jon, et al.
(författare)
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Tipping points and regime shifts in reindeer husbandry : a systems approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: Reindeer husbandry and global environmental change. - London : Routledge. - 9780367632670 - 9780367632687 - 9781003118565 ; , s. 265-277
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter addresses the challenges to reindeer husbandry in Fennoscandia from a systems perspective. Drawing on information in other chapters in this book, the specific focus is on so called tipping points, or abrupt changes in the coupled social-ecological system. Tipping points may occur when external drivers push a system to an alternative system state, characterized by different feedbacks than in the original state. Compared to ‘ideal’ or traditional reindeer husbandry, examples of alternative states include reliance on supplementary feeding to compensate for losses of pastures, fencing herds to provide protection from predation, becoming a meat-processing industry based on more centralized herding practices and a total loss of reindeer husbandry. All of these states are seen as undesirable by the herders. Reindeer husbandry, as it is currently practised, requires intact social-ecological relationships within the herding districts, as well as in their interaction with the external society. These system qualities need to be strengthened as they innately provide resilience, and will demand structural, institutional and legislative changes, but also discursive changes of how we imagine what sustainability is, and whether herders are treated as one of many stakeholders or as the rights holders that they really are according to the law.
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| 8. |
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