| 1. |
- Hicks, Ben, et al.
(författare)
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An intelligent design environment : overcoming fundamental barriers to realising a step change in design performance and innovation?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Design has never been this cool. - Glasgow : Design Research Society. ; , s. 199-210
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the modern design environment, demands on performance, innovation and productivity are always increasing as global competition rises and business models(such as the product-service paradigm) evolve. Central to the ability of organisations to realise continued improvements has been the widespread adoption of new design tools, methods, technologies and processes. Arguably, today's highly distributed design teams are almost totally reliant on these elements to be successful. Whilst there is no doubt that they have improved performance in many cases, the sheer number and variety have given rise to new issues, such as information overload and analysis paralysis. This paper argues that one way to significantly improve this situation is via an ‘intelligent design environment' in which the tools, methods, technologies and processes are active components that - where appropriate - intervene in the design activity. A network of design research groups have held workshops to theorise about possible active elements and their interventions. The results, consisting of an overview of possible active elements and interventions, fundamental research and technical challenges, and the possible benefits are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Mazza, Alessandro, et al.
(författare)
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Beyond alpha-band: The neural correlate of creative thinking
- 2023
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Ingår i: Neuropsychologia. - : Elsevier. - 0028-3932 .- 1873-3514. ; 179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The compound nature of creativity entails the interplay of multiple cognitive processes, making it difficult to attribute creativity to a single neural signature. Divergent thinking paradigms, widely adopted to investigate creative production, have highlighted the key role of specific mental operations subserving creativity, such as inhibition of external stimuli, loose semantic associations, and mental imagery. Neurophysiological studies have typically shown a high alpha rhythm synchronization when individuals are engaged in creative ideation. Also, oculomotor activity and pupil diameter have been proposed as useful indicators of mental operations involved in such a thinking process. The goal of this study was to investigate whether beyond alpha-band activity other higher frequency bands, such as beta and gamma, may subserve divergent and convergent thinking and whether those could be associated with a different gaze bias and pupil response during ideas generation. Implementing a within-subjects design we collected behavioral measures, neural activity, gaze patterns, and pupil dilation while participants performed a revised version of the Alternative Uses Task, in which divergent thinking is contrasted to convergent thinking. As expected, participants took longer to generate creative ideas as compared to common ones. Interestingly, during divergent thinking participants displayed alpha synchronization along with beta and gamma desynchronization, more pronounced leftward gaze shift, and greater pupil dilation. During convergent thinking, an opposite pattern was observed: desynchronization in alpha and an increase in beta and gamma rhythm, along with a reduction of leftward gaze shift and greater pupil constriction. The present study uncovered specific neural dynamics and physiological patterns during idea generation, providing novel insight into the complex physiological signature of creative production.
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