| 1. |
- Michel, M., et al.
(författare)
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Small-molecule activation of OGG1 increases oxidative DNA damage repair by gaining a new function
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science. - Stockholm : American Association for the Advancement of Science. - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 376:6600, s. 1471-1476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxidative DNA damage is recognized by 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), which excises 8-oxoG, leaving a substrate for apurinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) and initiating repair. Here, we describe a small molecule (TH10785) that interacts with the phenylalanine-319 and glycine-42 amino acids of OGG1, increases the enzyme activity 10-fold, and generates a previously undescribed b,d-lyase enzymatic function. TH10785 controls the catalytic activity mediated by a nitrogen base within its molecular structure. In cells, TH10785 increases OGG1 recruitment to and repair of oxidative DNA damage. This alters the repair process, which no longer requires APE1 but instead is dependent on polynucleotide kinase phosphatase (PNKP1) activity. The increased repair of oxidative DNA lesions with a small molecule may have therapeutic applications in various diseases and aging. © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works
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| 2. |
- Hegedüs, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Imaging modalities at the Swedish Materials Science beamline at PETRA III
- 2019
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Ingår i: IOP Conference Series. - : Institute of Physics Publishing.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-energy synchrotron radiation has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool for materials characterization. The development of novel methodologies is still ongoing, driven by major technological advances regarding the available source brilliance and efficient large area detectors. The Swedish Materials Science beamline at PETRA III is dedicated to materials characterization by high-energy X-rays and scheduled to enter into user operation starting August 2019. The beamline has been designed in particular for the combination of two complementary techniques: wide and small angle scattering and imaging. The beamline design is presented briefly and the different techniques are reviewed with regard to the contrast mechanisms and the ability to obtain spatially resolved information.
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| 3. |
- Hahn Berg, IC, et al.
(författare)
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Ellipsometry and TIRF studies of enzymatic degradation of interfacial proteinaceous layers
- 2001
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 17, s. 1641-1652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ellipsometry and total internal reflectance fluorescence spectroscopy (TIRF) have been employed to investigate the layer structure of gelatin adsorbed from aqueous solutions onto silica/glass and methylated silica/glass, as well as the effects of addition of the proteolytic enzymes krillase and trypsin, in relation to temperature, enzyme concentration and enzymatic activity. The results for the hydrophilic substrates show that homogeneous and heterogeneous exchange occurs readily, as does autolysis of trypsin at the interface. At the hydrophobic substrates, the effect of exchange is limited and a residual gelatin fraction is present at the interface throughout. The interfacial behavior of gelatin above and below the helix formation temperature (Thelix) shows that more extended surface layers are formed at both substrates below Thelix . At the hydrophilic substrates, the higher adsorbed layer thickness below Thelix is mainly due to the adsorption of more gelatin than at the higher temperature, whereas, at the hydrophobic substrates, the increase in layer thickness below Thelix is due to a decrease in packing density. Enzyme addition to preadsorbed gelatin at methylated silica results in the transition to a thinner and denser layer, that contains both residual gelatin and proteolytic enzymes (i.e., krillase or trypsin). At hydrophobic surfaces, a faster and more extensive degradation of the gelatin layer is observed with increasing krillase concentration, the effect of which is similar above and below Thelix . The effect of trypsin addition to preadsorbed gelatin is enhanced at TThelix . Finally, the exposure of preadsorbed gelatin to inactivated krillase showed a nearly complete elimination in the effects observed upon addition of intact krillase. This indicated that the enzymatic activity of krillase in its native form plays a major role for the interaction between krillase and preadsorbed gelatin.
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| 5. |
- Merlone, A., et al.
(författare)
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The MeteoMet project - metrology for meteorology: challenges and results
- 2015
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Ingår i: Meteorological Applications. - : Wiley. - 1350-4827 .- 1469-8080. ; 22, s. 820-829
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study describes significant outcomes of the Metrology for Meteorology' project, MeteoMet, which is an attempt to bridge the meteorological and metrological communities. The concept of traceability, an idea used in both fields but with a subtle difference in meaning, is at the heart of the project. For meteorology, a traceable measurement is the one that can be traced back to a particular instrument, time and location. From a metrological perspective, traceability further implies that the measurement can be traced back to a primary realization of the quantity being measured in terms of the base units of the International System of Units, the SI. These two perspectives reflect long-standing differences in culture and practice and this project - and this study - represents only the first step towards better communication between the two communities. The 3 year MeteoMet project was funded by the European Metrology Research Program (EMRP) and involved 18 European National Metrological Institutes, 3 universities and 35 collaborating stakeholders including national meteorology organizations, research institutes, universities, associations and instrument companies. The project brought a metrological perspective to several long-standing measurement problems in meteorology and climatology, varying from conventional ground-based measurements to those made in the upper atmosphere. It included development and testing of novel instrumentation as well as improved calibration procedures and facilities, instrument intercomparison under realistic conditions and best practice dissemination. Additionally, the validation of historical temperature data series with respect to measurement uncertainties and a methodology for recalculation of the values were included.
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