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Sökning: WFRF:(Munthe Christian) > Konferensbidrag

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1.
  • Abraha, Aynalem, et al. (författare)
  • Breaking bad news in cancer care: preferences of patients, family caregivers and general public in Ethiopia
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: International Conference on Communication in Healthcare (ICCH) 2020 Part 2, 15-16 April, 2021.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This study explores the preferences of cancer patients, family caregivers, and the general public regarding breaking bad news in an Ethiopian oncology setting. The research was conducted at Tikur Anbessa (Black Lion) Specialized Hospital. The sample consists of patients with a confirmed cancer diagnosis, their family caregivers, and representatives from the general public with 150 subjects per cohort. A comparative cross-sectional study design and a multivariable analysis were used. The patients would like to be informed, which contradicts the perceptions of family caregivers. This creates an ethical dilemma for staff in terms of how much they involve their patients in clinical decision-making. The patients also indicate that information not to be withheld from them. In contrast, the general public prefers information about poor life expectancy to be communicated to family only, which may reflect widespread public perception of cancer as a deadly disease. The findings indicate the complexity of communication concerning breaking bad news in oncology care in Ethiopia. It requires oncologists to probe patient attitudes before information disclosure in order to find a balance between involving patients in communication at the same time as keeping a constructive alliance with family caregivers.
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  • Munthe, Christian, 1962 (författare)
  • A Framing Problem of Public Health Ethics: Addressing the Fundamental Issue of Scope
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: 12th World Congress of Bioethics, Mexico City, June 24-28, 2014.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This talk builds on earlier discussion by myself (2008), Coggon (2010), Dawson (2011), Verweij & Dawson (2007), Wilson (2009) et al regarding the basic (normative) goal(s) of public health (PH). It addresses a fundamental issue regarding the foundations of PH ethics of particular interest to the ethics of global health. Regardless of exact proposal on what values are important, there is consensus that the goal of PH must be phrased in terms of a population. However, when that general notion is to be applied (e.g. the classic idea of promoting population health), the issue of what polulation is the relevant one arises, possible to phrase in terms of how wide/restricted the scope of the beneficiaries of an ethically justifiable PH policy should be. That query turns into a conundrum, as no possibly underlying ethical theoretical stance that might otherwise readily serve to answer it seems to fit as a PH ethical foundational assumption. This goes, e.g., for the argument for expanding national health concerns into global ones built on the notion of rights (Pogge 2008). Neither does any existing idea about the goals of PH imply anything specific, but seems rather to be compatible with any possible framing of the scope of ethical PH work. E.g. national PH policy may just as well contribute to realising the PH goals for a small minority population, as for the entire global community. The paper works out the details of this basic framing problem and sketches two alternative suggested routes for approaching its solution, based on Derek Parfit's (1984) notion of "aims" of ethical theories, and pragmatic metaethical ideas in the spirit of Hume, Mackie, Wong, Rawls and others. A provisional argument is made to the benefit of the second route.
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