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- Aartsen, M. G., et al.
(författare)
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Cosmic ray spectrum and composition from PeV to EeV using 3 years of data from IceTop and IceCube
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 100:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on measurements of the all-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum and composition in the PeV to EeV energy range using 3 years of data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The IceTop detector measures cosmic ray induced air showers on the surface of the ice, from which the energy spectrum of cosmic rays is determined by making additional assumptions about the mass composition. A separate measurement is performed when IceTop data are analyzed in coincidence with the high-energy muon energy loss information from the deep in-ice IceCube detector. In this measurement, both the spectrum and the mass composition of the primary cosmic rays are simultaneously reconstructed using a neural network trained on observables from both detectors. The performance and relative advantages of these two distinct analyses are discussed, including the systematic uncertainties and the dependence on the hadronic interaction models, and both all-particle spectra as well as individual spectra for elemental groups are presented.
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Vehmas, A. P., et al.
(författare)
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Ovarian Endometriosis Signatures Established through Discovery and Directed Mass Spectrometry Analysis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Proteome Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1535-3893 .- 1535-3907. ; 13:11, s. 4983-4994
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New molecular information on potential therapeutic targets or tools for noninvasive diagnosis for endometriosis are important for patient care and treatment. However, surprisingly few efforts have described endometriosis at the protein level. In this work we enumerate the proteins in patient endometrium and ovarian endometrioma by extensive and comprehensive analysis of minute amounts of cryosectioned tissues in a three-tiered mass spectrometric approach. Quantitative comparison of the tissues revealed 214 differentially expressed proteins in ovarian endometrioma and endometrium. These proteins are reported here as a resource of SRM (selected reaction monitoring) assays that are unique, standardized, and openly available. Pathway analysis of the proteome measurements revealed a potential role for Transforming growth factor beta-1 in ovarian endometriosis development. Subsequent mRNA microarray analysis further revealed clear ovarian endometrioma specificity for a subset of these proteins, which was also supported by further in silico studies. In this process two important proteins emerged, Calponin-1 and EMILIN-1, that were additionally confirmed in ovarian endometrioma tissues by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. This study provides the most comprehensive molecular description of ovarian endometriosis to date and researchers with new molecular methods and tools for high throughput patient screening using the SRM assays.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Considerations and quality controls when analyzing cell-free tumor DNA
- 2019
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Ingår i: Biomolecular Detection and Quantification. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-7535. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising biomarker in cancer. Ultrasensitive technologies enable detection of low (< 0.1%) mutant allele frequencies, a pre-requisite to fully utilize the potential of ctDNA in cancer diagnostics. In addition, the entire liquid biopsy workflow needs to be carefully optimized to enable reliable ctDNA analysis. Here, we discuss important considerations for ctDNA detection in plasma. We show how each experimental step can easily be evaluated using simple quantitative PCR assays, including detection of cellular DNA contamination and PCR inhibition. Furthermore, ctDNA assay performance is also demonstrated to be affected by both DNA fragmentation and target sequence. Finally, we show that quantitative PCR is useful to estimate the required sequencing depth and to monitor DNA losses throughout the workflow. The use of quality control assays enables the development of robust and standardized workflows that facilitate the implementation of ctDNA analysis into clinical routine. © 2019 The Authors
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| 9. |
- Lilja, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of HbA1c in patients with type 1 diabetes in seven Swedish county councils
- 2015
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 58:Suppl. 1 Abstr. 278, s. S140-S141
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background and aims: In order to make fair comparisons between the results of different health care providers, proper consideration of the casemix of the populations they serve is important. HbA1c is often used as a metric to indicate the quality of diabetes care, it is therefore of value to determine what patient characteristics affect this outcome. As part of the ongoing National Collaboration for Value Based Reimbursement and Monitoring Systems, we therefore set out to investigate what factors are associated with HbA1c in a large retrospective cohort of persons with type 1 diabetes.Materials and methods: This was a retrospective register study where we analyzed persons 18 years or older, with a health care contact and a diagnosis of diabetes during 2010-11 in the administrative systems of seven Swedish county councils (Dalarna, Jämtland Härjedalen, Skåne, Stockholm, Uppsala, Västra Götaland and Östergötland), covering ~70% of the Swedish population and linked this data to data from the National Diabetes Register, socioeconomic data from Statistics Sweden and data on filled prescriptions from the Prescribed Drug Register. We estimated a random effect model on HbA1c after one year of follow-up, including socioeconomic, demographic and clinical factors.Results: Based on a complete case approach, 13 396 patients were analyzed. Women had on average higher HbA1c than men. Blood sugar control seemed to be better with higher age. Of the socioeconomic factors, higher education was associated with lower levels of HbA1c, as was being married. By contrast, we found no association between HbA1c and being born outside the EU.Ahistory (previous 2 years) of diabetes related complications were associated with higher levels of HbA1c, which is likely due to high levels of HbA1c being an indicator of what is causing the complications in the first place. The exception to this pattern was patients with renal failure.Conclusion: Apart from obvious demographic factors such as age and gender as well as disease history, educational and civil status are important factors to take into consideration when comparing obtained HbA1c levels between health care providers. This also raises the question of the need for additional focus on education directed towards these groups to facilitate improved diabetes management.
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| 10. |
- Muth, C., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence supporting the best clinical management of patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy : a systematic guideline review and expert consensus
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 285:3, s. 272-288
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The complexity and heterogeneity of patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy renders traditional disease-oriented guidelines often inadequate and complicates clinical decision making. To address this challenge, guidelines have been developed on multimorbidity or polypharmacy. To systematically analyse their recommendations, we conducted a systematic guideline review using the Ariadne principles for managing multimorbidity as analytical framework. The information synthesis included a multistep consensus process involving 18 multidisciplinary experts from seven countries. We included eight guidelines (four each on multimorbidity and polypharmacy) and extracted about 250 recommendations. The guideline addressed (i) the identification of the target population (risk factors); (ii) the assessment of interacting conditions and treatments: medical history, clinical and psychosocial assessment including physiological status and frailty, reviews of medication and encounters with healthcare providers highlighting informational continuity; (iii) the need to incorporate patient preferences and goal setting: eliciting preferences and expectations, the process of shared decision making in relation to treatment options and the level of involvement of patients and carers; (iv) individualized management: guiding principles on optimization of treatment benefits over possible harms, treatment communication and the information content of medication/care plans; (v) monitoring and follow-up: strategies in care planning, self-management and medication-related aspects, communication with patients including safety instructions and adherence, coordination of care regarding referral and discharge management, medication appropriateness and safety concerns. The spectrum of clinical and self-management issues varied from guiding principles to specific recommendations and tools providing actionable support. The limited availability of reliable risk prediction models, feasible interventions of proven effectiveness and decision aids, and limited consensus on appropriate outcomes of care highlight major research deficits. An integrated approach to both multimorbidity and polypharmacy should be considered in future guidelines.
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