| 1. |
- Ahlström, Christer, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of an active steering system on city bus drivers’ muscle activity
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1080-3548 .- 2376-9130. ; 25:3, s. 377-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- City bus drivers spend hours driving under time pressure, in congested traffic and in a monotonous sitting position. This leads to unhealthy working conditions, especially in terms of physical and psychological stress. The aim of this study is to investigate whether an active steering system can alleviate the musculoskeletal stress involved in manoeuvring a bus. Twenty bus drivers drove a city bus equipped with the Volvo dynamic steering (VDS) support system in real traffic. Steering effort was evaluated with electromyography and with a questionnaire. Compared to baseline, VDS significantly reduced the required muscle activity by on average 15–25% while turning, and up to 68% in the part of the manoeuvre requiring maximum effort. The bus drivers believed that VDS will help reduce neck and shoulder problems, and they expressed a desire to have VDS installed in their own bus.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Asp, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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A Spatiotemporal Organ-Wide Gene Expression and Cell Atlas of the Developing Human Heart
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cell. - : CELL PRESS. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 179:7, s. 1647-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The process of cardiac morphogenesis in humans is incompletely understood. Its full characterization requires a deep exploration of the organ-wide orchestration of gene expression with a single-cell spatial resolution. Here, we present a molecular approach that reveals the comprehensive transcriptional landscape of cell types populating the embryonic heart at three developmental stages and that maps cell-type-specific gene expression to specific anatomical domains. Spatial transcriptomics identified unique gene profiles that correspond to distinct anatomical regions in each developmental stage. Human embryonic cardiac cell types identified by single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed and enriched the spatial annotation of embryonic cardiac gene expression. In situ sequencing was then used to refine these results and create a spatial subcellular map for the three developmental phases. Finally, we generated a publicly available web resource of the human developing heart to facilitate future studies on human cardiogenesis.
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| 4. |
- Berglund, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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A note on inter-country differences in waste paper recovery and utilization
- 2002
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Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - 0921-3449 .- 1879-0658. ; 34:3, s. 175-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Countries worldwide express waste paper recycling targets in terms of recovery and utilization rates. The main purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the most important determinants of inter-country differences in these waste paper rates. By employing two regression models and using data for 89 and 81 countries, respectively, the paper concludes that relative waste paper recovery and use are largely market-determined, and depend thus on long-standing economic factors such as population intensity and competitiveness in the world market for paper and board products. We also find evidence that supports the conjecture that rich countries tend to recover relatively more waste paper than is the case in low-income countries, reflecting the higher demand for waste management and environmental policies in more developed economies. As recovery and utilization rates are determined largely by long-standing economic and demographic characteristics the degree of policy flexibility in affecting these rates may be limited. In particular, an ambitious utilization rate target may be very costly to enforce as it can conflict with existing trade patterns of paper and board products as well as with other environmental goals. Additional policy targets may, therefore, be desirable, especially since paper recycling is motivated primarily by environmental concerns and seldom is a benign activity in itself.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating new institutional settings : a pilot study of new common property forest in Tanzania
- 1999
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Development Alternatives. - 0280-2791. ; 18:1, s. 43-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to evaluate the creation of institutions concerned with common forests in an economy in transition, Tanzania. The paper uses a framework developed by Ostrom [1990]. Focusing on successful community-oriented, organized irrigation networks Ostrom defines eight design principles. These eight principles are tools that can be used in evaluating common pool resource systems. The initial experiences of the two villages Duru and Ayasanda help to illustrate how the common forests of the villages will work in the future. In evaluating these forests, using Ostrom's framework, the paper finds that most of the fundamental requirements are fulfilled.
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| 6. |
- de Miranda, Noel F. C. C., et al.
(författare)
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DNA repair genes are selectively mutated in diffuse large B cell lymphomas
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 0022-1007 .- 1540-9538. ; 210:9, s. 1729-1742
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNA repair mechanisms are fundamental for B cell development, which relies on the somatic diversification of the immunoglobulin genes by V(D)J recombination, somatic hypermutation, and class switch recombination. Their failure is postulated to promote genomic instability and malignant transformation in B cells. By performing targeted sequencing of 73 key DNA repair genes in 29 B cell lymphoma samples, somatic and germline mutations were identified in various DNA repair pathways, mainly in diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). Mutations in mismatch repair genes (EXO1, MSH2, and MSH6) were associated with microsatellite instability, increased number of somatic insertions/deletions, and altered mutation signatures in tumors. Somatic mutations in nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) genes (DCLRE1C/ARTEMIS, PRKDC/DNA-PKcs, XRCC5/KU80, and XRCC6/KU70) were identified in four DLBCL tumors and cytogenetic analyses revealed that translocations involving the immunoglobulin-heavy chain locus occurred exclusively in NHEJ-mutated samples. The novel mutation targets, CHEK2 and PARP1, were further screened in expanded DLBCL cohorts, and somatic as well as novel and rare germline mutations were identified in 8 and 5% of analyzed tumors, respectively. By correlating defects in a subset of DNA damage response and repair genes with genomic instability events in tumors, we propose that these genes play a role in DLBCL lymphomagenesis.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Lázár, Enikő, et al.
(författare)
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Spatial Dynamics of the Developing Human Heart
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Heart development relies on a topologically defined interplay between a diverse array of cardiac cells. We finely curated spatial and single-cell measurements with subcellular imaging-based transcriptomics validation to explore spatial dynamics during early human cardiogenesis. Analyzing almost 80,000 individual cells and 70,000 spatially barcoded tissue regions between the 5.5th and 14th postconceptional weeks, we identified 31 coarse- and 72 fine-grained cell states and mapped them to highly resolved cardiac cellular niches. We provide novel insight into the development of the cardiac pacemaker-conduction system, heart valves, and atrial septum, and decipher heterogeneity of the hitherto elusive cardiac fibroblast population. Furthermore, we describe the formation of cardiac autonomic innervation and present the first spatial account of chromaffin cells in the fetal human heart. In summary, our study delineates the cellular and molecular landscape of the developing heart’s architecture, offering links to genetic causes of heart disease.
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| 10. |
- Marco Salas, Sergio, et al.
(författare)
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De novo spatiotemporal modelling of cell-type signatures in the developmental human heart using graph convolutional neural networks
- 2022
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Ingår i: PloS Computational Biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-734X .- 1553-7358. ; 18:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the emergence of high throughput single cell techniques, the understanding of the molecular and cellular diversity of mammalian organs have rapidly increased. In order to understand the spatial organization of this diversity, single cell data is often integrated with spatial data to create probabilistic cell maps. However, targeted cell typing approaches relying on existing single cell data achieve incomplete and biased maps that could mask the true diversity present in a tissue slide. Here we applied a de novo technique to spatially resolve and characterize cellular diversity of in situ sequencing data during human heart development. We obtained and made accessible well defined spatial cell-type maps of fetal hearts from 4.5 to 9 post conception weeks, not biased by probabilistic cell typing approaches. With our analysis, we could characterize previously unreported molecular diversity within cardiomyocytes and epicardial cells and identified their characteristic expression signatures, comparing them with specific subpopulations found in single cell RNA sequencing datasets. We further characterized the differentiation trajectories of epicardial cells, identifying a clear spatial component on it. All in all, our study provides a novel technique for conducting de novo spatial-temporal analyses in developmental tissue samples and a useful resource for online exploration of cell-type differentiation during heart development at sub-cellular image resolution.
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