| 1. |
- Bergman Ärlebäck, Jonas, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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An instructional design perspective on data-modelling for learning statistics and modelling
- 2015
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Ingår i: Development of mathematics teaching: Design, Scale, Effects. - Umeå : Svensk förening för MatematikDidaktisk Forskning - SMDF. ; , s. 37-46, s. 37-46
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This theoretical and methodological paper discusses the emerging theoretical framing and methodological considerations in our efforts to develop a theoretical approach supporting instructional design for teaching and learning statistics and mathematical modelling. From an instructional design point of view aligned with the goals in governing curricula documents and real classroom constraints, we argue for the integration of the models and modelling perspective on teaching and learning mathematics with a data-modelling approach to facilitate students’ learning statistics and mathematical modelling. An application of the framework is given and future research discussed.
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| 2. |
- Flockhart, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Glucosinolate-rich broccoli sprouts protect against oxidative stress and improve adaptations to intense exercise training.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Redox Biology. - : Elsevier. - 2213-2317. ; 67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxidative stress plays a vital role for the adaptive responses to physical training. However, excessive oxidative stress can precipitate cellular damage, necessitating protective mechanisms to mitigate this effect. Glucosinolates, found predominantly in cruciferous vegetables, can be converted into isothiocyanates, known for their antioxidative properties. These compounds activate crucial antioxidant defence pathways and support mitochondrial function and protein integrity under oxidative stress, in both Nrf2-dependent and independent manners. We here administered glucosinolate-rich broccoli sprouts (GRS), in a randomized double-blinded cross-over fashion to 9 healthy subjects in combination with daily intense exercise training for 7 days. We found that exercise in combination with GRS significantly decreased the levels of carbonylated proteins in skeletal muscle and the release of myeloperoxidase into blood. Moreover, it lowered lactate accumulation during submaximal exercise, and attenuated the severe nocturnal hypoglycaemic episodes seen during the placebo condition. Furthermore, GRS in combination with exercise improved physical performance, which was unchanged in the placebo condition.
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| 3. |
- Fransson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Ultra-hypofractionated versus conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer (HYPO-RT-PC) : patient-reported quality-of-life outcomes of a randomised, controlled, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Lancet Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 1470-2045 .- 1474-5488. ; 22:2, s. 235-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The HYPO-RT-PC trial compared conventionally fractionated radiotherapy with ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients with localised prostate cancer. Ultra-hypofractionation was non-inferior to conventional fractionation regarding 5-year failure-free survival and toxicity. We aimed to assess whether patient-reported quality of life (QOL) differs between conventional fractionation and ultra-hypofractionation up to 6 years after treatment in the HYPO-RT-PC trial.METHODS: HYPO-RT-PC is a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial done in 12 centres (seven university hospitals and five county hospitals) in Sweden and Denmark. Inclusion criteria were histologically verified intermediate-to-high-risk prostate cancer (defined as T1c-T3a with one or two of the following risk factors: stage T3a; Gleason score ≥7; and prostate-specific antigen 10-20 ng/mL with no evidence of lymph node involvement or distant metastases), age up to 75 years, and WHO performance status 0-2. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to conventional fractionation (78·0 Gy in 39 fractions, 5 days per week for 8 weeks) or ultra-hypofractionation (42·7 Gy in seven fractions, 3 days per week for 2·5 weeks) via a minimisation algorithm with stratification by trial centre, T-stage, Gleason score, and prostate-specific antigen. QOL was measured using the validated Prostate Cancer Symptom Scale (PCSS) and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) at baseline, the end of radiotherapy, months 3, 6, 12, and 24 after radiotherapy, every other year thereafter up to 10 years, and at 15 years. The primary endpoint (failure-free survival) has been reported elsewhere. Here we report QOL, a secondary endpoint analysed in the per-protocol population, up to 6 years after radiotherapy. The HYPO-RT-PC trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN45905321.FINDINGS: Between July 1, 2005, and Nov 4, 2015, 1200 patients were enrolled and 1180 were randomly assigned (conventional fractionation n=591, ultra-hypofractionation n=589); 1165 patients (conventional fractionation n=582, ultra-hypofractionation n=583) were included in this QOL analysis. 158 (71%) of 223 patients in the conventional fractionation group and 146 (66%) of 220 in the ultra-hypofractionation group completed questionnaires at 6 years. The median follow-up was 48 months (IQR 25-72). In seven of ten bowel symptoms or problems the proportion of patients with clinically relevant deteriorations at the end of radiotherapy was significantly higher in the ultra-hypofractionation group than in the conventional fractionation group (stool frequency [p<0·0001], rush to toilet [p=0·0013], flatulence [p=0·0013], bowel cramp [p<0·0001], mucus [p=0·0014], blood in stool [p<0·0001], and limitation in daily activity [p=0·0014]). There were no statistically significant differences in the proportions of patients with clinically relevant acute urinary symptoms or problems (total 14 items) and sexual functioning between the two treatment groups at end of radiotherapy. Thereafter, there were no clinically relevant differences in urinary, bowel, or sexual functioning between the groups. At the 6-year follow-up there was no difference in the incidence of clinically relevant deterioration between the groups for overall urinary bother (43 [33%] of 132 for conventional fractionation vs 33 [28%] of 120 for ultra-hypofractionation; mean difference 5·1% [95% CI -4·4 to 14·6]; p=0·38), overall bowel bother (43 [33%] of 129 vs 34 [28%] of 123; 5·7% [-3·8 to 15·2]; p=0·33), overall sexual bother (75 [60%] of 126 vs 59 [50%] of 117; 9·1% [-1·4 to 19·6]; p=0·15), or global health/QOL (56 [42%] of 134 vs 46 [37%] of 125; 5·0% [-5·0 to 15·0]; p=0·41).INTERPRETATION: Although acute toxicity was higher for ultra-hypofractionation than conventional fractionation, this long-term patient-reported QOL analysis shows that ultra-hypofractionation was as well tolerated as conventional fractionation up to 6 years after completion of treatment. These findings support the use of ultra-hypofractionation radiotherapy for intermediate-to-high-risk prostate cancer.
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| 4. |
- Hellgren, Mikko, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Hypertension management in primary health care : a survey in eight regions of Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 41:3, s. 343-350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To explore hypertension management in primary healthcare (PHC).Design: Structured interviews of randomly selected PHC centres (PHCCs) from December 2019 to January 2021.Setting: Seventy-six PHCCs in eight regions of Sweden.Main outcome measures: Staffing and organization of hypertension care. Methods of measuring blood pressure (BP), laboratory tests, registration of co-morbidities and lifestyle advice at diagnosis and follow-up.Results: The management of hypertension varied among PHCCs. At diagnosis, most PHCCs (75%) used the sitting position at measurements, and only 13% routinely measured standing BP. One in three (33%) PHCCs never used home BP measurements and 25% only used manual measurements. The frequencies of laboratory analyses at diagnosis were similar in the PHCCs. At follow-up, fewer analyses were performed and the tests of lipids and microalbuminuria decreased from 95% to 45% (p < 0.001) and 61% to 43% (p = 0.001), respectively. Only one out of 76 PHCCs did not measure kidney function at routine follow-ups. Lifestyle, physical activity, food habits, smoking and alcohol use were assessed in & GE;96% of patients at diagnosis. At follow-up, however, there were fewer assessments. Half of the PHCCs reported dedicated teams for hypertension, 82% of which were managed by nurses. There was a great inequality in the number of patients per tenured GP in the PHCCs (median 2500; range 1300-11300) patients.Conclusions: The management of hypertension varies in many respects between PHCCs in Sweden. This might lead to inequity in the care of patients with hypertension.
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Yersinia enterocolitica in food by PCR amplification
- 1998
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Ingår i: Letters in Applied Microbiology. - Oxon, United Kingdom : Blackwell Publishing. - 0266-8254 .- 1472-765X. ; 26, s. 140-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for detection ofpathogenic, virulent strains of Yersinia enterocolitica. By using both virulence loci virFand ail as markers for pathogenicity, detection of species with a virulence factor present waspossible. DNA preparation in the presence of hexadecyl trimethy ammonium bromide(CTAB) was followed by two 44 cycle amplification reactions, one for each of themarkers. As few as 102Y. enterocolitica cells were detected in ground pork in thepresence of 105–106bacteria of other species. The described PCR assay providesa sensitive robust assay for the detection of virulent Y. enterocolitica in food.
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| 6. |
- Nilsson, Per, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring realistic Bayesian modeling situations
- 2014
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Ingår i: Sustainability in statistics education. - Flagstaff : ISI/IASE.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study reported in the present paper is part of a larger project, which aims to explore possibilities and challenges in developing a teaching practice that supports students’ ability to model random dependent situations by a Bayesian approach. A central premise is that modeling should be based on situations that appear realistic to the students. Given this premise, the specific purpose of the present study is to identify and characterize uncertain situations that are realistic and suitable for a Bayesian treatment. The study involves reviewing some of the literature related to Bayesian applications. Based on that review we distinguish detecting (test) situations and construction composition situations as two general types of Bayesian modeling situations.
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| 7. |
- Nilsson, Per, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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On the relationship between deterministic and probabilistic reasoning in modelling the chance of a natural phenomenon
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Norma 11. - Reykjavík : University of Iceland Press. - 9789979549659
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims at investigating the relationship between deterministic and probabilistic reasoning when students are asked to model and predict the outcomes of a real-world situation involving uncertainty. Twelve students, aged 8-9 years, participated in an outdoor located teaching activity which called for reflection on the growing of sunflowers. Based on the analysis, and previous research, the study suggests to structure an analysis on the relationship between deterministic and probabilistic reasoning according to four analytical relationships: Deterministic model and deterministic behaviour; Deterministic model and probabilistic behaviour; Probabilistic model and deterministic behaviour; Probabilistic model and probabilistic behaviour.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Olsson-Strömberg, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Successful mobilization of Ph-negative blood stem cells with intensive chemotherapy + G-CSF in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in first chronic phase
- 2006
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Ingår i: Leukemia and Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 47:9, s. 1768-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of mobilizing Philadelphia chromosome negative (Ph-) blood stem cells (BSC) with intensive chemotherapy and lenograstim (G-CSF) in patients with CML in first chronic phase (CP1). During 1994-1999 12 centers included 37 patients <56 years. All patients received 6 months' IFN, stopping at median 36 (1-290) days prior to the mobilization chemotherapy. All received one cycle of daunorubicin 50 mg/m2 and 1 hour infusion on days 1-3, and cytarabine (ara-C) 200 mg/m2 24 hours' i.v. infusion on days 1-7 (DA) followed by G-CSF 526 microg s.c. once daily from day 8 after the start of chemotherapy. Leukaphereses were initiated when the number of CD 34+ cells was >5/microl blood. Patients mobilizing poorly could receive a 4-day cycle of chemotherapy with mitoxantrone 12 mg/m2/day and 1 hour i.v infusion, etoposide 100 mg/m2/day and 1 hour i.v. infusion and ara-C 1 g/m2/twice a day with 2 hours' i.v infusion (MEA) or a second DA, followed by G-CSF 526 microg s.c once daily from day 8 after the start of chemotherapy. Twenty-seven patients received one cycle of chemotherapy and G-CSF, whereas 10 were mobilized twice. Twenty-three patients (62%) were successfully (MNC >3.5 x 10(8)/kg, CFU-GM >1.0 x 10(4)/kg, CD34+ cells >2.0 x 10(6)/kg and no Ph+ cells in the apheresis product) [n = 16] or partially successfully (as defined above but 1-34% Ph+ cells in the apheresis product) [n = 7] mobilized. There was no mortality during the mobilization procedure. Twenty-one/23 patients subsequently underwent auto-SCT. The time with PMN <0.5 x 10(9)/l was 10 (range 7-49) and with platelets <20 x 10(9)/l was also 10 (2-173) days. There was no transplant related mortality. The estimated 5-year overall survival after auto-SCT was 68% (95% CI 47 - 90%), with a median follow-up time of 5.2 years.We conclude that in a significant proportion of patients with CML in CP 1, intensive chemotherapy combined with G-CSF mobilizes Ph- BSC sufficient for use in auto-SCT.
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