| 1. |
- Eriksson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Overview and Breeding Strategies of Table Potato Production in Sweden and the Fennoscandian Region
- 2016
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Ingår i: Potato Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0014-3065 .- 1871-4528. ; 59, s. 279-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent reductions in the public commitment to potato breeding in Sweden, Norway and Finland call for an evaluation of the current situation regarding the commercial basis for, and structure of, potato breeding in these countries. We here review the extent of cultivation, processing and consumption of table potato in Sweden, as well as provide an overview of the potato breeding tools and programmes in the three countries. We then discuss various strategies to provide long-term stability and increase the impact of public potato breeding, based on the similar overall conditions for potato cultivation across the Fennoscandian region. The conclusions are twofold; first, an increased long-term funding of the public potato breeding programmes is necessary to maintain a minimum level of material, and second, a coordination of the breeding activities in the Fennoscandian region would be of great benefit to all involved stakeholders and allow an enhancement of the current national breeding programmes. In addition, we propose a minimum first field year population size for potato breeding.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ortiz Rios, Rodomiro Octavio, et al.
(författare)
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Svalöf: a High Yielding Potato with Resistance to Late Blight in Nordic Latitudes
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Potato Research. - 1099-209X .- 1874-9380. ; 100, s. 399-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Svalöf is a yellow-skinned, light yellow-feshed, high-yielding table potato cultivar for the high latitude of Scandinavia, showing partial resistance to Phytophthora infestans (causing late blight) and same specifc gravity as the mealy cultivar King Edward, which is preferred in the fresh market by consumers in Sweden. It was selected as breeding clone SLU 1314015 in the frst clonal generation (T1) at the late-blight prone site of Mosslunda (Skåne, southern Sweden) in October 2015. The cross for obtaining it was made by the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in 2013 involving the breeding clone D09 1:2 1701 as female parent and the Dutch cultivar Carolus as male parent. Svalöf show very large, round-oval tubers with shallow eyes and smooth skin. Its tuber yield averaged above 6%, 23%, 25% and 59% of Dutch cultivars Connect, Fontane, Carolus and Bintje, respectively, across multi-site trials in Sweden. Its unstable reducing sugar in the tuber fesh, as determined by multisite testing, suggests that it will not be suitable for the crisp or chip processing. SLU’s Svensk potatisförädling is seeking registration to be included in the Svenska Sortlistan, which lists cultivars available and is a pre-condition for certifcation of planting materials in the European Union. The release of Svalöf as new potato cultivar will be the frst entirely bred for this crop in Sweden since the mid-1990s.
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| 4. |
- Reslow, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Public potato breeding progress for the Nordic Region of Europe: evidence from multisite testing of selected breeding clones and available released cultivars
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil and Plant Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 72, s. 553-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The breeding of new cultivars is a powerful approach to increase both the quantity and quality of potato harvest per land unit. The aim of this research was to determine using multi-site testing the progress made by the genetic enhancement of potato in Sweden in the last 1.5 decades by comparing advanced breeding clones (T4 upwards) bred in Sweden (Svensk potatisförädling hereafter) versus available released cultivars in Europe and grown in its Nordic Region. The multi-site testing results show that potato breeding based in Scandinavia offers to the growers of the Nordic Region of Europe cultivars for prevailing farming environments and end-user needs rather than relying, as happens today in the market, on foreign cultivars. These cultivars bred elsewhere are not always very suitable for the challenging Nordic agroecosystems, as shown by the results of the multi-site testing herein. Such an approach on relying on foreign cultivars may be advocated for not funding potato breeding in, and for Fennoscandia by those ignoring the results shown by this research.
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| 5. |
- Selga, Catja, et al.
(författare)
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Diversity and population structure of Nordic potato cultivars and breeding clones
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Plant Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2229. ; 22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The genetic diversity and population structure of breeding germplasm is central knowledge for crop improvement. To gain insight into the genetic potential of the germplasm used for potato breeding in a Nordic breeding program as well as all available accessions from the Nordic genebank (NordGen), 133 potato genotypes were genotyped using the Infinium Illumina 20 K SNP array. After SNP filtering, 11 610 polymorphic SNPs were included in the analysis. In addition, data from three important breeding traits – percent dry matter and uniformity of tuber shape and eye – were scored to measure the variation potato cultivars and breeding clones.Results: The genetic diversity among the genotypes was estimated using principal coordinate analysis based on the genetic distance between individuals, as well as by using the software STRUCTURE. Both methods suggest that the collected breeding material and the germplasm from the gene‑bank are closely related, with a low degree of population structure between the groups. The phenotypic distribution among the genotypes revealed significant differences, especially between farmer’s cultivars and released cultivars and breeding clones. The percent heterozygosity was similar between the groups, with a mean average of 58–60%. Overall, the breeding germplasm and the acces‑ sions from the Nordic genebank seems to be closely related with similar genetic background.Conclusion: The genetic potential of available Nordic potato breeding germplasm is low, and for genetic hybridiza‑ tion purposes, genotypes from outside the Nordic region should be employed.
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| 6. |
- Jansson, K. Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Length and classification of natural and created forest edges in boreal landscapes throughout northern Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 262:3, s. 461-469
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forest edges have numerous implications for structure and function of forest ecosystems. Previous studies on edge quantity have used broad classifications. However, edge influence is driven by the contrast in vegetation structure between adjoining ecosystems, and thus we need detailed site-specific data to assess the role of edges in forests. We studied the variability of sharp edges in 28 boreal landscapes (4 km × 4 km) across an 830 km gradient throughout northern Sweden. Our objectives were: (1) to compare the length of natural and created edges, (2) to classify edges in detail by edge origin, maintenance and forest attributes, and (3) to examine relationships between length of edge and landscape variables. Data were collected using stereo-interpretation of high spatial resolution colour infrared aerial photographs, in combination with line intersect sampling and plots. The length of edge varied from 12 to 102 m ha−1 among landscapes, with an overall mean of 54 m ha−1. Created edges dominated most landscapes (mean 33 m ha−1) and had greater variability than natural edges (mean 21 m ha−1). Maintained edges (e.g. roads, agricultural land) were more abundant than regenerating edges caused by logging. Thirty percent of total edges adjoined narrow linear features. Seventy percent adjoined wider patches and showed high variability (35 classes). Overall, high-contrast edges towards mature forest dominated, i.e. ones that may experience strong edge influence. The amount of edge increased with percent of landscape affected by disturbance, and decreased with latitude and elevation. This study shows that edges are both abundant and highly variable in boreal forests and that forestry is the main driver behind edge creation. Detailed classification of edges based on site-specific forest and patch attributes may help to estimate edge influence at landscape level, and can guide experimental design for examining the impact of edges on structure and function of forest ecosystems.
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| 7. |
- Ali, Ashfaq, et al.
(författare)
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Paranoid potato : phytophthora-resistant genotype shows constitutively activated defense
- 2012
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Ingår i: Plant Signaling and Behavior. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1559-2316 .- 1559-2324. ; 7:3, s. 400-408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phytophthora is the most devastating pathogen of dicot plants. There is a need for resistance sources with different modes of action to counteract the fast evolution of this pathogen. In order to better understand mechanisms of defense against P. infestans, we analyzed several clones of potato. Two of the genotypes tested, Sarpo Mira and SW93-1015, exhibited strong resistance against P. infestans in field trials, whole plant assays and detached leaf assays. The resistant genotypes developed different sizes of hypersensitive response (HR)-related lesions. HR lesions in SW93-1015 were restricted to very small areas, whereas those in Sarpo Mira were similar to those in Solanum demissum, the main source of classical resistance genes. SW93-1015 can be characterized as a cpr (constitutive expressor of PR genes) genotype without spontaneous microscopic or macroscopic HR lesions. This is indicated by constitutive hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) production and PR1 (pathogenesis-related protein 1) secretion. SW93-1015 is one of the first plants identified as having classical protein-based induced defense expressed constitutively without any obvious metabolic costs or spontaneous cell death lesions.
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| 8. |
- Caspersen, Siri, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphorus efficiency of potato varieties differing in maturity type
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of the present work was to investigate the effect of phosphorus fertilization on yield and phosphorus uptake and to compare the phosphorus efficiency for six potato varieties. During 2011 and 2012, field experiments were conducted on soils containing low levels of available phosphorus. Phosphorus fertilizer was added in the amounts of 0, 30 and 60 kg phosphorus per ha. In 2011, soil heterogeneity was large and tuber yield was increased by phosphorus addition only as a mean over all varieties. In 2012, an improved tuber yield by phosphorus fertilization was observed for most varieties. The weight of the larger tuber fractions was generally increased by phosphorus fertilization. Phosphorus efficiency, calculated as tuber dry weight per unit of fertilizer phosphorus added, tended to be higher for late than for early or intermediate varieties. The results indicate that late varieties might be more suitable than earlier varieties for locations were the risk of nutrient losses is high.
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| 9. |
- Uggla, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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Rose Hip Fly (Rhagoletis alternata Fallen) and Leaf Spot Fungus (Sphaceloma rosarum (Pass.) Jenkins) - Possible Threats against Rose Hip Production?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; 814, s. 857-862
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to their biochemical compounds, the international interest of growing rose hips has increased. The raw material comes mainly from handpicked wild-growing plants in Chile. However, cultivation is necessary to ensure regular quality from varieties with characters required for different and specialised products. Therefore, a rose hip programme was initiated in mid 80s in Sweden. The same fungal diseases and pests affect the wild roses as the ornamental roses. Rose hip fly (Rhagoletis alternata) is the most important pest on rose hips. An outbreak of leaf spot (Sphaceloma rosarum sexual stage, Elsinoe rosarum) was noted at our department (Balsgard, south of Sweden) in 1996. It appears to increase and is now the main fungus on our cultivated rose hips. In the autumn 2006, samples of fruits and leaves were collected at 16 localities in the south of Sweden. We found that 90% of the wild-growing plants had infested fruits. However, the major part of the plants had less than 50% infested fruits. No significant differences regarding percentage of infested fruits could be noticed when the three subsections Caninae, Rubigineae, and Vestitae were compared. We also found no significant differences between localities and percentages of infested fruits, or between species and infested fruits. Fungal isolates (totally 35) from collected leaves were grown successfully on PDA (potato-dextrose-agar). In six of the isolates the sexual stage was found.
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| 10. |
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