| 1. |
- Angelhoff, Charlotte, medicine doktor, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of skin-to-skin contact on parents' sleep quality, mood, parent-infant interaction and cortisol concentrations in neonatal care units : study protocol of a randomised controlled trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 8:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Separation after preterm birth is a major stressor for infants and parents. Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is a method of care suitable to use in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to minimise separation between parents and infants. Less separation leads to increased possibilities for parent-infant interaction, provided that the parents' sleep quality is satisfactory. We aimed to evaluate the effect of continuous SSC on sleep quality and mood in parents of preterm infants born <33 weeks of gestation as well as the quality of parent-infant interaction and salivary cortisol concentrations at the time of discharge.Methods and analysis: A randomised intervention study with two arms-intervention versus standard care. Data will be collected from 50 families. Eligible families will be randomly allocated to intervention or standard care when transferred from the intensive care room to the family-room in the NICU. The intervention consists of continuous SSC for four consecutive days and nights in the family-room. Data will be collected every day during the intervention and again at the time of discharge from the hospital. Outcome measures comprise activity tracker (Actigraph); validated self-rated questionnaires concerning sleep, mood and bonding; observed scorings of parental sensitivity and emotional availability and salivary cortisol. Data will be analysed with pairwise, repeated measures, Mann Whitney U-test will be used to compare groups and analysis of variance will be used to adjust for different hospitals and parents' gender.Ethics and dissemination: The study is approved by the Regional Research Ethics Board at an appropriate university (2016/89-31). The results will be published in scientific journals. We will also use conferences and social media to disseminate our findings.
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| 2. |
- Ares, Mikko, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased inducibility of TNF expression in lipid-loaded macrophages.
- 2002
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Ingår i: BMC Immunology. - 1471-2172. ; 3:1, s. 13-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Inflammation and immune responses are considered to be very important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Lipid accumulation in macrophages of the arterial intima is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis which can influence the inflammatory potential of macrophages. We studied the effects of lipid loading on the regulation of TNF expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages. RESULTS: In macrophages incubated with acetylated low density lipoprotein (ac-LDL) for 2 days, mRNA expression of TNF in cells stimulated with TNF decreased by 75%. In cell cultures stimulated over night with IL-1beta, lipid loading decreased secretion of TNF into culture medium by 48%. These results suggest that lipid accumulation in macrophages makes them less responsive to inflammatory stimuli. Decreased basal activity and inducibility of transcription factor AP-1 was observed in lipid-loaded cells, suggesting a mechanism for the suppression of cytokine expression. NF-kappaB binding activity and inducibility were only marginally affected by ac-LDL. LDL and ac-LDL did not activate PPARgamma. In contrast, oxidized LDL stimulated AP-1 and PPARgamma but inhibited NF-kappaB, indicating that the effects of lipid loading with ac-LDL were not due to oxidation of lipids. CONCLUSIONS: Accumulation of lipid, mainly cholesterol, results in down-regulation of TNF expression in macrophages. Since monocytes are known to be activated by cell adhesion, these results suggest that foam cells in atherosclerotic plaques may contribute less potently to an inflammatory reaction than newly arrived monocytes/macrophages.
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| 3. |
- Callaghan, Terry, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-Decadal Changes in Tundra Environments and Ecosystems : Synthesis of the International Polar Year-Back to the Future Project (IPY-BTF)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 40:6, s. 705-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the responses of tundra systemsto global change has global implications. Most tundraregions lack sustained environmental monitoring and oneof the only ways to document multi-decadal change is toresample historic research sites. The International PolarYear (IPY) provided a unique opportunity for such researchthrough the Back to the Future (BTF) project (IPY project#512). This article synthesizes the results from 13 paperswithin this Ambio Special Issue. Abiotic changes includeglacial recession in the Altai Mountains, Russia; increasedsnow depth and hardness, permafrost warming, andincreased growing season length in sub-arctic Sweden;drying of ponds in Greenland; increased nutrient availabilityin Alaskan tundra ponds, and warming at mostlocations studied. Biotic changes ranged from relativelyminor plant community change at two sites in Greenland tomoderate change in the Yukon, and to dramatic increasesin shrub and tree density on Herschel Island, and in subarcticSweden. The population of geese tripled at one sitein northeast Greenland where biomass in non-grazed plotsdoubled. A model parameterized using results from a BTFstudy forecasts substantial declines in all snowbeds andincreases in shrub tundra on Niwot Ridge, Colorado overthe next century. In general, results support and provideimproved capacities for validating experimental manipulation,remote sensing, and modeling studies.
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| 4. |
- Dahlman, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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A unique role of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 among chemokines in adipose tissue of obese subjects
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 90:10, s. 5834-5840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue may contribute to insulin resistance in obesity. However, the roles of individual inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue are poorly understood. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine which inflammation markers are most overexpressed at the gene level in adipose tissue in human obesity and how this relates to corresponding protein secretion. Design: We examined gene expression profiles in 17 lean and 20 obese subjects. The secretory pattern of relevant corresponding proteins was examined in human sc adipose tissue or isolated fat cells in vitro and in vivo in several obese or lean cohorts. Results: In ranking gene expression, defined pathways associated with obesity and immune and defense responses scored high. Among seven markedly overexpressed chemokines, only monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) was released from adipose tissue and isolated fat cells in vitro. In obesity, the secretion and expression of MCP1 in adipose tissue pieces were more than 6- and 2-fold increased, respectively, but there was no change in circulating MCP1 levels. There was no net release of MCP1, but there was a net release of leptin, in vivo from adipose tissue into the circulation. Conclusions: Obesity is associated with the increased expression of several chemokine genes in adipose tissue. However, only MCP1 is secreted into the extracellular space, where it primarily acts as a local factor, because little or no spillover into the circulation occurs. MCP1 influences the function of adipocytes, is a recruitment factor for macrophages, and may be a crucial link among chemokines between adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance.
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| 5. |
- Fekete, Boglarka, et al.
(författare)
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The Gothenburg population-based glioblastoma research database: Methodological aspects and potential impact
- 2019
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Ingår i: Neurology and Neurosurgery. - 2631-4339. ; 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most frequently encountered malignant primary brain tumour. Population-based studies of GBM are still scarce. The current paper describes the design of a prospective population-based multidisciplinary research effort on GBM. Objective: To address the impact of a wide range of clinical parameters in relation to clinical outcome and survival in a population-based cohort of patients with GBM. Further, we aim to examine the role of established and novel biomarkers in tumour tissue and blood in relation to response to treatment and clinical outcome. Methods: This is a single institution, population-based study with consecutive inclusion of patients based on a presumed diagnosis of GBM following radiological diagnostic work-up and discussion at a multidisciplinary tumour conference. Clinical parameters and treatment-related parameters at disease onset and during follow-up, and survival will be recorded. Health-related quality of life and emotional wellbeing for patients and their relatives will be assessed. Fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumour tissue is stored in an associated tissue biobank. Tissue micro-arrays are generated from representative areas of FFPE. Blood samples at admission for surgery and during follow-up are taken and stored frozen. Expected outcome: The study offers a multidisciplinary and translational approach to GBM research by linking a wide range of clinical parameters to biological parameters with high external validity. Thus, we expect to describe patterns of care and clinical course in a well-defined population-based cohort. Through a biomarker approach, we expect to 1) identify new biological subgroups of GBM, 2) explore and validate established and novel biomarkers for response to therapy, 3) estimate the proportion of patients suitable for targeted (“druggable”) therapy, and 4) explore and validate established and novel biomarkers for survival.
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| 6. |
- Gidlöf, Andreas C., et al.
(författare)
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Increased retinoid signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells by proinflammatory cytokines
- 2001
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 286:2, s. 336-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Retinoids have been shown to modulate inflammation and the immune response in many cell types including macrophages, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. However, present knowledge of whether inflammatory mediators modulate vitamin A status in these cells is limited. To identify the role of inflammation on retinoid metabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells, the cells were exposed to a combination of proinflammatory cytokines: interleukin-1beta, interferon-gamma, and lipopolysaccharides. Without stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines, vascular smooth muscle cells expressed retinol dehydrogenases-2 and 5 mRNA detected by RT-PCR. Stimulation with the combination of cytokines induced a substantial increase of retinol dehydrogenase-5 mRNA. This was associated with increased production of ligands for retinoic acid receptors, when assayed in a retinoic acid receptor-dependent luciferase reporter system. Our results demonstrate that inflammatory mediators activate the retinoid metabolic pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells, which potentially may modulate the inflammatory response in the vascular wall.
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| 7. |
- Henriksson, Catrin, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Patients’ experiences of clinical trial participation involving a product remotely assessing study drug adherence
- 2024
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Ingår i: Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications. - : Elsevier. - 2451-8654. ; 40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The participation of patients in clinical trials is crucial for the development of healthcare. There are several challenges in the recruitment of trial participants with acute medical conditions. The registry-based randomized DAPA-MI clinical trial recruited patients during hospitalization for myocardial infarction and provided study drugs in bottles with smart caps that used wireless technology to transmit monitoring data. This interview study aimed to investigate patients’ experience of participation in a clinical trial and their attitude to the new bottle cap technology. Methods: A subset of patients participating in the DAPA-MI trial were recruited from four hospitals in Sweden. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using manifest content analysis. Results: Video interviews were performed including 21 patients (four women and 17 men). The median age was 59 years (range 44–80). Four categories of patients' experiences were identified. A willingness to contribute consisted of patients’ positive attitudes to participation and to be a part of development and research. The perception of information emphasized the value of the oral information as well as the importance of time for reflection. Be in a vulnerable condition highlighted the impaired ability to perceive and remember in the acute medical condition. Adaptation to a new technology described the overall positive experiences of the smart bottle cap to evaluate adherence. Conclusions: Patients’ experiences of trial participation were in general positive but some challenges in the acute setting of a myocardial infarction were revealed. The smart bottle cap was well accepted, despite some handling difficulties.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Anneli, et al.
(författare)
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Remaining connected despite separation : former family caregivers’ experiences of aspects that facilitate and hinder the process of relinquishing the care of a person with dementia to a nursing home
- 2014
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Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health. - : Routledge. - 1360-7863 .- 1364-6915. ; 18:8, s. 1029-1036
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This qualitative study aimed to illuminate former family caregivers’ experiences of aspects that facilitate and hinder the process of relinquishing the care of a person with dementia to a nursing home. METHOD: Ten narrative interviews with former family caregivers were performed and subjected to qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: An overall theme showed that family caregivers were remaining connected to the person with dementia despite separation. They experienced being ‘caught by surprise’ when the placement occurred. Negative expectations of dementia care made the separation more difficult. Lacking adequate information increased feelings of insecurity. Despite these hurdles, family caregivers found meaning in the new situation as they felt that they could remain connected to their loved one. Being recognized as partners in care of the person with dementia after placement was a facilitating aspect. Family caregivers regarded a well-functioning interaction with staff and a supportive social network as reassuring since they facilitated staying in touch. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the relinquishing process and adequate information about dementia and its progression may help family caregivers better prepare for and adapt to the situation. Family caregivers need to be recognized as partners in care and a welcoming nursing home environment is of utmost importance.
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| 9. |
- Kautto, Ethel, et al.
(författare)
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Living with celiac disease : norms of femininity and the complications of everyday life
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Celiac Disease. - : Science and Education Publishing. - 2334-3427. ; 5:3, s. 115-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women with celiac disease are often described as being exposed to negative emotions and experiences related to the treatment of celiac disease, the gluten-free diet. To explore the daily consequences of diagnosis and their daily experiences of living with celiac disease, interviews were conducted with seven Swedish young women who had been diagnosed with celiac disease by screening in early adolescence. The semi-structured interview transcripts were content analysed using a gender perspective. The analysis showed that these young women`s daily experiences were coloured by the conjunction of their dietary treatment, their social relationships, and social norms. This means that recurrent food situations often clash with the normative constructions of femininity and social norms of eating with an adverse effect on dietary compliance.
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| 10. |
- Kautto, Ethel, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Seeking a new normality : masculinity, interaction and a gluten free diet
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Celiac Disease. - 2334-3486. ; 4:4, s. 138-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From earlier studies, men diagnosed with celiac disease are known to be less troubled by their experiences of living with the disease than are diagnosed women. Previous studies, concentrating on men with celiac disease have been mostly quantitative, and have a bio-medical emphasis. The aim of this study was to explore the social experience of young men with screening-detected celiac disease and to highlight daily life situations five years after diagnosis. Seven young men, diagnosed with celiac disease when they were 13 years-olds through a large Swedish school-based celiac screening-study, were interviewed. The semi-structured interviews were analyzed from a gender perspective which resulted in three themes; being subjected to changes, striving for normality and emphasizing commitment. These were underpinned by several sub-themes. The young men dissociated themselves from being seen as a person with a life-long chronic disease. The analysis also showed that the young men’s daily experiences of living with celiac disease largely depended on their use of characteristics known to be associated with masculinity: such as being self-assured, demanding, and behaving authoritatively. In food situations, where the young men had the ability to make use of such characteristics in their informal group, they experienced fewer negative aspects of the disease. If the young men did not hold a strong position in their informal group, their situation was insecure and vulnerable and this could lead to avoidance of contacts and social meal situations.
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