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- Gadjieva, Rena, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of gun phenotype in barley magnesium chelatase and Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase mutants
- 2005
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2690 .- 0981-9428. ; 43:10-11, s. 901-908
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) chlorophyll biosynthetic mutants to regulate the expression of Lhc genes was analyzed by a microarray approach. The Lhc genes are located in the nucleus and encode chlorophyll a/b binding proteins of the light-harvesting complex. The chlorophyll a/b binding proteins are some of the many proteins, which are imported to the chloroplast. It has been suggested that the chloroplast can regulate expression of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast proteins, using a chlorophyll biosynthetic intermediate such as Mg-protoporphyrin IX (MP) or Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (MPE) as a signal molecule. These compounds are intermediates between the two enzymes magnesium-chelatase (EC 6.6.1.1) and Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase (EC 1.14.13.81) in the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway. Genomes uncoupled (gun) mutants are defective in the chloroplast-to-nucleus signal transduction and express Lhc even when chloroplast development is inhibited by the herbicide norflurazon. We show that barley xantha-f, -g and -h mutants, defective in the three Mg-chelatase genes, have a gun phenotype. In contrast, a xantha-l mutant, defective in a gene of Mg-protoporphyrin monomethyl ester cyclase did not. Genome uncoupling in the xantha-f, -g, -h and -l mutants was also analyzed in absence of norflurazon. All mutants showed transcription of Lhc. This was unexpected in the case of xantha-l as this mutant showed accumulation of MPE, which has been suggested to be one of the two negative regulators of Lhc transcription. We suggest that chlorophyll intermediates may only function as signal molecules at an early developmental stage of chloroplast development.
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- Gadjieva, Rena, et al.
(författare)
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in barley mutants allows the cloning of mutated genes by a microarray approach.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2690 .- 0981-9428. ; 42:7-8, s. 681-685
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously described a microarray approach to identify and clone genes from mutants of higher organisms. In the method cDNA of two mutants with similar phenotype are competitively hybridized to DNA clones arrayed on a glass slide. Clones corresponding to an mRNA that is not expressed in one of the strains due to a mutation will be specifically highlighted in the hybridization, which provides a possibility to identify and eventually clone the mutated gene. The approach is dependent on mutations that affect the amount of mRNA. Nonsense mutations, which prematurely terminate translation, can be such mutations as a surveillance system known as nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) has been developed by organisms to reduce the abundance of mRNA with nonsense codons. In the present study, we have analysed the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) magnesium chelatase mutants xantha-f 26, xantha-f 27 and xantha-f 40 in order to investigate the presence of NMD in barley, as well as the importance of the position of the stop codon for NMD. Both nonsense-mutants xantha-f 27 and xantha-f 40, but not the missense mutant xantha-f 26, showed NMD. This was not expected for xantha-f 27 as its mutation is in the last exon of the gene. We conclude the NMD expands the number of mutants that can be used for gene cloning by our described microarray approach.
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- Gustafsson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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A defective swelling lamellar phase
- 1997
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Ingår i: LANGMUIR. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0743-7463. ; 13:4, s. 852-860
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The phase equilibria in mixtures of egg lecithin and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride in brine (100 mM sodium chloride) were studied with particular emphasis on the behavior of the lamellar phase. The solvent corner of this pseudoternary system features an
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- Haux, Caroline, 1960-
(författare)
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Framkallning : Skrift, konsumtion och sexualitet i Karin Boyes Astarte och Henry Parlands Sönder
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is a comparative study in two novels which both try to understand modern life. The novels were both written between 1929 and 1930 as entries for the same major Nordic novel contest – Astarte in Sweden by Karin Boye, Sönder [To Pieces ]in Finland by the Finno-swedish author Henry Parland.This analysis tries to determine what is at stake in these novels by, apart from investigating them as novels in their own right, examining the complex interaction between a specific moment in history and the representation of that moment as literary text. The novels are examined as events in a specific historical situation; that is, how they write what is contemporary into themselves, trough answering the question about the historical moment that they themselves formulate. Four issues are fundamental to the study: The function of consumption and the commodity form in the novels. The way in which these novels render sexuality and desire. How other media forms function as aesthetic technologies for the novels. Lastly, aesthetics, writing and allegory: how the novels reflect on the possibility of representing this societal moment in history.A focus in the analysis is how woman is called forth as golden statue and photography, how she by letting herself be consumed as sexual symbol elicits male speech – thereby also making the speaker into author, and man. The economic side to this is the way in which men and women take on the form of commodities amongst themselves. It is in this sexual economy that they become men and women. The transformation of the sexed object into the systematic status of a sign, signifying its value, implies the simultaneous transformation of human relations into consumer relations: You consume or get consumed.
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- Holmberg, Linnéa, 1983-
(författare)
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Konsten att producera lärande demokrater
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation builds on the basic question of how individuals are formed and created as citizens in society today, and how individuals construct themselves as citizens in this society. It takes interest in how they are managed to govern themselves through specific constructions of citizenship, and looks at how the exercise of power establishes certain knowledge that affects their view of themselves and generates truths about how they are expected to live their lives. Simultaneously, the dissertation deals with the concept of freedom: what does it mean in contemporary society, how can one be free today, and what dangers might this liberty involve?In a broad sense, the analysis centres on the relationship between education and society; more specifically, it engages with the Swedish education system and its construction and production of desirable citizen subjects. The concrete example deals with the institution called leisure-time centre, with a purpose to investigate and problematise how institutionalised leisure-time is staged and legitimised in Sweden today. The studies take as a common starting point the following research question: how are children and personnel governed discursively in and through leisure-time centres?The first empirical contribution provides historical context for the study. In this, the `problematic leisure-time´ of today is outlined based on education policy documents relevant for children aged 6–13 years. These texts are discussed together with similar texts gathered from two other periods in history in order to give perspective on aspects of the leisure-time centre that may seem obvious in our own time.The first separate article investigates how talk about activities in leisure-time centres is couched in terms of meaningfulness and consists of an analysis of the ideological tension between democracy and authority, which the governmental authority, the Swedish Schools Inspectorate (Skolinspektionen), must address in its discursive work. The second article explores how the production of systematic reporting and documentation by personnel in leisure-time centres works through specific self-technologies in the form of confessional practices and which can be said to be primarily about constructing a free but loyal collective subject.The third article problematises the use of democracy as a method to produce specific citizen subjects in leisure-time centres. Children’s councils are analysed, focusing on how different nuances of influence are staged discursively by participating children and personnel. The article highlights how democracy – through pastoral care and in the name of children’s influence – becomes a governmentalising technology that produces an active, responsible and learning citizen.In summary, this dissertation highlights how leisure-time centres are staged and legitimised in Sweden today. The analysis shows how an administration of children and control of the development of society through the autonomous, competent, and voluntarily active individual is apparent; power operates through a perceived freedom in a way that makes the free choice the `right´ choice. With political ideas about forming a forward-looking mentality, children – and personnel – are constructed as a project of learning and improvement.
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- Kadi, Mari, 1975-
(författare)
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Bilayers with Surfactant-induced Pores and Demixing in Micelles : Studies of Segregation in Amphiphile Systems
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The focus of this thesis has been on the effects of segregation in mixtures of amphiphilic molecules. Two different systems were investigated: fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon surfactant mixtures and lipid-surfactant mixtures.In fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon surfactant mixtures the repulsive interactions between the chains can lead to a demixing into different types of coexisting micelles, fluorocarbon rich and hydrocarbon rich. From NMR self-diffusion measurements such a demixing was found to occur in the mixture of the partially fluorinated surfactant HFDePC and C16TAC. We furthermore suggested a demixing also within the micelles to explain 19F-NMR line width data and results from neutron scattering.In lipid-surfactant mixtures, a segregation of the molecules may instead be caused by a difference in the preferred curvature of the lipid and the surfactant residing within the same aggregate. Using a surfactant selective electrode, binding isoterms of four different cationic surfactants (C12TAC, C14TAC, C16TAC and HFDePC) to preformed lipid (GMO) vesicles were determined. Perforated vesicles were observed by cryo-TEM in the mixture with C16TAC. To explain the results from the binding isoterms, the formation of pores in the bilayer was regarded as a cooperative process, similar to micelle formation. The surfactant accumulates at the edges of the pores, and increasing the surfactant concentration results in an increased number of pores with a constant surfactant/lipid ratio at the edges.The lipid-surfactant mixtures were also studied at the solid/solution interface using AFM. An adsorbed mesh structure, a counterpart to the bulk perforated lamellar phase, was observed for the first time.
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| 10. |
- Karén, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Kalkyler och beslut
- 1994. - 1
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Ingår i: Företag och marknad. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144465017 ; , s. 129-247
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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