| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Nilsson, Kent W., et al.
(författare)
-
Transcription Factor Activating Protein-2β (TFAP-2β) genotype and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in relation to symptoms of depression in two independent samples
- 2014
-
Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - Berlin Heidelberg : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 23:4, s. 207-217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Transcription Factor Activating Protein-2β (TFAP-2β) gene has been shown to influence monoaminergic neurotransmission, and several genes important for monoaminergic function have binding sites for TFAP-2β. Familial studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest a hereditary-determined subtype of ADHD with comorbid depression. We examined a functional variation of the TFAP-2β gene in the context of co-occurring symptoms of ADHD and depression in two independent population-based samples of adolescents (Group A, n = 175 and Group B, n = 1,506) from Sweden. Results indicated 6.1 to 7.8 % of adolescents screened positively for ADHD and depression symptoms. Symptoms of depression were more common among girls who screened positively for ADHD and did not carry the nine-repeat allele of the TFAP-2β intron 1 Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) polymorphism. The presence of the nine-repeat variant of the TFAP-2β intron 1 VNTR appears to protect girls with ADHD symptoms from the co-expression of symptoms of depression.
|
|
| 3. |
- Sjöberg, Rickard L, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of depression: sex and the interaction between environment and a promoter polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene
- 2006
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology. - Uppsala Univ, Cent Hosp Vasteras, Clin Res Ctr, S-72189 Vasteras, Sweden. Univ Uppsala, Pharmacol Unit, Dept Neurosci, Uppsala, Sweden. : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 1461-1457 .- 1469-5111. ; 9:4, s. 443-449
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has demonstrated that a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) and adverse psychosocial circumstances interact to predict depression. The purpose of the present study was to explore the extent to which sex modulates these effects. Eighty-one boys and 119 girls (16-19 years old) were interviewed about psychosocial background variables and genotyped for the 5-HTT promoter polymorphism. There were two main results. First, boys and girls carrying the short 5-HTTLPR allele react to different kinds of environmental factors. Whereas males were affected by living in public housing rather than in own owned homes and by living with separated parents, females were affected by traumatic conflicts within the family. Second, the responses of males and females carrying the short 5-HTTLPR allele to environmental stress factors go in opposite directions. Thus, whereas females tend to develop depressive symptoms, males seem to be protected from depression. The results suggest that both the molecular and the psychosocial mechanisms underlying depression may differ between boys and girls.
|
|
| 4. |
- Nilsson, Kent W., et al.
(författare)
-
Role of monoamine oxidase A genotype and psychosocial factors in male adolescent criminal activity
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - Uppsala Univ, Clin Res Ctr, Cent Hosp Vasteras, S-72189 Vasteras, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Neurosci, Pharmacol Unit, S-72189 Uppsala, Sweden. : Elsevier. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 59:2, s. 121-127
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A number of important sociological, psychological, and biological predictors of adolescent criminal behavior have been identified during the most recent decades. The aim of this study was to replicate recent findings that interactions between a polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) gene promoter region and psychosocial factors might predict male adolescent criminal activity.METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a randomized sample from the total population of 16- and 19-year-olds from the county of Västmanland, Sweden. Eighty-one male adolescents, who volunteered to participate, were randomly selected from groups representing different degrees of deviant risk behavior.RESULTS: The present study strongly supports the notion that carrying the 3-repeat allele of the MAO-A-gene promoter increases the risk of male adolescent criminal behavior, when interacting with psychosocial factors. No effects at all of the MAO-A genotype on adolescent criminal activity were found when MAO-A genotype was considered alone (i.e., without its psychosocial context). The explained variance of the bio-psychosocial model (controlling for MAO-A) in this study exceeded the psychosocial model by 12%.CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the notion that genotype and psychosocial factors interact to precipitate male adolescent criminal behavior.
|
|
| 5. |
- Nilsson, Kent W., et al.
(författare)
-
Role of the serotonin transporter gene and family function in adolescent alcohol consumption.
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Alcoholism. - Uppsala Univ, Clin Res Ctr, Cent Hosp Vasteras, S-72189 Vasteras, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Neurosci, Pharmacol Unit, S-72189 Vasteras, Sweden. : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0145-6008 .- 1530-0277. ; 29:4, s. 564-570
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: That the extent to which a particular individual will engage in problematic behaviors such as delinquency, violence, or drug abuse is determined by the way psychosocial, situational, and hereditary factors interact is widely accepted. However, only recently have researchers begun to investigate the interactions between specific genotypes and psychosocial factors in relation to behavior. The purpose of the present study was to investigate possible interactions between a polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene and family relations on adolescent alcohol consumption.METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a randomized sample from a total population of 16- and 19-year-old adolescents from a Swedish county was conducted. Eighty-one male and 119 female adolescents, who volunteered to participate after having answered a questionnaire, were randomly selected from quartiles of volunteers representing various degrees of psychosocial risk behavior.RESULTS: 5-HTT genotype (p=0.029) and family relations (p=0.022) predicted alcohol consumption independently as well as through an interaction with one another (p=0.05). The model explained 11% of the variance in alcohol consumption. In a binary logistic model, we found that adolescents with the LS variant of the 5-HTT gene and with family relations being "neutral" or "bad" had a 12- to 14-fold increased risk for high intoxication frequency.CONCLUSIONS: In sum, our results show that a functional polymorphism of the 5-HTT genotype, family relations, and interactions between these variables predict adolescent alcohol consumption in a randomized sample of adolescents.
|
|
| 6. |
- Nilsson, Kent W, et al.
(författare)
-
The MAO-A gene, platelet MAO-B activity and psychosocial environment in adolescent female alcohol-related problem behaviour
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Drug And Alcohol Dependence. - : Elsevier BV. - 0376-8716 .- 1879-0046. ; 93:1-2, s. 51-62
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Antisocial behaviour has been associated with polymorphic variants in candidate genes and recently also gene-environmental interaction models have been presented. It has been suggested that antisocial behaviour, associated with alcohol consumption in males, is related to a variation in the monoamine oxidase A gene (MAO-A) promoter. Furthermore, platelet MAO-B activity has in several studies been reported to be low in male alcoholics, while this has not been the case with regard to female alcoholics. Aims of the present study were to: (1) investigate possible interactions between the MAO-A polymorphism, family relations and maltreatment/sexual abuse on adolescent alcohol-related problem behaviour among female adolescents; (2) to investigate if platelet MAO-B enzyme activity interacted with environment to predict female alcohol-related problems. Methods: A random sample of 114 female individuals from a total population of 16- and 19-year adolescents from a Swedish county, who volunteered to participate in the study, were interviewed, filled in a questionnaire and a blood sample was drawn. Results: In contrast to what has been reported in males, presence of the long (4-repeat) variant of the MAO-A gene in females interacted significantly with an unfavourable environment (poor family relations or maltreatment/abuse/sexual abuse) to increase the risk for high scores of alcohol-related problems. Furthermore, females with low platelet MAO-B activity showed an increased risk of alcohol-related problem behaviour in an unfavourable environment. Conclusions: Poor psychosocial environment interacts with the high activity MAO-A genotype and low platelet MAO-B enzyme activity to increase vulnerability for female adolescent alcohol-related problem behaviour.
|
|
| 7. |
- Nilsson, Kent W., et al.
(författare)
-
The monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) gene, family function and maltreatment as predictors of destructive behaviour during male adolescent alcohol consumption
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Addiction. - Uppsala Univ, Cent Hosp Vasteras, Clin Res Ctr, Vasteras, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Pharmacol Unit, Dept Neurosci, Uppsala, Sweden. : Wiley. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 102:3, s. 389-398
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To investigate possible interactions between a polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) gene promoter, family relations and maltreatment/sexual abuse on adolescent alcohol-related problem behaviour among male adolescents. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional study of a randomized sample of 66 male individuals from a total population of 16- and 19-year adolescents from a Swedish county. Boys, who volunteered to participate answering an alcohol-related problem/behaviour questionnaire, were investigated with regard to interactions between such problems, family function, maltreatment and MAO-A genotype. MEASUREMENTS: MAO-A genotype, family relations history, history of being maltreated or abused and alcohol-related problem behaviour. FINDINGS: Boys with the short (three-repeat) variant of the MAO-A gene, who had been maltreated/abused or came from families with poor relations, showed significantly higher scores of alcohol-related problems. We also found that maltreatment/abuse independently showed the strongest relation to alcohol-related problems among boys in our model. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that both maltreatment and MAO-A genotype may be useful for the understanding of male adolescent alcohol-related problem behaviour.
|
|
| 8. |
- Nilsson, Kent W, et al.
(författare)
-
Transcription factor AP-2 beta genotype and psychosocial adversity in relation to adolescent depressive symptomatology.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of neural transmission. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0300-9564 .- 1435-1463. ; 116:3, s. 363-370
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate possible interactions between the gene coding for activating protein-2 beta (AP-2 beta) and psychosocial factors to predict depressive symptoms in adolescents. Two-hundred 16- and 19-year-old adolescents from the county of Västmanland, Sweden, were asked to complete a questionnaire, interviewed about psychosocial risk factors, and genotyped with regard to the transcription factor AP-2 beta intron 2 polymorphism. AP-2 beta genotype interacted significantly both with type of housing and parental separation to predict depressive symptoms. Individuals who were homozygous for the short AP-2 beta allele displayed higher depression scores when psychosocial adversity was taken into account. Amongst carriers of one or two copies of the long allele, there was no difference in depressive symptoms despite differences in psychosocial environments.
|
|
| 9. |
- Sjöberg, Rickard L., et al.
(författare)
-
Adolescent girls and criminal activity : Role of MAOA-LPR genotype and psychosocial factors
- 2007
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B. - Uppsala Univ, Cent Hosp Vasteras 1, Clin Res Ctr, S-72189 Vasteras, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Neurosci, Pharmacol Unit, S-75105 Uppsala, Sweden. : Wiley. - 1552-4841 .- 1552-485X. ; 144:2, s. 159-164
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent findings among boys show that interactions between a polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter region (MAOA-LPR) and psychosocial factors predict criminal activity. The objective of this study was to investigate whether this finding could be extended to adolescent girls. One hundred nineteen female adolescents were recruited among respondents to a cross-sectional study of the total population of 16- and 19-year old girls. These girls constituted a randomly selected sub-sample from groups representing different degrees of risk behavior. The subjects filled in a questionnaire and were interviewed and genotyped with regard to MAOA-LPR. The results indicate that the long, (4-repeat) allele confer an increased risk for criminal behavior in the presence of psychosocial risk. Among girls without social risk, MAOA-LPR genotype was of no importance for criminal behavior. The present results suggest that previous observations on adolescent males, which demonstrate that the short MAOA-LPR genotype and psychosocial adversity interact to predict criminal activity, may not be applicable to females.
|
|
| 10. |
- af Klinteberg, Britt, et al.
(författare)
-
Smoking habits – Associations with personality/behavior, platelet monoamine oxidase activity and plasma thyroid hormone levels
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Personality and Individual Differences. - : Elsevier. - 0191-8869 .- 1873-3549. ; 118, s. 71-76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to outline results from our scientific studies on the associations among childhood behavior, adult personality, and biochemical factors in smoking habits. The studies consisted of: (1) follow-up of young criminals and controls, subdivided into risk for antisocial behavior groups, based on childhood rating levels of a projective test; and adult smoking habit groups; and (2) a large group of young adults examined on the same inventories. Personality in terms of KSP and EPQ-I scale scores, controlled for intelligence, indicated that the high and very high risk groups displayed significantly higher self-rated impulsiveness, anxiety, and nonconformity, as compared to the low risk group. Further, the very high risk group subjects, found to be overrepresented among subjects with heavy smoking habits, displayed lower mean platelet MAO-B activity and higher thyroid hormone levels than the low risk group. Thus, the higher the childhood risk for antisocial behavior, the clearer the adult personality pattern making subjects more disposed for smoking appeared; and the higher smoking habits, the stronger the relationships with biochemical measures. Results are discussed in terms of possible underlying mechanisms influencing personality and smoking habits.
|
|
