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Sökning: WFRF:(Pedersen Nancy L) > Konferensbidrag

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  • Dahl, Anna K, et al. (författare)
  • Is Self-reported Body Mass Index Less Reliable in Late Life?
  • 2010
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: Self-reported Body Mass Index (BMI) based on self-reported height and weight is a widely used measure of adiposity in epidemiological research. Knowledge about the accuracy of these measures in late life is scarce, and especially if there is intra-individual changes over time. Methods: Seven hundred seventy-four men and women, aged 40 to 88 at baseline (mean age 63.9), in The Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging self-reported and had their height and weight measured by experienced research nurses five times during a twenty year period. BMI was calculated as weight (kilos)/height (meter)2. Results: There was significant correlation between self-reported and measured height (0.97-0.98), weight (0.97-0.98), and BMI (0.93-0.95) at each measurement occasion, and substantial agreement for BMI as a categorical variable (Kappa coefficient 0.72-0.81). Latent growth curve modeling showed an increase in the mean difference between self-reported and measured values over time for height (0.04 cm/year) and BMI (0.02 kg/m2/year), but not for weight. Conclusions: There is a very small significant increase in the mean difference between self-reported and measured BMI with aging, mainly due to unawareness of changes in height, which probably would not affect the results when self-reported BMI is used as a continuous variable in longitudinal studies.
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  • Ernsth-Bravell, Marie, 1973-, et al. (författare)
  • Relations of loneliness, chronic disease risk, self-rated health, perceived impairment in activity and use of care among older people cross-sectional and longitudinal
  • 2018
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Loneliness is not only an unwanted feeling but it may have consequences for health outcomes including chronic disease risk, self-rated health, perceived impairment in activity and use of care. This study examined how feelings of loneliness change over time and relate to health outcomes among older adults.Methods: This study included data spanning a 23-year period from Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (SATSA) participants who were 55 years and older. Loneliness was measured by the question ‘How often do you experience feelings of loneliness’ and was dichotomized as never versus ever having feelings of loneliness. Outcomes of interest included number of chronic diseases, self-rated health, perceived impairment in activities and receipt of care. Generalized linear models were used to characterize changes in loneliness over time and 2 cross-sectional multivariate logistic regression models explored the relationship between loneliness and the outcomes.Results: Nearly half of respondents (45,8%) never felt lonely at baseline. At follow-up, significantly more persons experienced feelings of loneliness. At baseline, feelings of loneliness were related to chronic diseases, self-rated health, and perceived impairment in activity. Loneliness at follow-up was related to self-rated health and perceived impairment in activity.Conclusion: oneliness increased over time and demonstrated complex relations to the outcomes.
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  • Finkel, Deborah, et al. (författare)
  • Financial strain moderates genetic influences on self-reported health : Support for social compensation model
  • 2018
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The existence of genetic influences on both health and SES attainment suggests that GE interplay plays a role in SES-health associations. Adverse environments raise the risk of disease for everyone, but various models of GE interplay predict that some genotypes are more vulnerable to adversity than others (diathesis-stress), enriched environments prevent the expression of an underlying genetic vulnerability (social compensation), or genetic factors are minimized in adverse environments and maximized in favorable ones (social enhancement). Differential susceptibility models propose that specific genotypes might be more responsive to the social environment at both positive and negative extremes. Nine of the 15 twin studies of adult development and aging that are part of the IGEMS consortium included items assessing financial strain as well as subjective health, representing 10,756 individuals. The sample was 55% women, included 3185 MZ twins and 5228 DZ twins, and age ranged from 24 to 98. A factor model was used to create a harmonized measure of financial strain across studies and items: extent to which money covers needs, difficulty in paying monthly bills, economic situation compared to others, and whether there is money for extras. Twin analysis of genetic and environmental variance for self-rated health incorporating age and financial strain as continuous moderators and sex as a dichotomous moderator indicated significant financial strain moderation of genetic influences on self-rated health. Genetic variance increased as financial strain increased, matching the predictions of the diathesis-stress and social comparison models for components of variance.
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  • Hassing, Linda B, et al. (författare)
  • Overweight in midlife is related to lower cognitive function later in life
  • 2010
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: To examine the long-term effects of midlife overweight for cognitive abilities. The evidence is growing strong that overweight in midlife is related to increased dementia risk. Few studies have addressed the question if overweight affects cognitive abilities among those who do not develop dementia. In two studies we examined cognitive performance in two cohorts of people (young-old and old) in relation to self-reported Body Mass Index (BMI) in midlife. Methods: The participants are from the Swedish Twin Registry who participated in longitudinal studies on aging and cognition, the SATSA study (young-old cohort, 50 years and older) and the OCTO-Twin study (old cohort, 80 years and older) . BMI was reported in 1963 and cognitive abilities were examined 20- to 30-years later with five measurement occasions at 3-year intervals (SATSA) respectively 2-year intervals (OCTO-Twin). The cognitive abilities examined included tests of long-term memory, short-term memory, speed, verbal ability, spatial ability and a composite score representing general cognitive ability. Results: Multilevel modeling adjusting for twinship, demographic factors, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, showed that higher BMI in midlife predicted lower test performance 30 years later. Significant associations were found in all cognitive abilities. Although we found a significant cognitive decline across the five measurement occassions in both cohorts at the follow-up assessments, a higher midlife BMI was not associated with steeper decline in the old cohort, with the exception of verbal ability. This was, however, found for a measure of general cognitive ability and spatial ability in the young-old cohort.Conclusions: Our results indicate that midlife overweight is related to lower overall cognitive function in old age. The fact that BMI-related effects in slopes were only noted in some abilities in the young-old cohort suggests that the negative effect of overweight has an early onset.
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