| 1. |
- Mejare, I. A., et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis of the condition of the dental pulp: a systematic review
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Endodontic Journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 45:7, s. 597-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mejare IA, Axelsson S, Davidson T, Frisk F, Hakeberg M, Kvist T, Norlund A, Petersson A, Portenier I, Sandberg H, Tran ae us S, Bergenholtz G. Diagnosis of the condition of the dental pulp: a systematic review. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 597613, 2012. Abstract The aim of this systematic review was to appraise the diagnostic accuracy of signs/symptoms and tests used to determine the condition of the pulp in teeth affected by deep caries, trauma or other types of injury. Radiographic methods were not included. The electronic literature search included the databases PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Reviews from January 1950 to June 2011. The complete search strategy is given in an Appendix S1 (available online as Supporting Information). In addition, hand searches were made. Two reviewers independently assessed abstracts and full-text articles. An article was read in full text if at least one of the two reviewers considered an abstract to be potentially relevant. Altogether, 155 articles were read in full text. Of these, 18 studies fulfilled pre-specified inclusion criteria. The quality of included articles was assessed using the QUADAS tool. Based on studies of high or moderate quality, the quality of evidence of each diagnostic method/test was rated in four levels according to GRADE. No study reached high quality; two were of moderate quality. The overall evidence was insufficient to assess the value of toothache or abnormal reaction to heat/cold stimulation for determining the pulp condition. The same applies to methods for establishing pulp status, including electric or thermal pulp testing, or methods for measuring pulpal blood circulation. In general, there are major shortcomings in the design, conduct and reporting of studies in this domain of dental research.
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| 2. |
- Panmekiate, S., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of electric potential and current on mandibular linear measurements in cone beam CT
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dento-Maxillo-Facial Radiology. - : British Institute of Radiology. - 0250-832X .- 1476-542X. ; 41:7, s. 578-582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare mandibular linear distances measured from cone beam CT (CBCT) images produced by different radiographic parameter settings (peak kilovoltage and milliampere value). Methods 20 cadaver hemimandibles with edentulous ridges posterior to the mental foramen were embedded in clear resin blocks and scanned by a CBCT machine (CB MercuRayTM; Hitachi Medico Technology Corp., Chiba-ken, Japan). The radiographic parameters comprised four peak kilovoltage settings (60 kVp, 80 kVp, 100 kVp and 120 kVp) and two milliampere settings (10 mA and 15 mA). A 102.4 mm field of view was chosen. Each hemimandible was scanned 8 times with 8 different parameter combinations resulting in 160 CBCT data sets. On the cross-sectional images, six linear distances were measured. To assess the intraobserver variation, the 160 data sets were remeasured after 2 weeks. The measurement precision was calculated using Dahlberg's formula. With the same peak kilovoltage, the measurements yielded by different milliampere values were compared using the paired t-test. With the same milliampere value, the measurements yielded by different peak kilovoltage were compared using analysis of variance. A significant difference was considered when p < 0.05. Results Measurement precision varied from 0.03 mm to 0.28 mm. No significant differences in the distances were found among the different radiographic parameter combinations. Conclusions Based upon the specific machine in the present study, low peak kilovoltage and milliampere value might be used for linear measurements in the posterior mandible.
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| 3. |
- Peltola, Jaakko S, et al.
(författare)
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Odontologisk radiologi. Historik, myndigheter och regelverk
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tandläkartidningen. - 0039-6982. ; 101:1, s. 60-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tandläkarutbildningen är på fem år i samtliga nordiska länder och leder till kompetens och kunskap att använda intraoral radiologi i Sverige, i Norge intraoral och panoramaröntgen samt alla typer av maxillofacial radiologisk utrustning i Danmark och Finland. Skillnader finns i bestämmelserna för tandläkare, tandsköterskor och tandhygienister vad gäller användandet av panorama och CBCT-enheter. Kompletterande utbildning i enlighet med EU:s riktlinjer är endast obligatorisk i Finland. Kraven på dental röntgenutrustning är väldigt lika i de nordiska länderna. Kvalitetssäkringssystem regleras i lag i Finland, Sverige och Danmark.
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| 4. |
- Peltola, Jaakko S, et al.
(författare)
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Regulations in the Nordic countries concerning oral and maxillofacial radiographic imaging technologies and their use
- 2009
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Ingår i: Den norske tannlegeforenings tidende. - 0029-2303 .- 1894-180X. ; 119:1, s. 32-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first national recommendations for radiation protection were given by the British Roentgen Society (1915) and American Roentgen Society (1922). The basis for modern radiation protection was given in the recommendations of ICRP (ICRP 26) in 1977. Dental education in all Nordic countries takes five years and leads to the competence of using intraoral radiography in Sweden and intraoral and panoramic radiography Norway and all dentomaxillofacial radiological (DMFR) units in Denmark and Finland. There is obligatory special training for using panoramic units in Sweden. For performing CBCT examinations and interpreting the images, a specialist degree in oral-maxillo-facial radiology is required in Sweden and Norway. Dental assistants and hygienists can perform intraoral radiography under the responsibility of a dentist. In Sweden and Norway dental hygienists can also record caries and periodontal diseases, although in Sweden all radiographs must be shown to the dentist. In Denmark and Norway the dental hygienists may be responsible for a dental x-ray unit, and they can refer the patient for a radiographic examination.Updating education is mandatory only in Finland according to EU guidelines. The demands for dental radiographic units are very similar in all countries. Quality assurance programs are regulated by law in Finland, Sweden and Denmark. The programs comprise daily, monthly or yearly checks of radiographic procedures. Regulations for digital dental radiography are still under construction, though some are available in Denmark.
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| 5. |
- Petersson, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Radiological diagnosis of periapical bone tissue lesions in endodontics: a systematic review
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Endodontic Journal. - : Wiley. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 45:9, s. 783-801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Petersson A, Axelsson S, Davidson T, Frisk F, Hakeberg M, Kvist T, Norlund A, Mejare I, Portenier I, Sandberg H, Tranaeus S, Bergenholtz G. Radiological diagnosis of periapical bone tissue lesions in endodontics: a systematic review. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 783801, 2012. Abstract This systematic review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of radiographic methods employed to indicate presence/absence and changes over time of periapical bone lesions. Also investigated were the leads radiographic images may give about the nature of the process and the condition of the pulp in nonendodontically treated teeth. Electronic literature search included the databases PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL from January 1950 to June 2011. All languages were accepted provided there was an abstract in English. The MeSH terms were Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), Radiography, panoramic, Periapical diseases, Dental pulp diseases, Sensitivity and specificity, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, Cadaver, Endodontics and Radiography dental. Two reviewers independently assessed abstracts and full text articles. An article was read in full text if at least one of the two reviewers considered an abstract to be potentially relevant. Altogether, 181 articles were read in full text. The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of evidence of each radiographic method based on studies of high or moderate quality. Twenty-six studies fulfilled criteria set for inclusion. None was of high quality; 11 were of moderate quality. There is insufficient evidence that the digital intraoral radiographic technique is diagnostically as accurate as the conventional film technique. The same applies to CBCT. No conclusions can be drawn regarding the accuracy of radiological examination in identifying various forms of periapical bone tissue changes or about the pulpal condition.
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| 6. |
- Schiffman, E, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for Clinical and Research Applications : recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network* and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of oral & facial pain and headache. - : Quintessence. - 2333-0384 .- 2333-0376. ; 28:1, s. 6-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The original Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) Axis I diagnostic algorithms have been demonstrated to be reliable. However, the Validation Project determined that the RDC/TMD Axis I validity was below the target sensitivity of ≥ 0.70 and specificity of ≥ 0.95. Consequently, these empirical results supported the development of revised RDC/TMD Axis I diagnostic algorithms that were subsequently demonstrated to be valid for the most common pain-related TMD and for one temporomandibular joint (TMJ) intra-articular disorder. The original RDC/TMD Axis II instruments were shown to be both reliable and valid. Working from these findings and revisions, two international consensus workshops were convened, from which recommendations were obtained for the finalization of new Axis I diagnostic algorithms and new Axis II instruments. METHODS: Through a series of workshops and symposia, a panel of clinical and basic science pain experts modified the revised RDC/TMD Axis I algorithms by using comprehensive searches of published TMD diagnostic literature followed by review and consensus via a formal structured process. The panel's recommendations for further revision of the Axis I diagnostic algorithms were assessed for validity by using the Validation Project's data set, and for reliability by using newly collected data from the ongoing TMJ Impact Project-the follow-up study to the Validation Project. New Axis II instruments were identified through a comprehensive search of the literature providing valid instruments that, relative to the RDC/TMD, are shorter in length, are available in the public domain, and currently are being used in medical settings. RESULTS: The newly recommended Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) Axis I protocol includes both a valid screener for detecting any pain-related TMD as well as valid diagnostic criteria for differentiating the most common pain-related TMD (sensitivity ≥ 0.86, specificity ≥ 0.98) and for one intra-articular disorder (sensitivity of 0.80 and specificity of 0.97). Diagnostic criteria for other common intra-articular disorders lack adequate validity for clinical diagnoses but can be used for screening purposes. Inter-examiner reliability for the clinical assessment associated with the validated DC/TMD criteria for pain-related TMD is excellent (kappa ≥ 0.85). Finally, a comprehensive classification system that includes both the common and less common TMD is also presented. The Axis II protocol retains selected original RDC/TMD screening instruments augmented with new instruments to assess jaw function as well as behavioral and additional psychosocial factors. The Axis II protocol is divided into screening and comprehensive self report instrument sets. The screening instruments' 41 questions assess pain intensity, pain-related disability, psychological distress, jaw functional limitations, and parafunctional behaviors, and a pain drawing is used to assess locations of pain. The comprehensive instruments, composed of 81 questions, assess in further detail jaw functional limitations and psychological distress as well as additional constructs of anxiety and presence of comorbid pain conditions. CONCLUSION: The recommended evidence-based new DC/TMD protocol is appropriate for use in both clinical and research settings. More comprehensive instruments augment short and simple screening instruments for Axis I and Axis II. These validated instruments allow for identification of patients with a range of simple to complex TMD presentations
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