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- Prasad, Rashmi B., et al.
(författare)
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The Genetics of Diabetes
- 2024. - 6th
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Ingår i: Textbook of Diabetes. - 9781119697428 - 9781119697473 - 9781119697435 ; , s. 155-196
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The chronic hyperglycaemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes can largely be ascribed to the worldwide increase in obesity during the last 30 years; for instance, more than 60% of individuals older than 15 years in the UK and USA are overweight. Diabetes encompasses a range of heterogeneous metabolic disorders characterized by the inability of the body to assimilate glucose and maintain glucose homeostasis. Diabetes has been traditionally subdivided into type 2 diabetes and type 1 diabetes. Heritability is a measure of the genetic influence on a particular trait. Next-generation sequencing provides even denser coverage of genetic variation, rendering detection of causal rare variants more feasible. Epigenetic modifications have the potential to be stable and heritable across cell divisions and manifest as parent-of-origin effects.
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