| 1. |
- Koundouri, P., et al.
(författare)
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Methodology for Integrated Socio-economic Assessment of Multi-use Offshore Platforms.
- 2017
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Ingår i: In: Koundouri P. (eds) The Ocean of Tomorrow. Environment & Policy, vol 56. Springer, Cham. - 9783319557700 ; , s. 11-26
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter presents the methodology employed for the Integrated Socio-Economic Assessment (MISEA) of different designs of Multi-Use Offshore Platforms (MUOPs). The methodology allows for the identification, the valuationand the assessment of the potential impacts and their magnitude. The analysis considers a number of feasible designs of MUOP investments, and the likely responsesof those impacted by the investment project. The approach provides decision-makers with a valuable tool to assess whether a MUOP project increases the overall social welfare and hence should be undertaken. This is performed under alternative specifications regarding platform design, the discount rate and the stream of net benefits, if a Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) is to be followed or a sensitivity analysis of selected criteria in a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) framework. Themethodology can support the implementation of policies aiming at achieving a goodenvironmental status of the EU’s marine waters and the protection of the resource base upon which marine-related economic and social activities depend.
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| 2. |
- Nightingale, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Background and history of sustainability
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environment and Sustainability in a Globalizing World. Andrea J. Nightingale (red.). - New York : Routledge. - 9781317501831 ; , s. 13-34, s. 13-34
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter explores how the idea of sustainability has changed over time and within different regions. The expansion of the Industrial Revolution brought environmental concerns firmly onto the political agenda and established many of the environmental—social—economic relations that continue to shape sustainability challenges. The Industrial Revolution along with colonialism brought about widespread changes in economies and environments upon which the emerging global economy depended. Steady state is used in the environmental field to indicate an ecosystem, organism, or place that is in balance. While Thomas R. Malthus maintained that population growth would eventually lead to a crisis of resources, he simultaneously believed that technological progress could postpone the inevitable need to reduce demands on resource. Neo-Malthusianism refers to a line of thought advocating population control to ensure resource availability for current and future populations. Ideas of limits to economic growth, the need for moderating human exploitation of resources, and the desirability of steady states thus have a long history. © 2019 Taylor & Francis.
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| 3. |
- Nightingale, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Enacting sustainability
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environment and Sustainability in a Globalizing World. Andrea J. Nightingale (red.). - New York : Routledge. - 9781317501831 ; , s. 56-81, s. 56-81
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter looks at the ways that narratives of sustainability have been put into practice. It deals with the idea of measuring sustainability, and examines how approaches based in the biophysical sciences may differ from those in the social sciences. Measuring sustainability and sustainable development poses a number of problems, not least of which are availability of data. Many indicators put ecology at the core of sustainability, assuming that ecological sustainability is a prerequisite for social and economic sustainability. An ecological footprint represents the amount of biologically productive land and sea area necessary to supply the resources and energy a given human population consumes and needs to dispose of its waste. Ecological science has been primarily underpinned by the idea of stability at least since Frederic Clements’ seminal text on climax vegetation in 1936. The idea of planetary boundaries has captured the imagination of sustainability communities and has helped to increase awareness of sustainability issues. © 2019 Taylor & Francis.
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| 4. |
- Nightingale, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Narratives of sustainability key concepts and issues
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environment and Sustainability in a Globalizing World. Andrea J. Nightingale (red.). - New York : Routledge. - 9781317501831 ; , s. 35-55, s. 35-55
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter reviews some of the key concepts and issues in sustainability debates in order to better understand how sustainability can be invoked for a wide range of purposes. By scrutinizing the narratives of environment and society that underpin sustainability, a wide range of conflicting conceptualizations becomes evident. The chapter deals with a discussion about the contrasting conceptualizations that underpin different narratives of sustainability. Social movements seeking to articulate competing visions of sustainability often draw upon the historically rooted value systems and ways of conceptualizing socionatures to move beyond anthropocentrism and ecocentrism. Linking society and environment ontologically through a socionatures conceptualization recognizes that entities like forests, grasslands, human bodies, even the atmosphere, are socio-natural entities. Most sustainability narratives are predicated upon some separation of society from environment. Two other narratives that are particularly important for understanding sustainability are anthropocentrism and ecocentrism. Anthropocentrism advocates often promote technical and managerial approaches to solve environmental crises. © 2019 Taylor & Francis.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Lindqvist, Ann-Sophie, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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AAS abuse in former competitive sport athletes.
- 2007
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Ingår i: First Nordic Conference on Abuse of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids and Anti-Doping Work, Uppsala, 2007.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Rosen, A., et al.
(författare)
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A computerised third molar surgery simulator - results of supervision by different professionals
- 2014
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Ingår i: European journal of dental education. - : Wiley. - 1396-5883 .- 1600-0579. ; 18:2, s. 86-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to investigate which supervisory approach afforded the most efficient learning method for undergraduate students in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) using a computerised third molar surgery simulator. Fifth year dental students participated voluntarily in a randomised experimental study using the simulator. The amount of time required and the number of trials used by each student were evaluated as a measure of skills development. Students had the opportunity to practise the procedure until no further visible improvements were achieved. The study assessed four different types of supervision to guide the students. The first group was where they were supported by a teacher/specialist in OMS, the second by a teaching assistant, the third group practised without any supervision and the fourth received help from a simulator technician/engineer. A protocol describing assessment criteria was designed for this purpose, and a questionnaire was completed by all participating students after the study. The average number of attempts required to virtually remove a third molar tooth in the simulator was 1.44 times for the group supervised by an OMS teacher; 1.5 times for those supervised by a teaching assistant; 2.8 times for those who had no supervision; and 3.6 times when support was provided only by a simulator technician. The results showed that the most efficient experience of the students was when they were helped by an OMS teacher or a teaching assistant. In a time and cost-effective perspective, supervision by a teaching assistant for a third molar surgery simulator would be the optimal choice.
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| 8. |
- Söderqvist, T., et al.
(författare)
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Socio-economic Analysis of a Selected Multi-use Offshore Site in the North Sea
- 2017
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Ingår i: In: Koundouri P. (eds) The Ocean of Tomorrow. Environment & Policy, vol 56. Springer, Cham. - 9783319557700 ; , s. 43-67
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A 600 MW offshore wind farm is under construction in the Netherlands Exclusive Economic Zone at a site called Gemini situated 55 km north of the Wadden Sea island of Schiermonnikoog and 85 km from the nearest Dutch port ofEemshaven. This chapter investigates the option of introducing a multi-use design for the Gemini site by adding mussel cultivation (48 kt wet weight per year) andseaweed cultivation (480 kt wet weight per year) to the wind farm. An institutional analysis indicates a political will in the Netherlands to support the development ofadding uses to offshore wind farms, but a number of implementation obstacles are also identified. Those obstacles include an absence of licences for multi-use production and legal restrictions against third-party access to wind farms. There istherefore a need for a regulatory framework for multi-use and trust-building amongactors involved in multi-use installations. A financial and economic assessment,and a cost-benefit analysis also taking into account monetized changes in CO2 emissions, indicate that adding mussel cultivation to the wind farm is likely to be both financially and socio-economically viable. Including a seaweed cultivation function is probably not financially and socio-economically viable under currenttechnical and economic conditions. Knowledge gaps and uncertainties in these assessments with respect to, for example, missing site-specific data and non-monetizedexternalities suggest further research, also including pilot cultivations of mussels and seaweed in planned single-use or multi-use installations.
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| 9. |
- Kastrati, Gránit, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic influences on central and peripheral nervous system activity during fear conditioning.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fear conditioning is an evolutionarily conserved type of learning serving as a model for the acquisition of situationally induced anxiety. Brain function supporting fear conditioning may be genetically influenced, which in part could explain genetic susceptibility for anxiety following stress exposure. Using a classical twin design and functional magnetic resonance imaging, we evaluated genetic influences (h2) on brain activity and standard autonomic measures during fear conditioning. We found an additive genetic influence on mean brain activation (h2 = 0.34) and autonomic responses (h2 = 0.24) during fear learning. The experiment also allowed estimation of the genetic influence on brain activation during safety learning (h2 = 0.55). The mean safety, but not fear, related brain activation was genetically correlated with autonomic responses. We conclude that fear and safety learning processes, both involved in anxiety development, are moderately genetically influenced as expressed both in the brain and the body.
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| 10. |
- Stuiver, M., et al.
(författare)
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The Governance of Multi-Use Platforms at Sea for Energy Production and Aquaculture: Challenges for Policy Makers in European Seas
- 2016
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 8:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- European seas are encountering an upsurge in competing marine activities and infrastructures. Traditional exploitation such as fisheries, tourism, transportation, and oil production are accompanied by new sustainable economic activities such as offshore windfarms, aquaculture, and tidal and wave energy. One proposed solution to overcome possible competing claims at sea lies in combining these economic activities as part of Multi-Use Platforms at Sea (MUPS). MUPS can be understood as areas at sea, designated for a combination of activities, either completely integrated in a platform or in shared marine space. MUPS can potentially benefit from each other in terms of infrastructure, maintenance, etc. Developing MUPS in the marine environment demands adequate governance. In this article, we investigate four European sites to find out how governance arrangements may facilitate or complicate MUPs. In particular, we apply a framework specifying policy, economic, social, technical, environmental, and legal (PESTEL) factors to explore governance arrangements in four case study sites in different sea basins around Europe ( the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, and the Baltic Sea). The article concludes with policy recommendations on a governance regime for facilitating the development of MUPS in the future.
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