| 1. |
- Acharya, B. S., et al.
(författare)
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Introducing the CTA concept
- 2013
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Ingår i: Astroparticle physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-6505 .- 1873-2852. ; 43, s. 3-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Regev, A, et al.
(författare)
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The Human Cell Atlas
- 2017
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Ingår i: eLife. - : ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 2050-084X. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Sikkema, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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An integrated cell atlas of the lung in health and disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Nature. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 29:6, s. 1563-1577
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-cell technologies have transformed our understanding of human tissues. Yet, studies typically capture only a limited number of donors and disagree on cell type definitions. Integrating many single-cell datasets can address these limitations of individual studies and capture the variability present in the population. Here we present the integrated Human Lung Cell Atlas (HLCA), combining 49 datasets of the human respiratory system into a single atlas spanning over 2.4 million cells from 486 individuals. The HLCA presents a consensus cell type re-annotation with matching marker genes, including annotations of rare and previously undescribed cell types. Leveraging the number and diversity of individuals in the HLCA, we identify gene modules that are associated with demographic covariates such as age, sex and body mass index, as well as gene modules changing expression along the proximal-to-distal axis of the bronchial tree. Mapping new data to the HLCA enables rapid data annotation and interpretation. Using the HLCA as a reference for the study of disease, we identify shared cell states across multiple lung diseases, including SPP1 + profibrotic monocyte-derived macrophages in COVID-19, pulmonary fibrosis and lung carcinoma. Overall, the HLCA serves as an example for the development and use of large-scale, cross-dataset organ atlases within the Human Cell Atlas.
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| 4. |
- Sungnak, W., et al.
(författare)
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SARS-CoV-2 entry factors are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells together with innate immune genes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Nature Research. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 26:5, s. 681-687
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated SARS-CoV-2 potential tropism by surveying expression of viral entry-associated genes in single-cell RNA-sequencing data from multiple tissues from healthy human donors. We co-detected these transcripts in specific respiratory, corneal and intestinal epithelial cells, potentially explaining the high efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. These genes are co-expressed in nasal epithelial cells with genes involved in innate immunity, highlighting the cells’ potential role in initial viral infection, spread and clearance. The study offers a useful resource for further lines of inquiry with valuable clinical samples from COVID-19 patients and we provide our data in a comprehensive, open and user-friendly fashion at www.covid19cellatlas.org.
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| 5. |
- Någård, M. B., et al.
(författare)
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Dissociative recombination of D+(D2O)(2) water cluster ions with free electrons
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 117:11, s. 5264-5270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dissociative recombination (DR) of the water cluster ion D+(D2O)(2) has been studied at the heavy-ion storage ring CRYRING (Manne Siegbahn Laboratory, Stockholm University). Cluster ions were injected into the ring and accelerated to an energy of 2.28 MeV. The stored ion beam was merged with an almost monoenergetic electron beam, and neutral fragments produced by DR were detected by an energy-sensitive surface barrier detector. The first experimental determinations of the absolute DR cross section and branching ratios for a cluster ion are reported. The cross section for the process D+(D2O)(2)+e(-) is large and reaches 6.10(-12) cm(2) at a low center-of-mass collision energy of 0.001 eV. The cross section has an E-1.19+/-0.02 dependence in the energy range 0.001-0.0052 eV, and a steeper slope with an E-1.70+/-0.12 dependence for E=0.052-0.324 eV. The general trends are similar to the results for previously studied molecular ions, but the cross section is higher in absolute numbers for the cluster ion. Thermal rate coefficients for electron temperatures of 50-2000 K are deduced from the cross section data and the rate coefficients are consequently also large. Branching ratios for the product channels are determined with a grid technique. Break-up into 2D(2)O+D is the dominating dissociation channel with a probability of 0.94+/-0.04. The channel resulting in the fragments D2O+OD+D-2 has a probability of 0.04+/-0.02, and the probability for formation of D3O+D2O is 0.02+/-0.03. The results are compared with data for molecular ions, and the cluster dissociation dynamics are discussed.
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| 6. |
- Öjekull, Jenny, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Dissociative recombination of ammonia clusters studied by storage ring experiments
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 125:19, s. 194306-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dissociative recombination of ammonia cluster ions with free electrons has been studied at the heavy-ion storage ring CRYRING (Manne Siegbahn Laboratory, Stockholm University). The absolute cross sections for dissociative recombination of H+(NH3)(2), H+(NH3)(3), D+(ND3)(2), and D+(ND3)(3) in the collision energy range of 0.001-27 eV are reported, and thermal rate coefficients for the temperature interval from 10 to 1000 K are calculated from the experimental data and compared with earlier results. The fragmentation patterns for the two ions H+(NH3)(2) and D+(ND3)(2) show no clear isotope effect. Dissociative recombination of X+(NX3)(2) (X=H or D) is dominated by the product channels 2NX(3)+X [0.95 +/- 0.02 for H+(NH3)(2) and 1.00 +/- 0.02 for D+(ND3)(2)]. Dissociative recombination of D+(ND3)(3) is dominated by the channels yielding three N-containing fragments (0.95 +/- 0.05).
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| 7. |
- Öjekull, Jenny, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Dissociative recombination of NH4+ and ND4+ ions : Storage ring experiments and ab initio molecular dynamics
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 120:16, s. 7391-7399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dissociative recombination (DR) process of NH4+ and ND4+ molecular ions with free electrons has been studied at the heavy-ion storage ring CRYRING (Manne Siegbahn Laboratory, Stockholm University). The absolute cross sections for DR of NH4+ and ND4+ in the collision energy range 0.001-1 eV are reported, and thermal rate coefficients for the temperature interval from 10 to 2000 K are calculated from the experimental data. The absolute cross section for NH4+ agrees well with earlier work and is about a factor of 2 larger than the cross section for ND4+. The dissociative recombination of NH4+ is dominated by the product channels NH3+H (0.85+/-0.04) and NH2+2H (0.13+/-0.01), while the DR of ND4+ mainly results in ND3+D (0.94+/-0.03). Ab initio direct dynamics simulations, based on the assumption that the dissociation dynamics is governed by the neutral ground-state potential energy surface, suggest that the primary product formed in the DR process is NH3+H. The ejection of the H atom is direct and leaves the NH3 molecule highly vibrationally excited. A fraction of the excited ammonia molecules may subsequently undergo secondary fragmentation forming NH2+H. It is concluded that the model results are consistent with gross features of the experimental results, including the sensitivity of the branching ratio for the three-body channel NH2+2H to isotopic exchange.
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| 8. |
- Ben-Nun, J., et al.
(författare)
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A new implementation of a dual (paper and cryptographic) voting system
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the design and implementation of a new cryptographic voting system, designed to retain the "look and feel" of standard, paper-based voting used in our country Israel while enhancing security with end-to-end verifiability guaranteed by cryptographic voting. Our system is dual ballot and runs two voting processes in parallel: one is electronic while the other is paper-based and similar to the traditional process used in Israel. Consistency between the two processes is enforced by means of a new, specially-tailored paper ballot format. We examined the practicality and usability of our protocol through implementation and field testing in two elections: the first being a student council election with over 2000 voters, the second a political party's election for choosing their leader. We present our findings, some of which were extracted from a survey we conducted during the first election. Overall, voters trusted the system and found it comfortable to use.
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| 9. |
- Ellegren, H, et al.
(författare)
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The genetical history of an isolated population of the endangered grey wolf Canis lupus : A study of nuclear and mitochondrial polymorphisms
- 1996
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Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8436 .- 1471-2970. ; 351:1348, s. 1661-1669
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The grey wolf was thought to have been exterminated in the Scandinavian peninsula when the sudden appearance of a few animals in southern Sweden was reported in 1980. These wolves founded a new Swedish population which currently numbers at least 25 individuals, one of the world's smallest populations of the species. The sudden occurrence of the founder animals caused speculation that these had not appeared by 'natural' means but rather were Swedish zoo animals deliberately released by man. To analyse if this was the case and to elucidate the genetic status bi; this small and isolated population, we assessed nuclear and mitochondrial (mt) genetic variability in wild and captive grey wolves, using microsatellite typing and sequence analysis of the mtDNA D-loop. The new population was found to be monomorphic for a mtDNA haplotype which also was present in the Swedish zoo population. A total of four different mtDNA haplotypes were found among all captive and wild wolves (including two animals from an occasional establishment of a few wolves in northern Sweden in the late 1970s), with a maximum sequence divergence of 3.1 %. Despite the mtDNA congruence, animals from the zoo population could most likely be excluded as founders for the wild population since the latter group of animals displayed several unique microsatellite alleles (i.e. alleles not found in the zoo population). Moreover, a phylogenetic analysis of individual wolves, using microsatellite allele sharing as distance measure, placed all wild animals on a branch separated from that of the captive animals. The average degree of nuclear variability as well as allelic diversity was similar in the wild and the captive populations, respectively, but was lower than that reported for North-American populations of grey wolves. Polymorphism has declined in wild wolves born in recent years suggesting that this small population is currently suffering from a loss of genetic variability due to inbreeding. Inbreeding depression is documented in captive wolves and the long-term survival of the wild Swedish population may therefore depend on immigration of animals from Russia. This study illustrates the usefulness of microsatellites for dissecting close genetic relationships and for addressing the genetic status of individuals.
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| 10. |
- Gjerde, Cecilie, et al.
(författare)
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Cell therapy induced regeneration of severely atrophied mandibular bone in a clinical trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: Stem Cell Research & Therapy. - : BMC. - 1757-6512. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Autologous grafting, despite some disadvantages, is still considered the gold standard for reconstruction of maxillofacial bone defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone regeneration using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in a clinical trial, a less invasive approach than autologous bone grafting. This comprehensive clinical trial included subjects with severe mandibular ridge resorption. Methods: The study included 11 subjects aged 52-79 years with severe mandibular ridge resorption. Bone marrow cells were aspirated from the posterior iliac crest and plastic adherent cells were expanded in culture medium containing human platelet lysate. The MSCs and biphasic calcium phosphate granules as scaffolds were inserted subperiosteally onto the resorbed alveolar ridge. After 4-6 months of healing, new bone formation was assessed clinically and radiographically, as were safety and feasibility. Bone at the implant site was biopsied for micro computed topography and histological analyses and dental implants were placed in the newly regenerated bone. Functional outcomes and patient satisfaction were assessed after 12 months. Results: The bone marrow cells, expanded in vitro and inserted into the defect together with biphasic calcium phosphate granules, induced significant new bone formation. The regenerated bone volume was adequate for dental implant installation. Healing was uneventful, without adverse events. The patients were satisfied with the esthetic and functional outcomes. No side effects were observed. Conclusions: The results of this comprehensive clinical trial in human subjects confirm that MSCs can successfully induce significant formation of new bone, with no untoward sequelae. Hence, this novel augmentation procedure warrants further investigation and may form the basis of a valid treatment protocol, challenging the current gold standard.
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